Special Senses 1-30

In an emmetropic eye: the real image is right-side up light refraction occurs convex lenses are required for correction the focal point is on the fovea centralis

light refraction occurs the focal point is on the fovea centralis

Second-order neurons for olfaction are located in the: uncus of the limbic system olfactory epithelium olfactory bulb primary olfactory cortex

olfactory bulb

The receptors for olfaction are: specialized nonneural receptor cells in papilla the ends of dendrites of bipolar neurons cilia

the ends of dendrites of bipolar neurons cilia

In far vision: the ciliary muscles contract suspensory fibers are slack the lens is at its thinnest the light rays are nearly parallel

the lens is at its thinnest the light rays are nearly parallel

Nociceptors in the nasal mucosa stimulate the: facial nerve glossopharyngeal nerve olfactory nerve trigeminal nerve

trigeminal nerve

The cornea is nourished by: vitreous humor corneal blood vessels scleral blood vessels aqueous humor

aqueous humor

Movement of the ____________________ membrane triggers bending of hairs of the hair cells in the spiral organ. basilar tympanic vestibular tectorial

basilar

Objects in the periphery of the visual field: can be seen in low light intensity appear fuzzy cannot have their color determined stimulate cones

can be seen in low light intensity appear fuzzy cannot have their color determined

Cranial nerves that are part of the gustatory pathway include: facial hypoglossal glossopharyngeal trigeminal

facial glossopharyngeal

An unequal corneal curvature: can be corrected with concave lenses is a type of astigmatism is treated by transplant results in cataracts

is a type of astigmatism

Convergence: involves transmission of impulses along the abducens nerves is needed for near vision requires contraction of the medial rectus muscles of both eyes can promote eye strain

is needed for near vision requires contraction of the medial rectus muscles of both eyes can promote eye strain

When light strikes the lateral aspect of the left retina, activity increases in the: pretectal nucleus superior colliculus left optic tract right primary visual cortex

left optic tract

Which of the following would be found in the fovea centralis? Bipolar neurons Ganglion neurons Cones Rhodopsin

Cones

The vitreous humor: Contributes to intraocular pressure holds the retina in place helps support the lens is constantly replenished

Contributes to intraocular pressure holds the retina in place helps support the lens

Which cranial nerve controls contraction of the circular smooth muscle of the iris? Oculomotor Abducens Facial Trigeminal

Oculomotor

Removal of a tumor in a woman has necessitated the destruction of the right facial nerve's branch to the lacrimal gland. Which of the following right eye problems will result from the loss of innervation? Sty Reduced lubrication of the conjunctiva Chalazion Lack of lysozyme

Reduced lubrication of the conjunctiva Lack of lysozyme

Which of the following is a space within the membranous labyrinth? Helicotrema Scala media Scala vestibuli Scala tympani

Scalia media

Blockage of which of the following is suspected in glaucoma? Ciliary processes Choroid vessels Scleral venous sinus Retinal blood vessels

Scleral venous sinus

Which of the following parasympathetic responses can be triggered reflexively by the activation of taste receptors? Secretion of Saliva Coughing Gagging Secretion of Gastric Juice

Secretion of Saliva Gagging Secretion of Gastric Juice

Which of the following statements apply to rhodopsin? The concentration of rhodopsin increases in the rods during dark adaptation. Rhodopsin is identical to the visual pigments in the cones. Rhodopsin consists of opsin and retinal. A solution of rhodopsin looks reddish-purple, but becomes colorless after illumination.

The concentration of rhodopsin increases in the rods during dark adaptation Rhodopsin consists of opsin and retinal A solution of rhodopsin looks reddish-purple, but becomes colorless after illumination

Depth perception is due to all of the following factors except which one? The eyes are frontally located. There is partial crossover of the optic nerve fibers at the optic chiasma. Each visual cortex receives input from both eyes. There is total crossover of the optic nerve fibers at the optic chiasma.

There is total crossover of the optic nerve fibers at the optic chiasma

Which structures are contained within the petrous portion of the temporal bone? Tympanic Cavity External Auditory Meatus Stapedius Muscle Mastoid Air Cells

Tympanic Cavity Stapedius Muscle

Receptive fields of the retinal ganglion cells: are found only in the fovea can be subdivided into functionally distinct center and surround regions are equal in size, over the entire retina are smaller in the fovea than in the periphery of the retina

can be subdivided into functionally distinct center and surround regions are smaller in the fovea than in the periphery of the retina

Excitation of a retinal bipolar cell: always results from light striking its photoreceptor cells causes excitation of its ganglion cell can result from excitation of its photoreceptor cells is modified by lateral inhibition

causes excitation of its ganglion cell can result from excitation of its photoreceptor cells is modified by lateral inhibition

he near point of vision: changes due to loss of lens elasticity gets closer with advancing age occurs when the ciliary muscles are totally relaxed occurs when the lens is at its maximum thickness

changes due to loss of lens elasticity occurs when the lens is at its maximum thickness

Refraction can be altered for near or far vision by the: neural layer of the retina vitreous humor ciliary muscles cornea

ciliary muscles

Nonfunctional amacrine granule cells would result in: extremely rapid olfactory adaptation diminished olfactory adaptation anosmia excessive GABA secretion in the olfactory bulb

diminished olfactory adaptation

Vitamin A deficiency lead to depletion of: retinal rhodopsin scotopsin photopsins

retinal rhodopsin

When moving from darkness to bright light: rhodopsin breakdown accelerates visual acuity increases retinal sensitivity declines adaptation inhibits cones

rhodopsin breakdown accelerates visual acuity increases retinal sensitivity declines

Gustatory epithelial cells are: specialized epithelial cells unipolar neurons bipolar neurons multipolar neurons

specialized epithelial cells