SURG-100 - 002H - Introduction & Basic Sciences

A private surgical technologist is usually employed by which of the following? a. surgeon or physician group b. ambulatory surgery center c. instrument sales company d. traveling staffing agency

a

According to the AST position statement on teamwork, which type of environment contributes most to a safe and efficient experience with positive patient outcomes? a. collaborative b. fast-paced c. corporate d. technological

a

Surgical technologists and other allied health professionals in perioperative services usually work under the direction of which hospital administrative director? a. director of nursing b. chief financial officer c. medical director d. chief executive officer

a

The hospital"s infection control nurse would report any suspicion of rare or mysterious infectious diseases to which governmental agency? a. CDC b. OSHA c. FDA d. EPA

a

Which of the following surgical team members would be primarily responsible for maintaining the patient"s operative record and transporting the patient to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)? Selected Answer: a. circulating RN b. surgical technologist c. anesthesia provider d. surgeon

a

Which of the following terms is used to describe surgical intervention that does not have to be performed immediately or within a short period of time, for example, a torn meniscus repair? Selected Answer: a. elective b. urgent c. optional d. emergent

a

Activated glutaraldehyde requires total immersion of instruments for __________________ for sterilzation. a 10 hours b 1 hour c 20 minutes d 10 minutes

a 10 hours

Which type of disinfectant destroys microbes by attacking cell proteins? a 2% glutaraldehyde b iodine c chlorine compounds d alcohol

a 2% glutaraldehyde

Which of the following is a vector? a All of the choices are correct. b Mosquito c Fly d Patient

a All of the choices are correct.

A biological indicator is the test measure by which sterility is assured. When a BI turns yellow after 24 hours of incubation, this indicates? a Biological growth load failure b Needs to be incubated for 48 hours c Sterility d The need for a retest

a Biological growth load failure

Which of the following pathogens requires special attention for disinfection of surfaces contaminated with brain, eye, or spinal cord tissue? a CJD b Clostridium difficile c MRSA d VRE

a CJD

Decontamination takes place within the sterile field, when the CST? a Periodically wipes down instruments with gauze soaked in sterile water b Allows bioburdens to build up in instruments with a lumen c Wipes down bloody instruments with a saline-soaked gauze d Places used instruments in basic of saline

a Periodically wipes down instruments with gauze soaked in sterile water

As an alternative to wet vacuuming, the floor can be "flooded" with _________ detergent-disinfectant solution. a high-level b intermediate-level c low-level d central

a high-level

Soiled sponges should be disposed of in a ________________________. a red biohazard bag b clear plastic lined container c regular trash bag d linen hamper

a red biohazard bag

Which is the most economical and commonly used sterilization methods for heat-tolerant items? a steam b ozone c low-temperature gas plasma d none of the above

a steam

Under what circumstances would many hospitals rescind (invalidate) a 'Do Not Resuscitate/Do Not Intubate' order? a. A patient must undergo a therapeutic surgical procedure b. A family member disagrees with patient"s wishes c. A perianesthesia nurse discovers an unresponsive patient in the PCUd. A patient is admitted to ICU with pneumonia

a. A patient must undergo a therapeutic surgical procedure

Which national membership organization"s House of Delegates proposed the creation of the Association of Operating Room Technicians (AORT) in 1969? a. AORN b. ACS c. AMA d. ANA

a. AORN

Verification that educational programs meet minimum accreditation standards is done by: a. CAAHEP b. HIPAA c. AST d. NBSTSA

a. CAAHEP

Maslow believed that if all of a person"s safety needs are not met, that person will not be free to move to the next level and: a. Care for another individual b. Be respected c. Find food and water d. Fulfill her purpose in life

a. Care for another individual

The following would be considered a genetic malformation factor for surgical intervention. a. Cheiloschisis b. Colon Cancer c. Kidney stone d. Uterine fibroid

a. Cheiloschisis

The following would be listed as disease factor for surgical intervention? a. Cholecystitis b. Kidney stone c. Uterine fibroid d. Rhytidectomy

