Sociology Chapter 8 Race and Ethnicity

Which racial or ethnic group has the highest percentage of federal crack-cocaine offenders?

Black

Sociologists accept the notion that race has an objective or scientific meaning but also seek to understand why race continues to play such a critical role in society.

False

Identify the true and false statements about race and ethnicity.

True: - The U.S. federal government considers African American and Asian as races, while Hispanic or Latino are considered ethnicities. - Race is typically associated with physical differences, while ethnicity is associated with language, religion, or other cultural factors. False: - Race and ethnicity are interchangeable terms. - Race refers to unchangeable, biologically determined differences, while ethnicity refers to fluid, culturally determined differences.

A white man places a rental property that he owns on Craigslist to rent it out for the next year. He receives two very promising applications from individuals who both are college educated and hold well-paying jobs. He decides not to rent his house to the first applicant simply because he is Arab American and rents it to the second applicant, who is white. What is this an example of?

discrimination

Place the publication of three major books on race in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.

- Micheal Omi and Howard Winant wrote about the social construction of race in Racial Formation in the United States - Tomas Almaguer wrote about historical race relations in California in Racial Fault Lines - Ta-Nehisi Coates wrote about race and the African American experience in Between the World and Me

In what year do demographers predict that the white, non-Hispanic population will fall to 49.7 percent?

2045

Identify the true and false statements about white nationalism

True - White nationalism is nothing new, but rather has been with us since our country's founding - White people who feel threatened by changing demographics, advances in civil rights, and greater emphasis on multiculturalism may be attracted to white nationalist ideas. False - White nationalism represents the views of a fringe minority - White nationalism is deviant from American values.

Identify the true and false statements about the social construction of race.

True Statements - Sociologists understand race as a social rather than a biological category - The definition of race changes over time as racial categories are contested and developed - The concept of passing suggests race is socially constructed False Statements - If race is socially constructed, it means that race is unimportant.

A woman's grandparents were immigrants from Syria to the United States. She used to live in rural Oklahoma where she worked hard to disguise her ethnic heritage for fear of negative attitudes toward her. She recently moved to Dearborn, Michigan where there is a large population of Arab Americans and she has now begun taking pride in her ethnic heritage.

Situational ethnicity

Place the events in chronological order.

- Native Americans are forced to march the Trail of Tears - Irish, Italian, and Jewish immigrants are not considered white and, thus, restricted to living and working in certain areas - Jackie Robinson breaks Major League Baseball's color barrier - The Civil Rights Act of the 1964 outlaws racial discrimination - In loving v. Virginia, the Supreme Court strikes down antimiscegenation laws

In his 2017 book ________ Richard Rothstein shows how, in the 1930s, the Federal Housing Authority refused to insure mortgages for _____ borrowers. This policy, known as "______" (referring to the way neighborhoods were designated on federal maps), continues to this day and so does the segregation it produced. This is what systemic, _______ and discrimination looks like.

- The Color of Law - Black - redlining - institutional racism

Select the bold phrases that represent accurate statements about why people of color were disproportionately affected by the Covid-19 virus

- less likely to have health insurance - live in crowded housing - work as essential and frontline workers

Identify the statements that reflect changes in American's attitudes over recent years

Correct Answers(s) - Police are more prone to use excessive force on Black Americans - Discrimination against racial and ethic minorities is a big problem Incorrect Answer(s) - Despite great challenges, America is progressing toward racial equality

Identify the examples of implicit bias.

Implicit Bias - How teachers discipline white versus nonwhite students - How pediatricians treat pain management in white versus black children Not Implicit Bias - The Federal Housing Authority systematically and explicitly enacting policies that excluded African Americans while benefiting whites - The Ferguson Police Department routinely violating the constitutional rights of its black residents

A young man moves with his family to the United States from Ecuador. They continue to participate in traditional Ecuadorian cultural activities at home (food, dress, language, etc.) but also try to assimilate in the community. However, they have no intentions of hiding their heritage from anyone.

Neither symbolic nor situational ethnicity

Identify each statement as related to race, ethnicity, or symbolic ethnicity.

Race - Someone believes Rashida Jones is white because "she looks white" - In the nineteenth century, white biologists grouped humans into three categories: Negroid, Mongoloid, and Caucasoid Symbolic ethnicity - Displays of Irish identity are overwhelming on St. Patrick's Day, particularly in places like Boston and New York Ethnicity - Jews are a group that share a religious and cultural background but are dispersed in many parts of the world.

A teenager acknowledges her Irish heritage by wearing green, participating in a parade, and eating corned beef and cabbage only on St. Patrick's Day.

Symbolic ethnicity

Match each theoretical perspective to the correct approach to race and ethinicity.

Symbolic interactionism - Race and ethnicity are part of our identify as displayed through our presentation of self Conflict Theory - Racial and ethnic differences create intergroup conflict; minority and majority groups have different interests and may find themselves at odds as they attempt to secure and protect their interests. Structural Functionalism - Racial and ethnic differences are a necessary part of society. Even racial inequality has functions that help maintain social order.

Identify the true and false statements about color-blind racism

True Statements - It is problematic because it implies that race should be both invisible and inconsequential - its beliefs are usually held by but not limited to whites - Color-blind racism shows us how in recent years, racism often takes more subtle forms False Statements - It is easy to combat