Sociology Chapter 4

According to Mead, this is the part of the self that is spontaneous, unpredictable, and creative!

"I"

According to Mead, the part of the self that is created through socialization

"me"

The conflict perspective agrees that socialization is a stablining force, but in a negative way: It keeps people from challenging the status quo, the existing _________ system, or their __________ in life.

CLASS, POSITION

According to symbolic interactionism, each person has a self-__________ or an image of oneself as having an individual _____________.

CONCEPT, IDENTITY

What stresses do people in the middle years of adulthood often experience?

Divorce, the loss of a job, and the responsibilities of parenting can cause instability. Women stress the most if they face juggling roles of parent and employee.

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, how do the dying come to accept their fate?

Elisabeth states that there are five stages of grieving associated with the process of dying. Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

How has the hospice movement influenced ideas about death and dying?

Hospices goal is to make a terminally ill person, as well as his or her friends and family, comfortable during the living-dying interval".

Functionalism focuses on the ways in which groups work together to make society stable and to maintain social ___________.

INSTITUTIONS

according to symbolic intercationism, significant others are the people whose judgements are most ____ to the way we think about our ___

Important, self-concepts

How did industrialization change the way that Europeans and Americans viewed childhood?

Industrialization changed the way people in Europe and the United States viewed childhood by the United States and federal laws regulated child labor since 1938.

Children benefit when they __________________ positive role models and take on the positive societal __________________ presented on television, in books and movies, and so on.

Learn, aspects

we create a ___-___self when we unconsciously imagine how we appear to other; when we imagine how others react to us; and when we ____ or evaluate ourselves as we image others evaluate us

Looking-class self, self-concept

Georger Herbert ________ and Charles Horton ________ proposed that human nature is a product of ___________ - the symbolic interactionist perspective.

MEAD, COOLEY, SOCIETY

What physiological and psychological changes do adolescents experience?

Puberty and also Adolescence experience growth spurts, adding height and weight quickly at the beginning of this life stage.

From interaction with their peers, children participate in give-and-take __________________ , learn to become more self-__________________ , and develop close ties outside of the __________________

Relationships, direction, family

we also use ____ taking to shape our self-concept: We ___ what others might say or do in a social situation, then we plan how we will react if they indeed do so

Role, imitation

both functionalism and conflict theory approach socialization from a __ level

SOCIETAL

A child may belong to several peer groups, but each peer group consists of individuals who are about the same __________________ and who share a similar __________________

Same age, interest

Why does socialization continue through a person's life cycle?

Socialization continues through a person's life cycle because of the stages of development individuals pass through between birth and death. It also continues through a person's life cycle because expected behaviors change as people begin to age.

How did adolescence emerge as a distinct stage of the life cycle?

The Juvenile justice system, and the decline of the apprentice system.

from his or her family, a child begins to learn how to ___ and speak; internalizes norms, beliefs, and ______; develops some basic attitudes and a capacity for personal ____; and acquires a self-image

Think, values, relationships

What do we mean when we say that older people experience a feeling of "time closing in"?

This phrase basically means that the person accepts their death is coming and is finally ready to rest. They can be satisfied or not satisfied with how they spent their life, but they have come to a realization that "their time has come".

Who would be considered a "transitional adult," and what rites of passage usually accompany this life stage?

Young people who have extended adolescence beyond the teenage years by attending college.

Families and schools children by teaching them the same basic norms, ________, and __________

beliefs and values

The term hidden curriculum refers to the informal, unofficial aspects of __________________ that children learn in school.

culture

The term invisible religion refers to the fact that many religious values have become such a part of American __________________ that their religious __________________ are rarely thought about.

culture, roots

parents may not realize it, but they also teach their children the ___ roles that are considered appropriate in society and culture

gender

As a child learns that certain behavior is not just an offense to a significant other but wrong in principle, a __________ other emerges.

generalized

As a result, say conflict theorists, socialization benefits the _____________ social classes.

higher

In school, children learn to be less dependent on their __________________ but more dependent on each other for their __________________ life.

parents, social

According to symbolic interactionism, at the ____________ stage, the child acts as he or she thinks one other person would. Later, at the __________ stage, the child can imagine the words and actions of several people at once.

play, game

Religion influences even those who do not attend religious __________________ , but it has the strongest influence on those who do.

services

On the other hand, images of __________________ behavior and the power of propaganda information that attempts to __________________ people—can have negative effects.

violence, encourage