Statistics Test 1

In how many ways can the letters in the word 'Illinois' be arranged? Answer: ____________________

3369 { 8!/(3! x 2!) = 3360}

Evaluate the following expression. 7!

5040

Not shutting off the water in the kitchen sink. Receiving a high water bill. A) Dependent B) Independent

A) Dependent

A coin is tossed 8 times. What is the probability that the number of tails obtained will be at most 3? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

Answer: 93/256 or 0.3633 Step 1: 2^8=256 Step 2: Combination Rule ex. 8!/0!(8-0)! =1 ~ 8!/1!(8-1)! =8 ~ 8!/2!(8-2)! =28 ~ 8!/(3~(8-3)! =56 1 way to have 0 tail(s) 8 ways to have 1 tail(s) 28 ways to have 2 tail(s) 56 ways to have 3 tail(s) 1+8+28+56=93

Your uncle checks the tires of his car every five days for signs of uneven wear and proper inflation A) Meta-Analysis (results of many other people) B) Case Study

B) Case study

A gas station owner wants to find out if using a new cleaning product will reduce staffing costs A) Observational B) Experimental

B) Experimental

A survey of 1385 people revealed that 54% are self-conscious about their weight; therefore it can be assumed that 54% of the U.S. population are self-conscious about their weight A) Descriptive Statistic B) Inferential (inferring) Statistic

B) Inferential Statistic

The heights of 4 out of the 35 okra plants at Mr. Lonardo's greenhouse A) Population B) Sample

B) Sample

The average price of a car at the new car dealership in town is $27,000 A) Population Parameter B) Sample Statistic

B) Sample Statistic

A market researcher surveys fifty consumers by randomly selecting names from the population of a town A) Census B) Simple Random Sampling C) Stratified Sampling D) Cluster Sampling E) Systematic Sampling F) Convenience Sampling

B) Simple Random Sampling (Bias)

Select the graph that best illustrates the following distribution shape: Uniform A) Skewed Right B) Straight across C) Skewed Left D) Uneven across

B) Straight across

In a --- experiment, neither examiners not subjects know whether the subject is in the treatment group or the control group A) single-blind B) double-blind

B) double-blind

A --- appears identical to the actual treatment but contains no intrinsic beneficial elements A) treatment B) placebo

B) placebo

Given the following graph, where the mean is marked, which value best represents the z-score shown? A) z=1.92 B) z=0 C) z=-1.25

B) z=0 (? in center peak)

A market researcher interviews each member from each of the fifteen randomly chosen neighborhoods throughout a city. A) Census B) Simple Random Sampling C) Stratified Sampling D) Cluster Sampling E) Systematic Sampling F) Convenience Sampling

D) Cluster Sampling

A pollster interviews every fifth member from the entire population. A) Census B) Simple Random Sampling C) Stratified Sampling D) Cluster Sampling E) Systematic Sampling F) Convenience Sampling

E) Systematic Sampling

A(n) ____ is a subject who strays from the directions they were given for the study, yet they remain in the sample. A) Informed Consent B) Participation Bias C) Bias D) Non-Sampling Error(s) E) Researcher Bias F) Processing Error(s) G) Sampling Error(s) H) Nonadherent(s) I) Dropout J) Confounding Variable(s)

H) nonadherent(s)

Dave wants to buy a new collar for each of his 3 cats. The collars come in a choice of 9 different colors. Step 1. How many selections of collars for the 3 cats are possible if repetitions of colors are allowed? Answer: ____________________ Step 2. How many selections of collars are possible if repetitions of colors are not allowed? Answer: ____________________

Step 1: 729 (9 x 9 x 9 = 729 or 7^3) Step 2: 504 (9 x 8 x 7 = 504)

Consider the bar graph, which shows the numbers and percentages of bachelor's degrees in engineering and engineering technologies earned by women at U.S. schools. Determine the ratio of the number of men to the number of women earning bachelor's degrees in engineering and engineering technologies in 2000-01. Please enter your answer as decimal number, rounded to two decimal places. Answer: _______________

4.43% (81.6% Male/18.4% Female= 4.43) (Male and Female = 100%)

