Stress Management Test 1

Which of the following lists the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome in the order of their occurrence? A) Alarm reaction, stage of exhaustion, and stage of resistance B) Alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion C) Stage of resistance, alarm reaction, and stage of exhaustion D) Stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion, and alarm reaction

Alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion

Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex and is responsible for: A) the growth of fat cells B) an increase in blood glucose C) the secretion of saliva D) aggressive behavior

An increase in blood glucose

Which of the following terms is defined as a relaxation technique that involves a sensation of heaviness, warmth, and tingling in the limbs? A) Autogenic training B) Progressive relaxation C) Bracing D) Neuromuscular relaxation

Autogenic training

§ WBC that is part of humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system § Secrete antibodies

B cells

Which of the following pioneers studied transcendental meditation and developed a similar meditative technique that was successfully employed to help reduce his patients' levels of high blood pressure? A)Gary Schwartz B)Daniel Goleman C)Herbert Benson D)Thomas Budzynski

C)Herbert Benson

o neuropeptides and Molecules of Emotion - DISCOVERED OPIATE RECEPTORS

Candace Pert

The cumulative biological wear and tear that results from responses to stress that seek to maintain body equilibrium is known as: A) hardiness. B) hassle. C) biofeedback. D) allostatic load.

D) allostatic load.

Short term stress

acute stress

acute and chronic stress produce dendritic growth in the neurons in here, emotions

amygdala

The contraction of muscles for no obvious purpose is called: A) bracing. B) self-contracting. C) meditation. D) relaxation.

bracing

headaches/backaches and longer term storage of stressful events in the tissues

bracing

heart, blood, blood vessels to other parts of the body and organs Hypothalamus signals pituitary to release oxytocin and vasopressin- contraction of smooth muscles=constriction in the walls of the blood vessels Heart pumps out more volume and force of contraction is greater

cardiovascular system

long term stress.

chronic stress

The primary glucocorticoid is:

cortisol

stress hormone, decreases and reacts the dendritic growth in the hippocampus area

cortisol

The goal of stress management is to A) eliminate all forms of stress from life. B) limit the harmful effects of stress while maintaining life's quality and vitality. C) make life happy and easy by experiencing as little stress as possible. D) All of the answers are correct.

limit the harmful effects of stress while maintaining life's quality and vitality.

pleasure transmitter, chemical messenger from a nerve cell that transmits an impulse from a nerve cell to another nerve, organ, muscle, or other tissue.

neurotransmitters

Which of the following is the part if the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy? A) the sympathetic system B) the parasympathetic system C) the endocrine system D) the reticular activating system

parasympathetic nervous system

Use of time and purpose in life are examples of _____ stressors. A) environmental B) psychological C) sociological D) philosophical

philosophical

Unemployment and the death of a loved one are examples of _____ stressors. A) environmental B) psychological C) sociological D) philosophical

sociological

o Apoplexy - lack of oxygen to the brain because of a rupture from one of the vessels that goes to the brain. o Impact is dependent on where the rupture occurred in the brain. Paralysis, speech, memory... o Recovery depends on extent.

stroke

Distress is defined as:

the bad things to which we must adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction.

Eustress is defined as:

the good things to which we have to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction.

The part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" that stress is present is called:

the hippocampus

The degree to which the seven dimensions of health are in balance is called: A) eustress. B) wellness. C) spirituality. D) coping.

wellness

Which of the following occurs in the alarm reaction phase of the general adaptation syndrome? A)Resistance rises above normal. B)Resistance ensues if continued exposure to the stressor is compatible with adaptation. C)Following long-continued exposure to the same stressor, to which the body becomes adjusted, adaptation energy is eventually exhausted. D)The body shows the changes characteristic of the first exposure to a stressor.

D)The body shows the changes characteristic of the first exposure to a stressor.

True or Flase Men and women generally tend to respond to stress in very similar ways.

False

Which of the following dimensions of health can be defined as the ability of the body to function daily with energy remaining to respond to emergencies? A) Physical health B) Occupational health C) Spiritual health D) Mental health

Physical Health

Which of the following terms is defined as a relaxation technique that involves contracting and relaxing muscle groups throughout the body? A) Autogenic training B) Progressive relaxation C) Autohypnotic relaxation D) Transcendental meditation

Progressive Relaxation

Depression and threats to self-esteem are examples of _____ stressors. A)environmental B)psychological C)sociological D)philosophical

Psychological

The fight-or-flight response is termed A) stress disorder. B) stress reactivity. C) autoimmune response. D) self-preservation.

Stress Reactivity

§ WBC that is part of the cell-mediated immunity component adaptive immune system § Regulate immune response or directly attack infected cell

T cells

True or False According to hardiness theory, if you perceive potentially stressful events as a challenge instead of as a threat, less stress will result.

True

True or False People who have learned stress management skills often respond to a greater degree to a stressor but return to their resting heart rate sooner than those not trained in stress management.

True

True or False Richard Lazarus, Anita DeLongis, and their colleagues have found that everyday hassles are even more detrimental to one's health than major life changes.

True

True or False Stress can be useful, stimulating, and welcome.

True

True or False Stress causes a decrease in saliva production and an increase in hydrochloric acid in the stomach

True

True or False The longer our physiology varies from its baseline measures and the greater the variance from the baseline, the more likely we are to experience ill effects from its stress reactivity

True

True or False Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe showed that the more significant the changes in someone's life, the greater the chance of the onset of illness.

True

True or False Progressive relaxation is sometimes termed neuromuscular relaxation.

True

True or False: A stressor is something with the potential to cause a stress reaction.

True

True or False: The longer our physiology varies from its baseline measures and the greater the variance from that baseline, the more likely we are to experience ill effects from this stress reactivity.

