SOCIOLOGY MIDTERM REVIEW CH1-CH4

Family is important to the socialization process because:

1. Family members are often what Mead called "Significant others". 2. Parents greatly affect a child's self concept. 3. Families give children social identity in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion.

Most people find it difficult to disobey authorities because they fear

1. Ridicule. 2. Ostracism. 3. Punishment

Learning more about sociology helps us to:

1. See the constraints in our lives. 2. See the opportunities in our lives. 3. Be more active participants in society.

Which of the following is the best example of a primary group?

A family gathering for a religious holiday

Which of the following illustrates the operation of groupthink?

A group seeks consensus, discouraging members from speaking freely, and ends up making a poor policy recommendation.

Being an honors student is a good example of which of the following?

Achieved status

Martin Luther King Jr. and Mother Threasea are examples of

Charismatic authority

Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of McDonaldization?

Creativity

Passengers sitting in an airport gate area to board a plane are an example of a

Crowd

Catherine is taking Latin culture cluster course in Peru as a part of an international studies program. Although the practices of the Peruvian natives with whom she is living are very strange to her, she is doing her best to understand the Peruvian culture and has not passed judgement on it. This perspective which asks that we evaluate other cultures according to their standards not just our own is called

Cultural Relativism

Same had an unpleasant and frightening experience encountering a strange way of life when he visted another country ocer spring break. His experience is called:

Culture shock

A researcher believes that colder temperatures lead to more snowfall. The amount of snowfall is the _____ variable

Dependent

A person who critizes the Amish farmer as backward for tilling his fields using horses and a plow instead of a tractor is exhibiting

Ethnocentrism

Which of the following concepts refers to group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being?

Expressive leadership

The 4 main categories of agents of socialization are:

Family. Schools. Peers. And media

Which of the following is usually the first step in the research cycle?

Formulating a research question

Teaching right and wrong and other normative aspects of the culture other than purely academic subjects in school is called the

Hidden curriculum

By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind:

Imagining a situation from another person's point of view

Which of the following concepts refers to group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?

Instrumental leadership

Keeping young people off the streets would be a _______ of sports

Latent function

Which of the following statements is TRUE

Learning more about other societies help us better understand our own way of life

________ Distinguish between right and wrong; __________ distinguish between polite and rude

Mores; folkways.

Bureaucracies are characterized by secondary relationships. Since bureaucracies dominate modern society, the implication is that:

Most interactions in our lives are impersonal and focused on specific activities for achieving goals

Reading the following 4 statements about social network. Which of the statements is typically true of a social network?

Networks are fuzzy group containing people we "know of" rather that those we "Know"

For his research project, Aidan wants to know how people involved in activism behave. He decides to get involved in People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals to see how the activists act in their natural environment. He goes to meetings and rallies planned by PETA over several years. What type of research method is Aidan completing?

Participant Observation

The social-conflict approach draws attention to

Patterns of social inequality

Stanley Milgram's research, in which subjects used a "shock generator" showed that:

People are surprisingly likely to follow the orders of not only "legitimate" authority figures, but also ordinary individuals.

Which of the following most closely conveys the point of the Sapir- Whorf thesis?

People perceive the world through the cultural lens of language

When Charles Horton Cooley used the term "looking glass self" he was referring to the fact that:

People see themselves as they think others see them

What is the independent variable in the following hypothesis? People that own pets have lower blood pressure than people that do not own pets

Pet ownership

Read the 4 statements below. Which of them is NOT found within the American Sociological Association's guidelines for ethical research?

Researchers must always perform their research several times in order to ensure its accuracy.

Which of the following concepts refers to efforts to radically change someone's personality through careful control of the environment?

Resocialization

Joan is an excellent artist and enjoys her work, but feels she cannot devote enough time to her family. She is experiencing

Role conflict

Assume a plant supervisor wishes to be a good friend and a confidant to the workers, but must remain distant to assess the workers performance. Which of the following is involved?

Role strain

The expectations and duties that come attached with a particular status are known

Roles

The assembled students at a university graduation ceremony would correctly be called a

Secondary group

The thomas theorem states that

Situations defined as real in their consequences

A group's efficiency usually declines as its size increases because organizing takes time and __________ increases with group size

Social loafing

Which discipline defines itself as "the systematic study of human society"?

Sociology

Most college students occupy many statuses at one time: Student, employee, citizen, son or daughter and so on. The list of statuses is known as an

Status set

The theoretical approach in sociology that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the:

Structural-functional approach.

Colorado cowboys, the southern California "beach crowd," computer nerds, and wilderness campers all display ______ patterns

Subcultural

Which theoretical approach highlights the fact that it is not so much what people do that matters as much as the meaning they attach to their behavior?

Symbolic- interaction approach

Eating human flesh and sibling sex both qualify as _____ because they are behaviors that members of a group consider as being repugnant and unthinkable

Taboos

Which of the following is every society's most important primary group?

The family

Solomon Asch's reseach, in which subjects were asked to match lines, showed

The power of group membership to generate conformity

By linking specific facts together to create meaning, we create a

Theory.

Which of the following illustrates a micro-level focus?

Two airplane passengers getting to know one another

Expected conformity, especially among teenage friends is known as

peer pressure