a. Cholecystitis

A medical device or surgical piece of equipment that has failed would have to be taken out of service and any patient injury reported which of the following agencies? a. FDA b. EPA . OSHA d. WHO

a. FDA

Which of the following pioneers of medicine and surgery first developed techniques for surgical antisepsis? a. Lister b. Halsted c. Billroth d. Galen

a. Lister

During your preoperative assessment of a 92 year-old retired construction worker who now lives in an assisted-living facility, you note bluish-purple lesions on the patient"s arms. You identify these discolorations as: a. Senile purpura b. Seborrheic keratoses c. Solar lentigo d. Sebaceous hyperplasia

a. Senile purpura

A physical consideration for a child less than 6 months old is the child"s inability to ? a. Shiver b. Digest c. Hear d. Visualize

a. Shiver

After which of the following military conflicts did Great Britain and the United States begin to train and employ allied health professionals predominantly in the scrub role in surgery? a. World War II b. Civil War c. Revolutionary War d. Vietnam War

a. World War II

Which area of concern or fear would most likely be the main focus for a toddler scheduled for surgery? a. abandonment b. mortality c. body image d. privacy

a. abandonment

The motto of the AST is _______. a. aeger primo b. primum non nocere c. respondeat superior d. res ipsa loquitur

a. aeger primo

Which of the following may be performed by the surgical technologist? a. assist with dressings b. administer anesthetic agents c. places sutures d. administer medications

a. assist with dressings

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the circulator? a. assists the surgeon with cauterization and irrigation b. identifies patient, and performs preoperative assessment c. obtains blood products for transfusion as directed d. assists the anesthesia provider when needed

a. assists the surgeon with cauterization and irrigation

Which of the following is a postoperative responsibility of the surgical technologist in the scrub role? a. assists with moving patient to stretcher or bed b. washes blood off patient c. identifies specimens received during surgery d. assists the anesthesia provider when needed

a. assists with moving patient to stretcher or bed

Which organs or tissues can be recovered after death or after a patient has already been removed from life support? a. bone b. pancreas c. liver d. hear

a. bone

What other condition frequently suffered by obese patients and discovered intraoperatively may be treated surgically in conjunction with a bariatric procedure? a. cholelithiasis b. obstructive sleep apnea c. degenerative osteoarthritis d. non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

a. cholelithiasis

The ______ performs viral, microbiological, metabolic, molecular, and other tests on patient blood, fluids, and tissue samples. a. clinical laboratory b. diagnostic imaging staff c. pathology department d. blood bank

a. clinical laboratory

Which of the following torts would be classified as unintentional? a. foreign bodies left in the patient b. battery c. defamation d. invasion of patient privacy

a. foreign bodies left in the patient

Ethics and laws are closely related because _________. a. legal doctrines often interpret ethical concepts b. ethical doctrines and legal concepts are the same c. both ethics and laws are interpreted by religion d. ethical doctrines often interpret legal concepts

a. legal doctrines often interpret ethical concepts

Which of the following legal terms is BEST described 'professional misconduct that results in harm to another'? a. malpractice b. liability c. allegation d. negligence

a. malpractice

What do conscientiousness, problem solving, skills competency, teamwork, and commitment to continuing education represent for a CST? a. professional traits b. legal doctrines c. college prerequisites d. religious philosophies

a. professional traits

Which anesthetic method helps reduce the anxiety and stress experienced by pediatric surgical patients? a. rapid induction b. Bier block c. spinal continuous drip d. awake intubation

a. rapid induction

Which of the following legal doctrines would MOST likely apply in the case of a wrong site surgery or retained foreign body? a. res ipsa loquitur b. aegar primo c. caveat emptor d. primum non nocere

a. res ipsa loquitur

To regain the patient"s health and strength so the patient may resume normal daily activities is an example of _______ surgical intervention. a. restorative b. palliative c. diagnostic d. prophylactic

