stress management test 1
Identify the ways in which aldosterone increases blood pressure. (Select all that apply.)
-By decreasing urine production -By increasing sodium retention
Identify the components of the subcortex.
- Medulla oblongata - Cerebellum - Pons - Diencephalon
Identify the components of the endocrine system.
- Pancreas - Pituitary gland - Thyroid gland
Eustress example
A job promotion
How does aldosterone raise blood pressure?
By increasing blood volume
Which of the following statements best describes muscular bracing?
It can lead to numerous states of poor health, such as tension headaches and backaches.
How is the adrenal medulla activated?
It is activated through a direct nerve connection from the posterior portion of the hypothalamus.
cerebral cortex function
It is responsible for thinking functions.
Subcortex function
It is responsible for various physiological processes necessary to stay alive.
Systolic blood pressure
It is the amount of pressure on the arterial walls when blood is pumped from the heart.
Diastolic blood pressure
It is the pressure of blood against the walls of the arteries when the heart is relaxed.
Which among the following statements best describes the fight-or-flight response?
It refers to the body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol.
______are the outcomes of stress reactivity and may be physical, psychological, or behavioral.
Strains
What is the rationale of the theory of stress developed by Holmes and Rahe?
The frequency of stressful experiences determines the level of stress.
The part of the adrenal gland that secretes corticoids is called the
adrenal cortex
The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines is called the
adrenal medulla
Which of the following is a behavioral strain?
alcohol abuse
Cerebellum does what?
coordinates body movement
Walter Cannon was the researcher who first identified stress reactions as the _____
fight-or-flight response
The ability to interact well with people and the environment is known as _____ health.
social
The fight-or-flight response is termed
stress reactivity
what is a stressor
A stimulus that has the potential to trigger a fight-or-flight response
Which among the following statements best describes the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome?
During this phase, the body shows the changes characteristic of the first exposure to a stressor.
Which of the following involves getting a patient to remember and discuss an event that precipitated the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) until the actual event seems less frightening and symptoms subside?
Exposure therapy
What was A. T. W. Simeons's view on the relationship between the development of the human brain and stress?
He believed that the human brain had failed to develop at the pace needed to respond to symbolic stressors of twentieth-century life.
Sympathetic nervous system does what to RR?
Increases RR
True or false: According to Hans Selye, eustress and distress are both experienced the same physiologically.
true
Which among the following statements best illustrates the social support theory of stress?
Jack, who is experiencing stress, is comforted by his friends.
During the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome, when does resistance ensue?
Resistance ensues if continued exposure to the stressor is compatible with adaptation.
Cortisol
Responsible for an increase in blood glucose
Aldosterone
Responsible for an increase in blood pressure
Which of the following controls basic body processes such as hormone balance, temperature, and the constriction and dilation of blood vessels?
The autonomic nervous system
During the exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome, what happens if the body is exposed to the same stressor for long?
The body adjusts, but eventually the adaptation energy is exhausted.
Distress example
The death of a loved one
Subcortex
The lower part of the brain
Cerebral cortex
The upper part of the brain
Which of the following is a sociological stressor?
Unemployment
Which of the following is a philosophical stressor?
Use of time
When does the adrenal cortex secrete glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids? Multiple choice question.
When the anterior hypothalamus releases corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), and the pituitary then releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Muscle tension that is unnecessary is called
bracing
According to Kobasa, if people perceive potentially stressful events as a Blank______, less stress will result.
challenge instead as of a threat
The most common talk therapy is _____, the goal of which is for a patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to perceive fear more realistically and as less of a threat.
cognitive behavior therapy
Parasympathetic nervous system responsible for what
conserving energy
what body system includes all the glands that secrete hormones.
endocrine system
In coping with stress, females tend to:
exhibit nurturing activities
Sympathetic nervous system responsible for what
expending energy
The major purpose of aldosterone is to increase blood pressure so that
food and oxygen can be transported to the active parts of the body
The electrodermal response or the electrical conductance of the skin is called
galvanic skin response
Hans Selye termed the stress reactivity process as the
general adaptation syndrome
Buffering between stress and the development of illness and disease is termed
hardiness
The _____ is the primary activator of the autonomic nervous system.
hypothalamus
The unusable food substances are transported through small intestine to the
large intestine
Stress management is important since researchers have found that a lot of stress
leads to illness
The combination of a stressor, stress reactivity, and strain is known as
stress
Factors that have a potential to cause stress are called
stressors
Hans Selye conducted a detailed study on the physiological response to stress by exposing rats to stressors and concluded that
the body reacted in the same manner regardless of the source of the stress
Diencephalon
Regulates emotions
Which of the following is an environmental stressor?
Toxin
Which of the following are true of the stress theory developed by Holmes and Rahe?
1. Stress occurs when a situation requires more resources than are available. 2. Stress increases when there are more frequent disturbing life events.
In the context of Hans Selye's experiment on the physiological response to stress, identify the bodily changes observed in the rats exposed to stressors.
1. a substantial enlargement of the cortex of the adrenal glands 2. an almost total disappearance of eosinophil cells 3. bleeding ulcers in the lining of the stomach and duodenum
Which of the following is a stress-related hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that activates the autonomic nervous system?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Parasympathetic nervous system does what to RR?
Decreases RR
strain
Physical, psychological, or behavioral consequences such as headache due to change physiological changes
stress reactivity
Physiological changes such as increased muscle tension and blood pressure due to a stimulus
Medulla oblongata does what?
Regulates heartbeat, respiration, and other such physiological processes
Pons do what?
Regulates sleep cycle
what cells are part of the immune system that destroy mutant cells prior to their multiplying.
T-lymphocytes
Which of the following is a physical strain?
Tension headache
Which of the following is a component of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses from other parts of the nervous system to the cerebral cortex?
Thalamus