Suppose that grade point averages of undergraduate students at one university have a bell-shaped distribution with a mean of 2.5 and a standard deviation of 0.42. Using the empirical rule, what percentage of the students have grade point averages that are at least 2.08? Please do not round your answer. Answer: ____________________

84%

What is the probability that a randomly selected person will have a birthday in September? Assume that this person was not born in a leap year. Express your answer as a simplified fraction or a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

6/73 (30/365 = 6/73)

A card is drawn from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. What is the probability that the card will be a heart and not a club? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

1/4 (13/52 = 1/4)

A standard six-sided die is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a number equal to 3? Express your answer as a simplified fraction or a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ___________________

1/6

You are going to play mini golf. A ball machine that contains 19 green golf balls, 24 red golf balls, 20 blue golf balls, and 20 yellow golf balls, randomly gives you your ball. What is the probability that you end up with a green golf ball? Express your answer as a simplified fraction or a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

19/83

A box contains 17 green marbles and 10 white marbles. If the first marble chosen was a white marble, what is the probability of choosing, without replacement, another white marble? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

9/26

The following bar graph shows the Electoral College vote totals for six states. Use this bar graph to answer the questions. Step 1. Find the lowest state Electoral College vote total. Answer: _______________ Step 2. Find the highest state electoral college vote total. Answer: _______________

Step 1: 3 (Alaska) Step 2: 15 (Georgia)

A scientist interviews the first fifteen members to leave. A) Census B) Simple Random Sampling C) Stratified Sampling D) Cluster Sampling E) Systematic Sampling F) Convenience Sampling

F) Convenience Sampling

In order to simplify data collection, a political strategist hand-selects the first five members to arrive to be studied in depth. A) Census B) Simple Random Sampling C) Stratified Sampling D) Cluster Sampling E) Systematic Sampling F) Convenience Sampling

F) Convenience Sampling

Construct a bar graph that represents the following data regarding per game scoring average by NBA player. Name Scoring Eddie Jones 20.1 Mario Elie 7.5 Antonio Davis 11.5 Karl Malone 25.5 Juwan Howard 14.9 Step 1. Determine the missing value on the vertical axis represented by [?]. Answer: _______________ Step 2. Determine the missing value on the vertical axis represented by [?]. Answer: _______________ Step 3. Create the bar representing the data for Karl Malone. Step 4. Create the bar representing the data for Juwan Howard. Step 5. Complete the bar graph by labeling the remaining bars.

Step 1: 20 Step 2: 15 Step 3: 25.5 Step 4: 14.9 Step 5: A) Mario Elie B) Antonio Davis C) Eddie Jones

Consider the following data. -7,7,9,-7,7,9 Step 1. Determine the mean of the given data. Answer: ____________________ Step 2. Determine the median of the given data. Answer: ____________________ Step 3. Determine if the data set is unimodal, bimodal, multimodal, or has no mode. Identify the mode(s), if any exist. Answer: ____________________

Step 1: 3 Step 2: 7 Step 3: No Mode

You need to have a password with 4 letters followed by 3 even digits between 0 and 9, inclusive. If the characters and digits cannot be used more than once, how many choices do you have for your password? Answer: ____________________

21528000 (26 x 25 x 24 x 23 x 5 x 4 x 3 = 21528000)

Describe the complement of the given event. 73% of graduates at a local high school are attending college out-of-state. Answer: ____________________

27%

Choosing a heart or a spade out of a standard deck of cards. A) Mutually Exclusive B) Not Mutually Exclusive

A) Mutually Exclusive

The annual salaries of ALL the parents of your classmates A) Population B) Sample

A) Population

Classify the following graph as a cross-sectional study or a time-series study. A) Time-series study B) Cross-sectional study

A) Time-series study

Graphs can have more impact than text, lists or tables. A) True B) False

A) True

Results sometimes produce flawed conclusions which can be a form of ____. A) Informed Consent B) Participation Bias C) Bias D) Non-Sampling Error(s) E) Researcher Bias F) Processing Error(s) G) Sampling Error(s) H) Nonadherent(s) I) Dropout J) Confounding Variable(s)

C) Bias

If the standard deviation of a data set is zero, then all entries in the data must equal zero. A) False; the standard deviation can never be zero because it measures the distance from the mean and distances are always greater than zero. B) True; since the standard deviation is equal to the mean, all the data values must be zero. C) False; if the standard deviation is zero, then all of the data values are equal to the mean. D) True; since the standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the data are, a standard deviation of zero means that all data values must be zero.

