Sodium Restricted Diet

Adequate Daily Intake and average consumption per day?

3300 average sodium consumption of Americans a day. DRI for average person 2300mg or less.

Which of the following groups should keep their sodium intake to 1500mg per day?

African Americas Persons 51 years of age or older Individuals with HTN CKD

Lifestyle modifications

a. Decreasing alcohol consumption b. Increasing physical activity if one is sedentary c. Terminating cigarette smoking d. Decreasing sodium intake e. Increasing intake of potassium, magnesium, and calcium

Sources of Sodium in our diets:

a. Most sodium enters our diet as sodium chloride (table salt). b. Sodium occurs naturally in many foods. c. It is also added as salt during the cooking process and right before consumption. Processing of foods.

What information should the nurse give when teaching about the general recommendation for daily sodium intake?

B. The current recommendation is to keep one's sodium intake below 2300mg.

oliguria

Caused by nephritis, shock, injury, bleeding, sudden heart failure or poisoning. Oliguria less than 400 ml of urine per day.

DASH diet

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension! Low in saturated fat, total fat, cholesterol. Rich in fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, poultry, fish, and nuts. low- 1500mg per day of sodium. Reduced amounts of fats, red meats, sweets, sugared beverages.

Acute Kidney Failure

Due to decreased blood supply or nephrotoxicity. Oliguric (trouble urinating), diuretic, and recovery phase.

True of false? Sea salt contains less sodium than table salt?

FALSE. Both contain about 40% sodium per weight. 1 teaspoon = 2,300 mg sodium

Diuretic phase

Increased urine (water, not wastes). Kidney unable to conserve Na and H20. High BUN. a. Both sodium and potassium, the principal electrolytes, may be lost during the diuretic phase or during dialysis. b. Losses should be replaced as needed, depending on urinary volume, serum levels, and frequency of dialysis.

Healthy Alternatives to sodium

Molasses: 125mg of Na Soy Sauce: 879mg Na Teriyaki sauce: 700mg of Na

True or false? Eating foods with high potassium blunts the sodium.

TRUE. the more potassium we eat, the more sodium we pass out through our urine. Reduces risk of choleric disease.

Functions of Sodium

a. Transmission of nerve impulses relies on body sodium levels. b. Sodium has a role in the regulation of body fluid levels in and out of cells. c. Blood pressure and volume are maintained by the characteristics of sodium as the major cation in extracellular fluid.

Most effective means to lowering blood pressure?

a. Weight loss is the most effective means of lowering blood pressure. Weight reduction facilitates lower blood pressure even when it is only a loss of 10-15 lbs.

Sources of sodium to avoid

chips, crackers, pretzels, nuts, canned soups, smoked meats and fish, pickled foods, and lunch meats.