Sociology final

According to sociologists, which is NOT a minority in the United States today? Native Americans Americans of English ancestry American Americans Latino Americans

Americans of English ancestry

Jews in the United States are members of

An ethnic minority

The term Anglo refers to an American whose

Ancestors came from England

Urh's family immigrated from Laos thirty years ago when he was five years old. While Urh's parents still cook and eat mostly Laotian food, Urh and his new wife, who is a native born American, primarily eat "American" food. In addition, they do not celebrate Laotian holidays unless they are with Urh's parents, but they do celebrate holidays such as thanksgiving, Christmas, and Fourth of July. Which term best describes the difference between these two generations?

Anglo-assimilation

Which of the following patterns of assimilation occurred most commonly to German immigrants to the United States in the early 1900s? Accommodation Anglo-assimilation Popular transfer Subjugation

Anglo-assimilation

When minority groups enter the United States, they are typically either or ___

Assimilated; accommodated

Functionalist perspective of prejudice and discrimination

Because the dominant group feels superior to the minority, its members' self-concepts are strengthened

Symbolic interactionists view of prejudice

Children are taught to be prejudiced by watching the behavior of significant others who express prejudices

Which of the following is NOT a pattern of conflict? Genocide Cultural pluralism Subjugation Popular transfer

Cultural pluralism

Painting a swastika on a Jewish neighbor's garage

Example of a hate crime

An African American high school graduate works 30 hours a week stocking groceries at a local supermarket, but, after looking for full time work for over a year, has given up applying for a different job. Because he is no longer seeking a job, the government will not count him as wanting a different type of work.

Example of hidden unemployment

A country will not allow non-citizens to own property

Example of institutionalized discrimination

In the 1800s, some schools had rules that female teachers had to be unmarried because most people believed that married women should stay home and take care of their families. However, no such rules applied to men in their work.

Example of sexism

A number of societies in developing nations allow their members total sexual freedom

False

African Americans who are professional athletes have about the same chance of becoming radio and television announcers as do white players

False

All cultures believe that it is important for people to be in love before they get married

False

All denominations are religious organizations, but a sect may be a religious or a secular organization

False

Although African Americans earn less money than whites, they have about the same unemployment rate as whites

False

Americans' support of religious beliefs has declined dramatically over the past 20 years, with only 25% of the population saying they attend church or synagogue regularly

False

As the United States has become more industrialized, the elderly have achieved greater status

False

Because a large number of minorities traditionally have been involved in sport, there has been little discrimination against them

False

Because the colonists came to America in search of religious freedom and realized its importance, there has been very little religious persecution throughout the history of the United States

False

Due to international efforts, genocide no longer occurs in the world today

False

Established rules are not necessary in sport

False

Family violence is most prevalent in lower-class homes

False

Genocide has not occurred since Hitler attempted to destroy the Jewish population

False

Genocide is used by dominant cultures to reject minority groups

False

High school sweethearts who get married have a smaller chance of divorcing than other couples

False

In sport today, men and women receive approximately equal pay

False

In the United States, individuals can marry any person they wish, as long as that person is of the opposite sex

False

Only 25% of all US couples who marry will eventually divorce

False

People often discriminate against others based on race, but rarely discriminate based on religion

False

People who are blind are members of an ethnic minority

False

People who come to the United States from other countries are frequently surprised at how little importance Americans place on winning at sport

False

Since the 1980s, women have held approximately half of all political positions

False

Sport is more important in most European societies than it is in the United States

False

The average person was healthier at age 65 a century ago than today because back then people got more physical exercise

False

The most common pattern of assimilation in the United States is the melting pot pattern

False

The oldest known religion goes back about 2,000 years

False

The term Anglo refers to an American whose ancestors came from anywhere in Europe

False

When you see whether you or your brother can swim the length of the pool the fastest, you are engaging in sport

False

Title IX of the educational amendment act made it illegal for public-funded schools to racially discriminate in sport

False (gender discrimination)

The members of ethnic minorities can be recognized by their physical appearance

False (not always)

Karl Marx stated that wealth on this earth was the way in which god rewarded those who followed God's will

False (this is Protestant work ethic)

Historically, many African Americans in the southern states were denied the right to vote by government officials who treated them differently from whites; for example, by requiring them to pass complex exams to be able to vote

Institutionalized discrimination

An important characteristic of a minority is that

It must be dominated by the majority

Which of the following people would NOT be considered Latino? A girl whose parents were born in Chile An immigrant from Mexico A Native American A Cuban American

Native American

Abraham's parents taught him that all white southerners believe that African Americans are inferior to whites

Prejudice

Minority defined by physical characteristics

Racial minority

Manuel was always on high honor roll in high school, so when he went to college he expected to do well in his courses. His grades for the first semester were very good, about the same as those he received in high school.