a. restorative

Which of the following is an independent, nonprofit national organization that develops standards for and accredits health care organizations in the United States? a. the Joint Commission b. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services c. American National Standards Institute d. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

a. the Joint Commission

Which of the following is NOT true about using cliches? a. they reduce the patient"s anxiety b. they minimize the significance of the patient"s feelings c. they reduce your anxiety d. they send a message to the patient that you"re not interested

a. they reduce the patient"s anxiety

The federal governmental insurance programs under the general heading of CMS include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Medicare part B b. CHAMPUS c. Medicare part A d. Medicaid

b

Which term describes a physician-group-owned hospital? a. tax-supported b. proprietary c. nonprofit d. community

b

Glutaraldehyde is a high level disinfectant that can also be used as a sterilant. An item will need to be immersed in CIDEX for _______ to be considered sterile and for ________ to be considered high level disinfected. a 14 days/ 10 minutes b 10 hours/ 20 minutes c 24 hours/10 minutes d 28 days/ 20 minutes

b 10 hours/ 20 minutes

The cycle time for the peracetic acid system is __________________________. a 20-30 mintues b 10-15 minutes c 1-2 hours d 5-6 hours

b 10-15 minutes

__________ has a broad anti-microbial range, effective against vegetative bacteria, mycobacterium tuberculosis, fungi, and viruses. a Peroxide b Glutaraldehyde c Carbolic Acid d Alcohol

b Glutaraldehyde

Powered surgical instruments, drills, reamers, and saws should never be? a Steam sterilized b Immersed c Disinfected d Gas sterilized

b Immersed

Which of the following disinfectants is required for general disinfection of non-critical items? a Hih-level disinfection b Low-level disinfection c Intermediate-level disinfectant d Sanitizer

b Low-level disinfection

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the advantages of gas/plasma sterilzation systems? a No toxic residue is left on sterilized items b The by-products are water and carbon dioxide c The system is environmentally safe d No aeration time is necessary

b The by-products are water and carbon dioxide

All items that have come in contact with the patient and/or sterile field are considered _________. a sterile b contaminated c reusable d clean

b contaminated

The peracetic acid sterilization system is a self-contained unit most commonly used to sterilize ____________. a stainless steel instruments b endoscopes c wrapped items d liquid medication

b endoscopes

What is the method of packaging an item that has an open end that can be closed with a self-sealing adhesive or sealed with heat called? a sterilization tray and case b envelope-double wrapper c paper-plastic peel packs d dust covers

b envelope-double wrapper

The _________ sterilizer is commonly referred to as a "flash" autoclave. a gravity displacement b high-speed steam c Sterrad d Steris

b high-speed steam

packaging must allow for adequate removal of air, adequate penetration of the ______________, and direct contact with the items. a steam b sterilant c disinfectant d antiseptic

b sterilant

The _______ sterilizer uses agitated water with a neutral detergent cleaning agent to dissolve and loosen blood debris. a ethylene oxide b washer c high-speed d pre-vacuum

b washer

All of the following would be an example for unintentional torts except? a. Patient misidentification b. Assault c. Foreign bodies left in patients d. Falls or positioning errors

b. Assault

Which of the following religions believes in reincarnation and that the rebirth is influenced by the previous death experience? a. Judaism b. Buddhism c. atheism d. Muslim

b. Buddhism

vergrowth of which microorganism is most likely responsible for pediatric cases of enterocolitis following antibiotic therapy? a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Clostridium difficile c. Escherichia coli d. Helicobacter pylori

b. Clostridium difficile

Kaposi sarcoma"s are lesions associated with AIDS, when they are present in the _______ they pose a challenge to the ___________? a. Skin, RN b. Esophagus, anesthesia provider c. Skin, CST d. Intestinal tract, anesthesia provider

b. Esophagus, anesthesia provider

What is the most frequently cited root cause of sentinel events? a. Medical staff errors b. Ineffective communication c. Nursing errors d. Effective communication

