Sociology ch 10

France might be classified as which type of nation? a. global b. core c. semi-peripheral d. peripheral

b. core

In an American town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. They sell goods to the workers at inflated prices, offer house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and make sure they always pay their workers less than what is needed for food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This most closely resembles: a. child slavery b. chattel slavery c. debt slavery d. servile marriage

c. debt slavery

One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize: a. that semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing b. that peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market c. its inherent ethnocentric bias d. the importance of semi-peripheral nations in industrializing

c. its inherent ethnocentric bias

the movement (flight) of capital from one nation to another, via jobs and resources

capital flight

a form of slavery in which one person owns another

chattel slavery

dominant capitalist countries

core nations

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: a. core nations and peripheral nations exploit semi-peripheral nations b. semi-peripheral nations exploit core nations c. peripheral nations exploit core nations d. core nations exploit peripheral nations

d. core nations exploit peripheral nations

the state of poverty where one is unable to live the lifestyle of the average person in the country

relative poverty

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symbolic interactionism

If a sociologist says that nations evolve towards more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using -- theory to study the global economy. a. modernization theory b. dependency theory c. modern dependency theory d. evolutionary dependency theory

a. modernization theory

a pattern that occurs when women bear a disproportionate percentage of the burden of poverty

global feminization

the concentration of resources in core nations and in the hands of a wealthy minority

global inequality

the income of a nation calculated based on goods and services produced, plus income earned by citizens and corporations headquartered in that country

gross national income(GNI)

nations on the fringes of the global economy, dominated by core nations, with very little industrialization

peripheral nations

a term from the Cold War era that describes nations with moderate economies and standards of living

second world

in-between nations, not powerful enough to dictate policy but acting as a major source of raw materials and an expanding middle class marketplace

semi-peripheral nations

a state of poverty composed of many dimensions, subjectively present when one's actual income does not meet one's expectations

subjective poverty

article 3, cigarettes and classes

conflict theory

In the past, the united states manufactured clothes. many clothing companies have shut down their american factories and relocated to china. this is an example of: a. conflict theory b. oecd c. global inequality d. capital flight

d. capital flight

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like canned beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike lives in: a. global poverty b. absolute poverty c. subjective poverty d. relative poverty

d. relative poverty

A -- perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure. a. functional b. conflict c. feminist d. symbolic interactionist

a. functional

an unregulated economy of labor and goods that operates outside of governance, regulatory systems, or human protections

underground economy

a term from the Cold War era that refers to poor, unindustrialized countries

third world

Slavery in the pre-civil war american south most closely resembled: a. chattel slavery b. debt bondage c. relative poverty d. peonage

a. chattel slavery

One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize: a. that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be categorized as dependent on core nations b. that previously high-income nations such as China have been economically overpowered by low-income nations entering the global marketplace c. that countries such as china are growing more dependent on core nations d. that countries such as china do not necessarily want to be more like core nations

a. that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be categorized as dependent on core nations

the state where one is barely able, or unable, to afford basic necessities

absolute poverty

a term from the Cold War era that is used to describe industrialized capitalist democracies

first world

A sociologist working from a symbolic interactionist perspective would: a. study how inequality is created and produced b. study how corporations can improve the lives of their low-income workers c. try to understand how companies provide an advantage to high-income nations compared to low-income nations d. want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

d. want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

a theory that low-income countries can improve their global economic standing by industrialization of infrastructure and a shift in cultural attitudes towards work

modernization theory

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structural functionalism

Maya is a 12 year old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in -- poverty. a. subjective b. absolute c. relative d. global

b. absolute

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories using a -- perspective to understand the global economy. a. functional b. conflict theory c. feminist d. symbolic interactionist

b. conflict theory

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitable favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a: a. functionalist b. dependency theorist c. modernization theorist d. symbolic interactionist

b. dependency theorist

Faith has a full time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: a. global poverty b. subjective poverty c. absolute poverty d. relative poverty

b. subjective poverty

the buildup of external debt, wherein countries borrow money from other nations to fund their expansion or growth goals

debt accumulation

when people pledge themselves as servants in exchange for money for passage, and are subsequently paid too little to regain their freedom

debt bondage

the loss of industrial production, usually to peripheral and semi-peripheral nations where the costs are lower

deindustrialization

theory which states that global inequity is due to the exploitation of peripheral and semi-peripheral nations by core nations

dependency theory

a term that describes stigmatized minority groups who have no voice or representation on the world stage

fourth world

the unequal distribution of resources between countries

global stratification