C) False SD can be zero

Find the mean, median, and mode of the following data. If necessary, round to one more decimal place than the largest number of decimal places given in the data. MLB Batting Averages 0.275 0.319 0.314 0.280 0.288 0.314 0.295 0.296 0.317 0.276 0.274 0.289 0.295 0.276 0.275 0.296 0.311 0.289 0.283 0.312 Mean: ____________ Median: ___________ A) Mode: ____________ B) No mode

Mean: 0.2937 Median: 0.2920 Mode: (6) 0.275, 0. 314, 0.296, 0.295, 0.289, 0.276

For the graph shown (skewed right), determine which letter represents the mean, the median, and the mode. Letters may be used more than once. Mean =_______________ Median =_______________ Mode =_______________

Mean: B) far left (bottom) Median: A) middle (middle) Mode: C) far right (top of peak)

Mean, median, or mode? State your reasoning. The color of car preferred by American males Answer: ____________________

Mode

Fifty people were asked to respond to a survey question regarding how frequently they used their credit card. The categories they were asked to choose from are given below: 1) Infrequently 2) Sometimes 3) Frequently Are these data qualitative or quantitative? Are these data discrete, continuous (any value), or neither? What is the highest level of measurement the data possesses? A) Nominal (blue vs. green) B) Ordinal C) Interval (0 does not make sense) D) Ratio (0 means something)

Qualitative Neither Ordinal

The Temperature in Fahrenheit of a U.S. city each day for a month. Are these data qualitative or quantitative? Are these data discrete, continuous (any value), or neither? What is the highest level of measurement the data possesses? A) Nominal (blue vs. green) B) Ordinal C) Interval (0 does not make sense) D) Ratio (0 means something)

Quantitative Continuous Interval

Calculate the range, population variance, and population standard deviation for the following data set. If necessary, round to one more decimal place than the largest number of decimal places given in the data. 7,11,16,9,19,12,5,17,16,13 Range: _______________ Population Variance: _______________ Population Standard Deviation: _______________

Range: 14 (19-5 = 14) (Highest # - Lowest #) Pop Variance: 18.9 ~ 18.85 Pop SD: 4.3

Consider the following frequency table representing the scores on a test. Scores on a Test Class Frequency 20-31 11 32-43 2 44-55 8 56-67 7 68-79 8 Step 1. Determine the lower class boundary for the fourth class. Answer: ____________________ Step 2. Determine the upper class boundary for the second class. Answer: ____________________ Step 3. Determine the class width of each class. Answer: ____________________ Step 4. Choose the interval that contains the score, 61.7. A) 20-31 B) 32-43 C) 44-55 D) 56-67 E) 68-79 Step 5. Determine the number of scores between 19.5 and 79.5. Answer: ____________________

Step 1: 55.5 Step 2: 43.5 Step 3: 12 Step 4: D) 56-67 Step 5: 36

Consider the following sets of sample data: A: 20,468, 22,263, 20,909, 20,787, 21,489, 20,528, 20,403, 21,604, 21,705, 21,647, 21,517, 21,526, 21,922, 21,624 B: 3.14, 3.36, 3.94, 4.36, 2.95, 4.53, 3.09, 3.38, 3.10, 3.02, 3.37 Step 1. For each of the above sets of sample data, calculate the coefficient of variation, CV. Round to one decimal place. CV for Data Set A: _______________% CV for Data Set B: _______________% Step 2. Which of the above sets of sample data has the larger spread? A) Data Set A B) Data Set B

Step 1: A) 2.7% B) 15.8% Step 2: B)

Consider the following frequency table representing distribution of hours students watch tv in a week. Hours Students Watch TV in a Week Class Frequency 2-10 8 11-19 3 20-28 9 29-37 2 38-46 12 Step 1. Determine the relative frequency for the fifth class as a simplified fraction. Answer: ____________________ Step 2. Determine the relative frequency for the third class as a simplified fraction. Answer: ____________________

