Sociology Chapter 5

Education is important to society because: Select one: a. It teaches children facts about the world in which they live. b. It teaches children how to interact with their peers and helps them to gain social graces. c. It teaches children how to react to authority and how to behave in group and one-on-one situations. d. All of the above

All of the above

The transition from college life to work life can be quite difficult for many young adults in the United States. Which is a possible cause for this struggle? Select one: a. The status quo has been maintained for a substantial period of time, and now the economy and government are undergoing significant changes. b. Many young people are in the same situation, so drawing expertise or knowledge from their experiences from peers is difficult. c. Finding a job, renting an apartment, and being independent is a daunting task that seems insurmountable. d. All of the above

All of the above

Sumaira is scared that she will not find a job in the current economy. She decides to be a business major and attend one of the top business schools in the country. Upon graduation, she is hired by a major investment banking firm in New York. Sumaira has completed: Select one: a. A degradation ceremony. b. Developing her sense of self. c. Anticipatory socialization. d. Developing her sense of morality.

Anticipatory socialization.

Some sociologists have pointed out that gender roles are often determined by how a society socializes young boys and girls. Which of the following is an example of socializing a child into a gender role? Select one: a. Taking Jimmy to the aquarium. b. Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with. c. Letting Kim wear pants to school. d. Allowing Joey to sleep with his "blankey."

Buying Sarah a toy kitchen to play with.

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, humans begin to think about the feelings of other people and begin to see the world through other people's eyes when they first go to school. Select one: True False

False

Ahmed has been trying to change his schedule so that he can take one more AP class his senior year in high school. He keeps running between the guidance office and the administration office to sort out the problem. Ahmed's interaction with the school's bureaucracy is an example of the influences of a total institution. Select one: True False

False

During her first day of kindergarten, Marie does not understand how the lunch line in the cafeteria works. She hesitates and watches as the older kids pick up their trays and silverware and then get in line. She follows their lead and successfully buys herself lunch. Marie's experience in the lunchroom is an example of anticipatory socialization. Select one: True False

False

Erik Erikson's study described the differences in the way that boys and girls view morality. Select one: True False

False

Katrina, age 5, and Sharon, age 4, love to play together while their mothers chat. Katrina has a toy iron and washing machine. She and Sharon spend hours "washing" and "ironing" her baby doll's clothes, just like they see their mothers do. Katrina and Sharon are exemplifying George Herbert Mead's play stage of development. Select one: True False

False

Émile Durkheim's much lauded study of suicide is important to the field of sociology in many ways. One of the most influential impacts was: Select one: a. It defined the differences between sociology and psychology b. It allowed psychology and sociology to merge into one field. c. It showed the psychological reasons for suicide to be a lie. d. It earned Émile Durkheim the title "Father of Sociology" so that other sociologists would have a role model.

It defined the differences between sociology and psychology

Mark, whose parents are wealthy, has been socialized to believe that he can be whoever he wants to be. His best friend Matt, whose parents are blue-collar workers, has been socialized to believe that hard work and following instructions is all he needs to support himself. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? Select one: a. Structural Functionalism b. Conflict c. Symbolic Interactionism d. Feminist Theory

Conflict

It is parent-teacher conference day at Littleton Elementary School. Jimmy's teacher is anxious to meet his parents and discuss his habit of disrupting the class. When the teacher expresses her concern that Jimmy is not being socialized properly, his dad insists that he was the same way at Jimmy's age and that disrupting the class is natural for the children in his family. Jimmy's teacher and father are arguing about which fundamental sociological theory? Select one: a. Kohlberg's theory of Moral Development b. George Herbert Mead's theory of self-development c. Nature vs. Nurture d. Freud's theory of self-development

Nature vs. Nurture

George Herbert Mead's specific path of development for individuals is as follows: Select one: a. Preparatory stage, play stage, game stage, generalized other stage b. Game stage, play stage, generalized other stage, preparatory stage c. Preparatory stage, game stage, play stage, generalized other stage d. Generalized other stage, preparatory stage, play stage, game stage

Preparatory stage, play stage, game stage, generalized other stage

Joseph and Paula are excited to welcome their child into the world. They cannot wait to pass on all their knowledge, insight, and rich culture. Just as their parents gave them guidance and showed them how to live, Joseph and Paula will continue the chain by handing down their societal values and thus, sustain the society they love so much. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? Select one: a. Structural Functionalism b. Conflict c. Symbolic Interactionism d. Feminist Theory

Structural Functionalism

Baby Marla is always well dressed. She has ribbons, bows, and frills all over her dresses and even in her hair. Her mother, who is worried that people might mistake Marla for a little boy, is determined to communicate to the world that she has a baby girl. Which sociological paradigm does this story fit? Select one: a. Structural Functionalism b. Conflict c. Symbolic Interactionism d. Exchange Theory

Symbolic Interactionism

Peer groups are important to adolescents because: Select one: a. They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents' parents. b. They provide the second major socialization experience outside the realm of their families. c. They rank higher in importance to adolescents' than parental influence. d. They help exert dependence among adolescents.

They help to develop a sense of identity separate from adolescents' parents.

Erik Erikson's theory explains how the actions of society help shape personalities throughout the eight basic stages of life. Select one: True False

True

In an effort to control a total institution, and to create a community of sameness, inmates are forced to strip down, be searched by police officers, and given identical uniforms before entering prison. This is an example of a degradation ceremony. Select one: True False

True

Parents often socialize their children to understand and follow the same norms that they themselves follow. Select one: True False

True

Sherry is in her mid-eighties and is moving to a nursing home. She is used to getting up at 5 o'clock each morning and making breakfast for herself. Her new roommate likes to sleep until 7 o'clock and breakfast is not served at the nursing home until 8 o'clock. Sherry most likely to experience resocialization through this transition. Select one: True False

True