structures of human eye and their functions (kssm form 3)

pupil

allows light to enter the eye

choroid

black layer that prevents reflection of light to the eyes and supplies oxygen and energy to the eyes

ciliary muscles

change the thickness of the lense

iris

controls the size of the pupil

eye lense

focuses light onto the retina

suspensory ligaments

hold the eye lense

retina

layer containing photoreceptor which detects light and produce nerve impulses

vitreous humor

maintains the shape of the eye

optic nerve

nerve fibres that carry nerve impulses from the retina to the brain to be interpreted

yellow spot

part of the retina which is most sensitive to light as it has many photoreceptors

blind spot

part of the retina which is not sensitive to light as there are no photoreceptors

sclera

protects and maintains the shape of the eye

aqueous humour

refracts and focuses light onto the retina

cornea

refracts and focuses light onto the retina

conjunctiva

transparent membrane that protect the cornea