True

According to Johan Denollet's research, which of the following types of personalities is related to coronary heart disease? A) Type A B) Type C C) Type D D) Type B

Type D

Many researchers have found that the relationship between stress and illness can be plotted on a(n): A)T-shaped curve. B)S-shaped curve. C)U-shaped curve. D)L-shaped curve.

U-Shaped curve

o Fissures or cuts in the stomach lining o Many theories about how stress specifically causes this - ie. Norepinephrine secretions and its relationship to mucous production vs. the presence of bacteria o Also, the impact of aspirin, Advil, Motrin, naproxen on the stomach (they promote bleeding)

ULCERS

The noted physiologist who was employed at Harvard Medical School and who first described the body's reaction to stress was: A) Lawrence LeShan. B) Carl Simonton. C) Walter Cannon. D) George Engel.

Walter Cannon

fight or flight response 1932

Walter Cannon

outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain

cerebral cortex

the upper part of the brain responsible for thinking functions is called the:

cerebral cortex

Which of the following statements defines the endocrine system? A) it is part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex. B) it is a system of the body that is comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions. C) it is a system of the body that produces emotions in response to physical and physiological signals. D) it is a network of nerves that connects the mind and the body

it is a system of the body that is comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions.

The system that produces emotions, which is also known as the "seat of emotions," is called the:

limbic system

When a ________ invades the body - it should be consumed by phagocytes (macrophages) - they surround it and call for help (T cells) who identify the problem and stimulate production of B cells. B cells produce the antibodies to attacks the virus or tags it for attack by other cells/chemicals.

pathogen

o Psychogenic refers to a physical disease caused by emotional stress- i.e. asthma where there is no invasion of a microorganism o Somatogenic disease - when the mind increases the body's susceptibility to disease causing microbes i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, some cancers...

psychosomatic

The series of bodily changes that are the opposite of the stress reaction is called the: A)autoimmune response. B)galvanic skin response. C)fight-or-flight response. D)relaxation response.

relaxation response

When a pathogen invades the body - it should be consumed by___

Phagocytes

The network of nerves that connects the mind and the body is called the:

Reticular activating system

the lower part of the brain responsible for various physiological processes necessary to stay alive

Sub cortex

jawbone

TMJ

relays sensory impulses from other parts of the nervous system to the cerebral cortex.

Thalamus

Identify a feature of the second stage of the general adaptation syndrome. A) The bodily signs characteristic of the alarm reaction virtually disappear, and resistance rises above normal. B) The body shows the changes characteristic of the first exposure to a stressor. C) Following long-continued exposure to the same stressor, to which the body becomes adjusted, adaptation energy is eventually exhausted. D) The signs of the alarm reaction reappear, but now they are irreversible.

The bodily signs characteristic of the alarm reaction virtually disappear, and resistance rises above normal.

According to the _____ theory developed by Kobasa and her colleagues, less stress will result if you perceive potentially stressful events as a challenge instead of a threat. A) hardiness B) social support C) life-events D) allostatic load

hardiness

the ability to endure difficult conditions

hardiness

memory, the dentate gyrusplays role in memory of sequences of eventsconstantly producing new neurons

hippocampus

systolic and diastolic blood pressure 120/80 is normal (Top: amount of pressure of blood leaving the heart and going to body, Bottom: amount of pressure of blood going back into your heart)

hypertension

activates autonomic nervous system

hypothalamus

When you encounter a stressor, the sympathetic nervous system regulates the body to:

increase mental activity

Stress and Cancer 1965

lawrence LeShan

True or False Shelly Taylor found that males are more likely to use social connections to cope with stressful events than are females.

False

True or False Tension headaches and backaches are psychological strains that stem from stress reactivity occurring when contemplating that experience.

False

Which of the following is characteristic of the third phase of the general adaptation syndrome? A) The bodily signs characteristic of the alarm reaction virtually disappear, and resistance rises above normal. B) The body shows the changes characteristic of the first exposure to a stressor. C) Following long-continued exposure to the same stressor, to which the body becomes adjusted, adaptation energy is eventually exhausted. D) Resistance ensues if continued exposure to the stressor is compatible with adaptation.

Following long-continued exposure to the same stressor, to which the body becomes adjusted, adaptation energy is eventually exhausted.

The physiological responses to stress 1956

Han Seyle

o Body system that helps protect us against disease o White blood cells - fall into 3 groups § Phagocytes § T cells (lymphocytes) § B cells (lymphocytes)

Immune System

o Has become more prevalent or is it that we now have been able to recognize it? o Characteristics of those successful in managing this: strong relationships, personal faith, hope, sense of humor, not dwelling on the past. trauma began "out there" now played out inside the body

PTSD

Which of the following dimensions of health is known as the ability to learn and grow intellectually? A) Social health B) Occupational health C) Spiritual health D) Mental health

Mental Health

o constriction and dilation of the carotid artery on one side of the head.

Migraine headaches

Which of the following dimensions of health is defined as a healthy, supportive setting in which to function? A) Social health B) Occupational health C) Environmental health D) Mental health

Occupational Health

The part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation if emotions is called the

diencephalon

serves as a reward for the brain, creates a sense of euphoria

dopamine

Comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions.

endocrine system

Toxins, heat, and cold are examples of _____ stressors. A)environmental B)psychological C)sociological D)philosophical

environmental

stress hormone

epinephrine

True or False A stressor will always elicit a stress reaction and strain.

false

True or False Hans Selye was unable to specify which changes in the body's physiology resulted from stress.

false

The body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol is known as the:

fight-or-flight response

The body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol is known as the: A) fight-or-flight response B) relaxation response C) alarm reaction D) autoimmune response

fight-or-flight response