Step 1: 12/34 = 6/17 Step 2: 9/34

Construct a histogram that represents the following data regarding the selling prices of houses sold in 2006 for a particular neighborhood. Prices of Houses Class Frequency 133062 - 173061 4 173062 - 213061 9 213062 - 253061 7 253062 - 293061 5 293062 - 333061 7 Step 1. Find the lower class boundary for the second class. Answer: ____________________ Step 2. Find the upper class boundary for the third class. Answer: ____________________ Step 3. Find the value that should be written at the location indicated by the [?] on the vertical axis of the graph. Answer: ____________________ Step 4. Find the value that should be written at the location indicated by the [?] on the horizontal axis of the graph. Answer: ____________________ Step 5. Draw the bars for each of the classes in the histogram.

Step 1: 173061.5 Step 2: 253061.5 Step 3: 6 Step 4: 253061.5 Step 5: A) 133062-173062 = 4 B)173062-213061 = 9 C)213062-253061 = 7 D)253062-293061 = 5 E)293062-333061 = 7

The following histogram shows the prices of houses in Gallipoli County, Florida. Use this histogram to answer the questions. Step 1. Find the number of the class containing the smallest number of house prices (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6). Answer: ____________________ Step 2. Find the lower class limit of the fifth class. Answer: ____________________ Step 3. Find the class width for this histogram. Answer: ____________________ Step 4. Find the number of houses being represented in this histogram. Answer: ____________________ Step 5. Find the percentage of houses with prices lower than $225,000.50. Round your answer to the nearest percent. Answer: ___________________

Step 1: 2 Step 2: 275,001 Step 3: 50,000 Step 4: 1090 Step 5: 46% or 66% (233+92+179+217)/1090 = 721/1090 = 66% or 46%?

Donna is looking into investing a portion of her recent bonus into the stock market. While researching different companies, she discovers the following standard deviations of one year of daily stock closing prices. Perfect Plungers Plus: Standard deviation of stock prices = $1.15 Masterful Pocketwatches: Standard deviation of stock prices = $9.73 Based on the data and assuming these trends continue, which company would give Donna a stable long-term investment? A) Perfect Plungers Plus; the smaller standard deviation indicates that Perfect Plungers Plus has a greater mean closing price than Masterful Pocketwatches. B) Masterful Pocketwatches; the larger standard deviation indicates that Masterful Pocketwatches has less variability in its closing prices than Perfect Plungers Plus. C) Perfect Plungers Plus; the smaller standard deviation indicates that Perfect Plungers Plus has less variability in its closing prices than Masterful Pocketwatches. D) Masterful Pocketwatches; the larger standard deviation indicates that Masterful Pocketwatches has a greater mean closing price than Perfect Plungers Plus.

C)

First, the population is subdivided by class. Then a college student uses a random number generator to select five members from each class to study. A) Census B) Simple Random Sampling C) Stratified Sampling D) Cluster Sampling E) Systematic Sampling F) Convenience Sampling

C) Stratified Sampling

The Pizza Pie 'N Go sells about 2200 one-topping pizzas each month. The circle graph displays the most requested one-topping pizzas, by percentage, for one month. Step 1. Find the number of ham pizzas sold each month. Round your answer to the nearest integer. Answer: ____________________ Step 2. Find the number of ground beef pizzas sold each month. Round your answer to the nearest integer. Answer: ____________________ Step 3. Find the number of bell pepper pizzas sold each month. Round your answer to the nearest integer. Answer: ____________________ Step 4. Find the number of onion pizzas sold each month. Round your answer to the nearest integer. Answer: ____________________ Step 5. Find the number of anchovy pizzas sold each month. Round your answer to the nearest integer. Answer: ____________________

Step 1: 462 (2200 x 21% = 462) Step 2: 484 (2200 x 22% = 484) Step 3: 242 (2200 x 11% = 242) Step 4: 616 (2200 x 28% = 616) Step 5: 396 (2200 x 18% = 396)

Out of 450 applicants for a job, 249 are female and 59 are female and have a graduate degree. Step 1. What is the probability that a randomly chosen applicant has a graduate degree, given that they are female? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________ Step 2. If 116 of the applicants have graduate degrees, what is the probability that a randomly chosen applicant is female, given that the applicant has a graduate degree? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

