Sports Medicine 2 Semester Exam SG
The vagus nerve, cranial nerve ______, is responsible for activities involving the throat and for regulating the heart rate; it also affects the smooth muscle of the digestive tract
"X"
One kilocalorie (kcal) equals _____ calories
1,000
The cranial nerves are______nerves pairs that begin in areas of the brain
12
There are_______ phalanges in the hand
14
One pound of fat equals ____calories
3,500
Obesity=BMI of ____ or greater
30
Jaw fractures are the ____common type of facial fractures
3rd most
It is estimated that ____% of neurologic injuries are created after the initial traumatic event
50%
Each gram of fat contains a little more than twice the calories (___) of carbohydrates and protein
9
The most common mechanism for shoulder dislocation is
Abduction & External rotation
A scratch or cut caused by dirt or some other foreign object can cause a corneal____, a scratch, or a small cut of the cornea of the eye
Abrasion
The ____ jpint is commonly abbreviated simply as the "AC" joint.
Acromioclavicular
The functions of the peripheral nervous system include which of the following?
Act as the reflex center of the body
Through which program can an athlete's cardiovascular endurance can be enhanced the best
Aerobic training
____is the abnormal suppression or absence of mestruation
Amenorrhea
Each protein is a large, complex molecule made up of a string of building blocks called
Amino acids
The _____ holds the radius and ulna together near the elbow joint
Annular ligament
The most comon direction for a shoulder dislocation is
Anterior, or forward
Loss of speech or comprehension
Aphasia
First cervical vertebra that articulates, or is jointed, with the occipital bone of the skull
Atlas
Second cervical vertebra
Axis
Vitamin ____ is present only in meat and dairy foods
B-12
For muscles to gain strength and endurance IT must be stressed
Beyond the demands of previous activity
There are aproximately 1__________ neurons in a human spinal cord
Billion
Aerobic training can increase an athletes _______ endurance
Cardio
Caused by destruction of the underlying cartilage of the outer ear
Cauliflower Ear
Signs of nasal fracture include deformity, swelling, skin laceration, ecchymosis, episaxis, and leakage of ____fluid (CSF)
Cerebrospinal
Results from forced lateral flexion
Cervical nerve syndrome
Middle layer of the eye
Choroid coat
Tube resembling a snail's shell that is related to hearing
Cochlea
This injury refers to a fracture of the radius and ulna that causes the arm to bed into extension at the fracture site
Colles' fracture
____or mild traumatic brain injuries, occur common during sport activities
Concussion
The retina contains pigment and specialized cells known as rods and _____
Cones
The ____is the thin membrane that lines the eyelids an covers part f the eye
Conjuctiva
Includes the brain, skull, and spinal cord attachments
Cranium
Which part of the clavicle is weakest and thus is most commonly fractured?
Distal Third
The outermost layer of the meninges is caled the___
Dura Mater
Travel along the length of nerve cells to initiate an action
Electrical Impulses
_______is the medical term for nosebleed
Epistasis
The sympathetic nervous system is often referred to as the "________ system"
Fight or flight
Spinal cord passes through this opening
Foramen Magnum
The anterior bone that makes up the forehead is called the ______ bone, and it is very strong
Frontal
The humerus articulates with the radius and ulna, forming a____ joint
Hinge
While the deltoid is lifting the arm, it also produces an upward-directed force on the _____
Humerus
The term ___describes bleeding in the anterior chamber (the space between the cornea and the iris) of the eye
Hyphema
Colored part of the eye
Irirs
When a flexion tendon is torn from the distal phlax, is resultin in an inability to straighten the finger, it is called
Jersey finger
An injury that results i separation of the epiphysis at the medial aspect of the humerus in younger athletes is called
Little League Elbow
________ vertebrae are associated with the lower back
Lumbar
Which of the carpal bones is most commonly dislocated
Lunate
When an extensor tendon is torn from the distal phalax, resulting in an instability to straighten the finger, its called
Mallet finger
The jaw is made up of the maxilla and the _____
Mandible
Composed of a soft and hard palate, mucous membranes, and the tongue
Mouth
Is Isometric a type of stretching Y or N
NO
Cessation of function of a nerve in the absence of degenerative changes
Neuropraxia
_____ can be defined as the process by which a living organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and for replacement of tissues
Nutrition
Deep socket in which eye is located
Orbit
A(n) _____ blow-out fracture consists of a fracture of the bones of the eye socked
Orbital
Tennis elbow is a term typically given to chronic inflammation located
Over the lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondylitis and wrist flexor often result in pain that is located
Over the olecranon process
Which of the following best describes boutonniere deformity?
PIP joint felxion and DIP joint hyperextension
Muscles lateral to the spinous processes
Paraspinal
Network of adjacent spinal nerves and veins
Plexus
Unconscious and involuntary
Reflex
Amnesia may take the form of _________ amnesia, in which there is a loss of memory for events that occurred before the injury
Retrograde
The elbow is the ____dislocated major joint in the boy.
Second most frequently
_________ syndrome (SIS) involves rapid swelling and herniation of the brain and after a second head injury that occurs before the symptoms of a previous injury have been resolved
Secondary Impact
The _____ is the most mobile of the upper extremity joints
Shoulder Complex
There are ____food groups in the USDA food pyramid
Six
When doing reconditioning techniques for the lower and upper extremity, what is the pattern that should be followed?
Slow and Progressively
Most common structural defect of the lumbar spine in an athlete
Spondylosis
_____ is a defect in the pars interarticularis of the vertebrae
Spondylosis
If the ligament pulls loose a fragment of bone in the TMJ, its called a _____ fracture
Sprain
_____ is narrowing of the spine
Stenosis
A(n) ____ hematoma develops when bridging cerebral vessels that travel from the brain to the overlying dura are torn
Subdural
Incomplete or partial dislocation
Subluxation
All the cranial bones are joined at immovable joints called..
Sutures
_______ ear is an infection of the sin covering the outer ear canal
Swimmers
Allows the opening and closing of the mouth
TMJ
Which of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle?
Teres Major
The head can be divided into two anatomical groups:
The face and cranium
Like the brain, the spinal cord is submerged in cerebrospinal fluid and is surrounded by the ______ meninges (membranes)
Three
The shoulder joint is a complex ad fascinating area of the human body that includes_____ primary articulation(s)
Three
The_____ helps to stabilize the inside, or medial, aspect of the elbow
Ulnar collateral ligament
When breathing during exercise, you should exhale____ exerting force
While intensity of the workout
A sprain to the medical collateral ligament of the thumb is caled
both b and c
Tendinitis that affectss the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis is commonly known as
de Quervains tendonitis
the power used to work or to produce heat or light
energy
the middle ear contains the eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, and ______tube
eustachian
The head of the humerus fits into the______ , which is part of the scapula
glenoid fossa
Carbs are named for the chemical elements tey are composed of Carbon, hydrogen, and _____
oxygen
When the elbow is dislocated, the ulna most commonly moves _____on the _____bone
posteriorly, humerus
The _____muscle is primarily respoindible for elbow extension, while the ______is primarily responsible for elbow flexion
triceps, biceps