Study of Alcohol use first exam
Following prohibition, per capital consumption increased by:
50%
What percent of people stop drinking on their own (no AA or rehab)?
52%
What are the heaviest drinking ages?
18-30
When was Prohibition in effect?
1920-1933
Public inebriation was a crime until:
1971
Alcohol consumption peaked in the:
1980s
What year started the decline in per capita consumption due to changes in age distribution?
1997
What is the drinking age in the US?
21
What percent of Americans do not use alcohol at all?
30%
What is the alcohol content of 86-proof bourbon?
43%
Historically, cannabis was known in:
China as early as 3000 BCE
All drinking problems can be considered _____ or _____
chronic or acute
Methanol can cause:
blindness
Which of the following organs is most sensitive to the acute effects of alcohol?
brain
What does alcohol overdose cause?
coma, death, decreased levels of serotonin (increases dopamine)
Individuals working full-time are more likely to _____ alcohol, not overuse
consume
In 1997, alcohol consumption:
declined
Drinking large amounts of alcohol within a very short period of time can lead to all of the following EXCEPT: coma death decreased levels of serotonin decreased levels of dopamine
decreased levels of dopamine
The Harrison Act:
defined some drugs as controlled substances.
Less alcohol is metabolized in women's stomach. This is the primary reason for:
differences in short term differences ?
What is the chemical name for alcohol safe for human consumption?
ethanol
18 is considered the legal drinking age. T/F?
false
About 90% of American adults consume alcohol. T/F?
false
Alcohol is a stimulant. T/F?
false
Body fat absorbs alcohol. T/F?
false
Digestion must occur before the effects of alcohol can be felt. T/F?
false
Prohibition banned the possession of alcoholic beverages. T/F?
false
Those who use drugs and those who use alcohol are distinct populations. T/F?
false
building breweries in developing countries contributes to the growth and development of these countries. T/F?
false
Are male or female heavy drinkers more likely to develop liver disease?
female heavy drinkers
Methanol is toxic when ingested due to formation of:
formaldehyde and formic acid
If an individual who drinks alcohol has not been eating well, he or she may experience weakness, sweating, headache, and tremor because of the inadequate amount of _____ present in the liver
glycogen
What is the central goal of alcohol policy?
harm reduction
What is the new term for excessive use?
hazardous use
Chronic alcohol use will impair the:
immune system
Alcohol use increases with:
income
Statistically, within the US population, the proportion of drinkers increases as _____ increases
income
Tobacco use was:
initially popularized by cigar users OR preferred in powdered form among the European upper classes ???
A heavy drinker with the same BAC as a less experienced drinker will appear to be:
less intoxicated due to tolerance
What percent of Americans consume 50% of alcohol?
less than 7%
What is the first organ to metabolize alcohol?
liver
Which of the following organs handles the first step in alcohol metabolism?
liver and stomach
What happens to someone who doesn't eat before drinking?
low glycogen can cause ill-tremor, headaches
The person who has drank alcohol more rapidly will have a _____ level of functioning than someone with the same BAC who has consumed it slowly
lower
What is the new term for moderate use?
lower-risk use
Which phrase is suggested by The Who to characterize the drinking style attributed to social or moderate drinkers?
lower-risk use
What type of alcohol is toxic when ingested?
methanol
What is produced by alcohol's depressant effects?
mild delirium
Does digestion have to occur to feel the effects of alcohol?
no
Does exercise speed metabolization of alcohol?
no
When males and females are at the same BAC, do intoxication levels appear to be different when tested on various tasks?
no
How many drinks does the liver process in one hour?
one standard drink (1/2 oz of pure alcohol)
Alcohol and the other socially legal drugs, nicotine and caffeine, are used far more widely than any other drug. T/F?
true
Alcohol taxes tend to have an impact on patterns of consumption and the levels of problems resulting from drinking. T/F?
true
Alcohol use prior to engaging in a sport can slow reaction time. T/F?
true
An individual would still be legally drunk after 6 hours of consuming 10 drinks in the span of one hour. T/F?
true
Distilled liquor has a higher alcohol content than fermented beverages. T/F?
true
Expenditures that result from fetal alcohol syndrome is a health care cost. T/F?
true
Most of the alcohol is removed from the body through metabolic processes. T/F?
true
One of the liver's key functions is the maintenance of blood sugar levels in the body. T/F?
true
Only 1% of all impaired drivers are arrested for driving under the influence. T/F?
true
People's expectations of alcohol's effects can help explain drinking motives. T/F?
true
The ability of chronic alcohol use to suppress the immune system has been clearly established. T/F?
true
The approach by Andrew Weil to explain alcohol use claims that people have a need for transcendent experiences. T/F?
true
The clear goal of the beverage industry is to sell alcohol through advertising. T/F?
true
The costs for medical and nursing care for a person paralyzed after an alcohol-related auto accident are referred to as "quality-of-life costs." T/F?
true
The family unit as well as the alcohol-troubled person has higher health-care costs. T/F?
true
The higher the BAC, the higher the risk of injury from a fall. T/F?
true
When drinking the same amount of alcohol, women have higher blood alcohol concentrations than men because women have less _____ in their bodies.
water
What is the reason why women have a higher BAC compared to men when they drink the same amount of alcohol?
water mass
In 2017, the smallest proportion of alcohol consumed came from:
wine
When drinking the same amount of alcohol, women have higher blood alcohol levels than men because:
women have lower levels of a particular stomach enzyme when compared to men
Does alcohol have calories?
yes
Alcohol-related deaths may run as high as _____ of all deaths annually
10%
Social costs of alcohol include:
treatments for alcoholism
What was the first group to promote the treatment of alcoholism?
Washington Temperance Society
The alcohol industry's advertising budget for 2019 was:
$1.9 billion
The annual bar tab for underage drinking is:
$22.5 billion
What is the BAC of someone who is legally drunk?
0.08
Alcohol related deaths may run as high as _____ of all annual deaths in the US
10%
Alcohol makes its way into the bloodstream through:
absorption
Fermentation is a naturally occurring process that produces:
alcohol
Perpetrators of violent crimes are most likely to be using:
alcohol
Never consume alcohol in combination with:
other drugs or medications, even OTCs
The majority of new _____ cases in the US are young adults under the influence of alcohol
paralysis
The emergence of alcohol counselors is intertwined with:
prohibition of alcohol ?
Costs of caring for new paralysis cases due to alcohol are known as:
quality of life costs
In the decade following Prohibition, per capita consumption:
rapidly increased by more than 50%
Which of the following practices was used by the early American settlers to test the strength of liquor?
saturating gunpowder with alcohol and igniting it
What are Alcopops?
single servings in test tube shaped vials
Define a heavy drinker
someone who has had 5 or more drinks on at least 5 occasions in the past month
Define a current drinker
someone who has had a drink in the past month
Define a binge drinker
someone who has had at least 5 drinks on any one occasion (24 hour period) in the past month
The brain is very sensitive to:
the acute effects of alcohol
The early American temperance movement was part and parcel of:
the humanitarian movement
In 2017, of the total alcohol consumed from all beverages:
the smallest proportion of alcohol came from wine
What cost is part of the economic cost of alcoholism?
treatment cost