b. Ineffective communication

Which federal regulatory agency is dedicated to enforcing workplace safety and preventing worker injuries? a. EPA b. OSHA c. ANSI d. FDA

b. OSHA

The three phases of surgical case management are: a. Parasurgical, intrasurgical, and postsurgical b. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative c. Paraoperative, intraoperative, and postsurgical d. Presurgical, intersurgical, and aftersurgical

b. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative

Which of the following is an example of an intentional tort pertaining to surgical patient care? a. A tissue specimen is misplaced by a transporter. b. Restraints are used on a patient who threatens to leave c. A retained surgical sponge is discovered in subsequent procedure. d. A patient suffers a burn due to hot instruments

b. Restraints are used on a patient who threatens to leave

An agent that destroys viruses is called a: a. Bacteriocidal b. Virucide c. Vector d. Bacteriostatic

b. Virucide

Which of the following is NOT a form of individual professional credentialing that protects the public from unqualified health care providers? a. licensure b. accreditation c. certification d. registration

b. accreditation

In which pediatric age group would all of the craniofacial sinuses be fully developed? a. neonatal b. adolescent c. toddler d. preschooler

b. adolescent

Even if qualified and acting as first assistant, a surgical technologist may nor a. retract tissue b. alter body tissue c. sponge and suction blood from the wound d. cut sutures

b. alter body tissue

Preoperative responsibilities of the surgical technologist in the scrub role include which of the following? a. assisting with dressing b. assisting in draping the patient with sterile drapes c. preparing and passing medication to surgeon d. passing instruments to the surgeon in a prescribed manner

b. assisting in draping the patient with sterile drapes

The ______ responds to the needs of the scrubbed members within the sterile field before, during, and after the surgical procedure. a. surgeon b. circulator c. scrub person d. physician first assistant

b. circulator

Which legal doctrine would be MOST applicable in a case involving failure by the RN and CST to do proper surgical counts resulting in retention of a foreign object and the surgeon being found not liable? a. primum non nocere b. doctrine of borrowed servant c. captain of the ship doctrine d. doctrine of corporate negligence

b. doctrine of borrowed servant

What is a normal emotion that surgical team members may feel for their patients, but must not interfere with their abilities to maintain focus on their jobs, particularly in all-hazards situation? a. repression b. empathy c. reconciliation d. eustress

b. empathy

Which of the following terms describes a set of therapies that preserve a patient"s life when body systems are not functioning sufficiently? a. hierarchy of needs b. life support c. therapeutic surgery d. advance directives

b. life support

Which classification of antibiotics is contraindicated for use in neonates due to increased incidence of kernicterus? a. tetracyclins b. sulfonamides c. cephalosporins d. penicillins

b. sulfonamides

The 'time-out' communication that must occur immediately before an intended procedure in a health care facility is mandated by a. the Food and Drug Administration b. the Joint Commission c. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention d. Medicare

b. the Joint Commission

A _______ relationship is between health care team members and the patient and the patient"s family. a. social b. therapeutic c. confidential d. professional

b. therapeutic

The primary goal of surgical intervention is to allow the patient a. to obtain emotional security b. to return to his/her best possible state of physical and mental health c. the chance to achieve a state of self-actualization d. to return to a state of wellness

b. to return to his/her best possible state of physical and mental health

Through which hospital department or committee would the certified surgical first assistant(CSFA) submit a request for privileges to work in the operating room? a. risk management b. auxiliary and volunteers c. medical staff d. nursing services

c

What does the acronym DRG stand for in the hospital setting? a. doctor of gynecology b. drug reference guide c. diagnosis related groups d. department of radiology

c

When an ARC/STSA site visitor is sent to a surgical technology program to verify and clarify records and annual reporting information, to whom does he or she submit the findings? a. ACS b. NBSTSA c. CAAHEP d. AST

c

Which department would provide services for repair of broken equipment or to do routine preventive checks? a. diagnostic imaging b. risk management c. maintenance and biomed d. environmental services