Step 1: 59/249 Step 2: 59/116

The following line graph shows the per game scoring averages for Rick Fox from the 1994 NBA season to the 1999 NBA season. Use the line graph to answer the questions. Step 1. Find the lowest per game scoring average for the six seasons shown. Answer: _______________ Step 2. Find the highest per game scoring average for the six seasons shown. Answer: _______________

Step 1: 6.5 Step 2: 15.4

The mean salary at a local industrial plant is $28,600 with a standard deviation of $5300. The median salary is $25,700 and the 64th percentile is $29,700. Step 1. Based on the given information, determine if the following statement is true or false. Approximately 64% of the salaries are above $29,700. A) True B) False Step 2. Based on the given information, determine if the following statement is true or false. Joe's salary of $34,430 is 1.10 standard deviations above the mean. A) True B) False Step 3. Based on the given information, determine if the following statement is true or false. The percentile rank of $25,800 is 50. A) True B) False Step 4. Based on the given information, determine if the following statement is true or false. Approximately 14% of the salaries are between $25,700 and $29,700. A) True B) False Step 5. If Tom's salary has a z-score of 0.6, how much does he earn (in dollars)? Answer: ___________________

Step 1: B) False Step 2: A) True Step 3: B) False Step 4: B) False Step 5: 31,780 (p. 883)

User passwords for a certain computer network consist of 2 letters followed by 3 numbers. How many different passwords are possible? Repetition is allowed. Answer: ____________________

676000 (26 x 26 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 676000)

Errors in a study resulting from the way the sample was chosen are called ____. A) Informed Consent B) Participation Bias C) Bias D) Non-Sampling Error(s) E) Researcher Bias F) Processing Error(s) G) Sampling Error(s) H) Nonadherent(s) I) Dropout J) Confounding Variable(s)

G) Sampling Error(s)

You are getting a line-up ready for a school kickball game. You have 5 girls and 5 boys. The rules state each child must kick the same number of times and alternate girl-boy or boy-girl. How many ways can a line-up be made for one round of kicking? Answer: ____________________

28800 (10 x 5 x 4 x 4 x 3 x 3 x 2 x 2 x 1 x 1 = 28800)

Malachi has just received his monthly credit card statement. He placed 8 charges on his card in the last month with a mean of $39.74 per charge. He knows that 7 of the charges were as follows: $34.82,$36.46,$39.02,$42.98,$40.22,$40.61,$42.75 Determine the amount of the 8th charge. Answer: ____________________

41.06

A mail order company classifies its customers by gender and location of residence. The research department has gathered data from a random sample of 1870 customers. The data is summarized in the table below. Gender and Residence of Customers Residence Males Females Apartment 229 151 Dorm 197 165 With Parent(s) 187 172 Sorority/Fraternity House 227 240 Other 54 248 What is the probability that a customer is female and lives in 'Other' or is female and lives in a dorm? Express your answer as a fraction or a decimal number rounded to four decimal places. Answer: ____________________

413/1870

You decide to record the hair colors of people leaving a lecture at your school. What is the probability that the next person who leaves the lecture will have black hair? Express your answer as a simplified fraction or a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Blonde Red Brown Black Gray 20 45 21 44 33 Answer: ____________________

44/163

Suppose that shoe sizes of American women have a bell-shaped distribution with a mean of 8.42 and a standard deviation of 1.52. Using the empirical rule, what percentage of American women have shoe sizes that are between 6.9 and 9.94? Answer: ____________________

67.5%

The following data describes percentage of satisfied customers at Burger Barn. Complete the frequency table for this data. 96.5, 99.4, 96.7, 93.6, 96.5, 99.2, 90.5, 95.8, 91.9, 99.3, 94.9, 91.2, 92.4, 90.4, 95.9, 97.5, 97.5, 95.0 Determine the frequency of each class in the table shown. CLASS 1) 90.0-91.9 2) 92.0-93.9 3) 94.0-95.5 4) 96.0-97.9 5) 98.0-99.9

Frequency 1) 4 2) 2 3) 4 4) 5 5) 3