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Steve tells his friend Tom that he should go out for track because Tom is African American and Steve believes this group of people can run faster than others

Stereotype

Which of the following was the primary pattern used by the majority to deal with American Americans who came to the United States as slaves? Assimilation Genocide Accommodation Subjugation

Subjugation

Members of a society learn to be prejudiced in the same way that they learn other values

Symbolic interactionism

Which of the following groups is an example of the accommodation pattern of assimilation? African Americans Latino Americans WASPs The Amish

The Amish

Gray power

The increasing political power of the elderly

People who are racist believe that...

Their race is superior

A major reason that African Americans haven't assimilated into America as readily as many other minorities is that their skin color and physical features make them readily identifiable

True

A religious organization that is a denomination in one society may be considered a cult in another society

True

A woman who is 70 years old is nearly twice as likely to be poor as a man of the same age

True

According to the textbook, the primary purpose of chariot racing in Ancient Rome was to allow the athlete to prove he was willing to do anything to show how strongly he identified with his city

True

African Americans in professional sports have less of a chance becoming owners and managers than do white players

True

All societies have some rules concerning mating and marrying

True

An example of a pink-collar job would be a waitress in a diner

True

An important role of marriage is to determine who can legitimately inherit the family name and property

True

Another word for profane is secular

True

Because sociologists cannot evaluate religious beliefs, they focus on the social dimensions of religion

True

Conflict Theory states that the majority uses prejudice and discrimination to control a minority

True

Conflict theorists say that sport allows those people with power to manipulate and coerce those without power

True

Cults can either be religious or secular organizations

True

Domestic tasks such as childcare are typically undervalued in industrial societies

True

Early Rome had a wide variety of gods, each attached to a specific object or event

True

Functionalists state that an important part of religion is to provide people with a sense of unity and belonging

True

Historically, most families have been patriarchies, but in industrial countries they have become increasingly democratic

True

In most cultures, girls are treated differently than boys virtually from the moment they are born

True

In most cultures, men tend to be more aggressive and more likely to engage in conflict than women

True

In some societies in developing countries, a husband can divorce his wife for not bearing children

True

In the United States today, couples are marrying at a later age than they previously did

True

In the tossed salad pattern of assimilation, minorities keep at least some of their traditions

True

Just as in the workplace, women in professional sport are typically paid less than men

True

Max Weber thought capitalism developed in northwestern Europe and America partly because of the Protestant ethic

True

Most Americans indenting themselves as being Protestant

True

One cause of ageism in a technological society is that the job skills of workers are more likely to be out of date than in an agricultural society

True

One purpose of sport is to teach a society's values

True

One reason that Americans frequently marry across class lines is that young people from all social levels meet and interact at college

True

One reason that religious reform movements grew in the 1830s was because many people were against slavery and drinking alcohol

True

Only a very small percentage of athletes will ever play professionally, so it is a mistake to forego academics to try to make a living as an athlete

True

People who believe that religion is becoming less important in American life say that the society is being secularized

True

Religious customs and taboos have been traced back to at least 50,000 B.C., long before recorded history

True

Sport may encourage cheating because some people believe that winning is more important than anything else

True

Sport teaches some of the basic values of a society

True

Sports reflect society at a large

True

The "hidden poor" includes elderly people who live with relatives or in institutions

True

The United States has one of the lowest percentages of women holding elected office of any nation in the western world

True

The United States institution that has the greatest impact on people's behavior is the family

True

The more ethnocentric a person is, the more likely he or she is to commit a hate crime

True

The subculture of jockey places importance on being cool and patient in risky situations

True

There are more variations within each sex than there are between the sexes

True

Verbal and psychological abuse can be just as damaging to children as physical abuse

True

While both are rare, polyandry has traditionally been less common than polygyny

True

While women are becoming more involved in organized sport, men still hold most of the administrative and coaching positions

True

Which of the following statements is true concerning African Americans? While their income increases as they receive more education, it increases at a lower rate than that of whites African Americans' income increases more rapidly than that of whites as they become better educated Generally speaking, they are discriminated against less than Asian Americans Their political power has decreased over the past 40 years

While their income increases as they receive more education, it increases at a lower rate than that of whites