Spanish 2 Chapter 4 part 2

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caerse

to fall down

yo-me caí tú-te caíste Ud.-se cayó Nos-nos caímos Vos-os caísteis Uds-se cayeron

to fall preterite

enfermarse

to get sick

estar resfriado(a)

to have a cold

tener tos

to have a cough

tener un calambre

to have a cramp

lastimarse

to hurt oneself

ponerse

to put on

ponerse una curita/hielo/ungüento

to put on a bandage/ice/ointment

Ponte una curita

to put on a bandaid

ponerse me pongo te pones se pone nos ponemos se ponen

to put on in present

PONERSE - me puse, te pusiste, se puso, nos pusimos, os pusisteis, se pusieron

to put on preterite

estornudar

to sneeze

torcerse (ue) (+ body part)

to sprain, to twist (+ body part)

Quédate en cama

to stay in bed

tomarse unas pastillas

to take some pills

Calentarse(ie), me caliento, te calientas, se calienta, nos calentamos, os calentáis, se calientan

to warm up

calentarse (ie)

to warm up

el dedo del pie

toe

ponerse..

una curita.-> bandaid hielo(a).->ice ungüento.->ointment

la muñeca

wrist

the verb leer also has a stem that ends in a vowel and follows the same pattern as caerse. Construir(to build) has the same third-person endings, but has not accent marks in the other forms.

..

la curita

Band-Aid; adhesive bandage

Me rompí la muñeca cuando me caí de mi caballo. Mi madre me llevó a la sala de emergencias.

I broke my wrist when I fell off my horse. My mother took me to the emergency room.

Me corté el dedo. Ahora lo tengo infectado.

I cut my finger. Now it's infected.

Me corté el dedo del pie caminado por la playa.

I cut my toe walking on the beach.

No me puse el sombrero y me quemé (la piel) con el sol.

I didn't put my hat on and I burned (my skin) in the sun.

Tengo un dolor de cabeza que no se me quita

I have a headache that won't go away.

Tengo el tobillo torcido

I have a twisted ankle

Me lastimé el codo durante el partido. Ahora me duele mucho.

I hurt my elbow during the game. Now it hurts a lot.

Me torcí el tobillo jugando al fútbol. Ahora lo tengo hinchado.

I sprained my ankle playing soccer. Now I have it swollen.

Me torcí el tobillo

I twisted my ankle

Estoy mal. Tengo tos y me duele la garganta.

I'm sick. I have a cough and my throat hurts.

Ahora lo tengo infectado.

Now it's infected

¡Uf! Me di un golpe en la cabeza con la puerta.

Ouch! I hit my head against the door.

Past participles used as adjectives

Past participle can be used as an adjective. You can use it to describe a condition or an injury.

¡Pobrecito(a)! Tómate unas aspirinas y descansa un poco.

Poor thing! Take some aspirin and rest a bit.

¡Pobrecito(a)! Tómate unas aspirinas y descansa un poco.

Poor thing! Take some aspirinas and rest a bit.

Quédate en cama y tómate este jarabe.

Stay in bed and take this cough syrup.

Verbs with reflexive pronouns and direct objects

Use reflexive verbs to talk about someone doing something to himself or herself. Use a reflexive verb with direct object. The reflexive object is often a part of the body. Reflexive pronoun goes before the conjugated verb or attached to the end of a present participle or infinitive. The reflexive pronoun is attached to the end of the verb in affirmative commands and before the verb in negative commands

¿Qué tienes?

What do you have?

¿Qué te pasó?

What happened to you?

¿Qué te pasó?

What happened?

¿Qué tienes?

What's the matter with you?

Preterite of Verbs like Caer

When -er or -ir verbs have a stem that ends in a vowel, the i of the third-person preterite ending changes to y: ió-yó and ieron--yeron. In all other forms the i has written accent mark to how that the i is pronounced as a separate syllable.

tienes que ir al médico

You have to go to the doctor

el tobillo

ankle

el huseo

bone

el cerebro

brain

la mejilla

cheek

construí, construiste, construyó, construimos, construisteis, construyeron

construir (to build) preterite

When used as adjectives, participles must agree with nouns in number and gender. More past participles for conditions or injuries.

cortar-cortado infectar-infectado quemar-quemado vendar-vendado

la oreja

ear

el codo

elbow

las cejas

eyebrows

la uña

fingernail, toenail

darle un calambre

for someone to get a cramp

el corazón

heart

To form the past participle drop the infinitive ending and add -ado to -ar and -ido to -er and -ir verbs

hinchar-hinchado torcer-torcido herir-herido

el hielo

ice

infectado(a)

infected

la rodilla

knee

leí, leíste, leyó, leímos, leísteis, leyeron

leer (to read) preterite

los labios

lips

los pulmones

lungs

el ungüento

ointment

Irregular past participles

romper-roto abrir-abierto

la piel

skin

Estírate antes de hacer ejercicio

stretch before exercising

hinchado(a)

swollen

Tómate unas aspirinas

take some aspirin

Tómate este jarabe

take this cough syrup

el muslo

thigh

vendarse

to bandage, to wrap

tener cuidado

to be careful

estar mal

to be sick

romperse (+ body part)

to break (+ body part)

darse un golpe en..

to bump one's...

quemarse

to burn oneself

resfriarse

to catch a cold

cortarse

to cut oneself


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