c

Which of the following historical figures is considered the father of modern anatomy and changed the traditional approach to anatomical studies? a. Aristotle b. Pare c. Vesalius d. Homer

c

Which of the following membership organizations would the circulating RN in the operating room likely to join as a member? a. ACS b. AMA c. AORN d. AAMI

c

Which organization develops national certification exams for surgical technologists and surgical first assistants and confers the appropriate credential to eligible certificants? a. ARC/STSA b. AST c. NBSTSA d. CAAHEP

c

Which of the following microorganisms are found routinely in water pipes in ceilings or during wall demolitions? a MRSA b VRE c Aspergillus d None of the above

c Aspergillus

_____________________ is the process for removing contaminants from an object that has been exposed to hazardous materials, such as infectious material and blood, chemicals, or radioactive substances. a Sterilization b Disinfection c Decontamination d Asepsis

c Decontamination

The STERRAD sterilization machine uses ______ for sterilziation? a Parcetic acid b Steam c Hydrogen peroxide d Cidex

c Hydrogen peroxide

Which of the following is TRUE concerning gaseous chlorine dioxide sterilization? a Clorine dioxide is mutagenic or carcinogenic in humans b As the chlorine dioxide concentration increases, the time required to achieve sterilization becomes progressively longer c Microbial destruction occurs by the interference with the cellular process d Currently, several gaseous chlorine dioxide systems have been cleared by the FDA

c Microbial destruction occurs by the interference with the cellular process

Each employee working with contaminated goods must adhere to standard precautions as required by: a FDA b The Joint Commission c OSHA d EPA

c OSHA

A washer sterilizer renders surgical instrumentation ? a Safe to use on patients b Sterile c Safe for reprocessing by CSPD personal d Ready for transport to OR

c Safe for reprocessing by CSPD personal

A living carrier that transmits disease is called a: a Fomite b Resident flora c Vector d Sepsis

c Vector

The peracetic acid system utilizes peracetic acid and ___________, as a sterilant to destroy microbes by reacting with various cellular systems. a ionizing radiation b ethylene oxide c an anticorrosive agent d hydrogen peroxide gas plasma

c an anticorrosive agent

If a washer-sterilizer is not adjacent to the operating room, instruments should be ________________. a hand washed in the operating room b left for the housekepping team to clean c covered for transport to Central Processing d disinfected in the operating room before taking them to Central Processing

c covered for transport to Central Processing

Which type of disinfectant is used on noncritcal items such as floors, walls, stainless steel furniture, electrosurgical units, anesthesia equipment? a high level b intermediate level c low level d central level

c low level

The difference between sterilization and high level disinfection is that? a both kill all microorganisms and spores b no difference both do the same thing c one kills all microorganisms and spores, one kills all microorganisms d one if for non-critical items and on is for semi critical items

c one kills all microorganisms and spores, one kills all microorganisms

Before leaving the operating room, all ratcheted instruments are _________ and ________, then placed in a basin of sterile water and enzymatic detergent. a closed; assembled b opened; assembled c opened; disassembled d closed; disassembled

c opened; disassembled

Which of the following processes destroys pathogenic and nonpathogenic micororganisms including viruses, fungi, and all forms of bacteria and their spores by using sterilant or sporicidal agents? a antisepsis b sanitation c sterilization d disinfection

c sterilization

A _______ is a surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached. a pathogen b fomite c substrate d vector

c substrate

Noise pollution in the perioperative workplace can interfere with critical activities. The Environmental Protection Agency recommends that noise level should not exceed a. 10 megahertz b. 20 decibels c. 45 decibels d. 100 megahertz

c. 45 decibels

A patient may be considered a candidate for donation after cardiac death (DCD) if his or her heart is predicted to cease functioning within what period of time after removal from mechanical support? a. 3 hours b. 30 minutes c. 90 minutes d. immediately

c. 90 minutes

Res Ipsa Loquitur is a Latin term related to the following? : a. The motto for AST b. First do no harm c. A retained surgical instrument d. Above all do not harm

c. A retained surgical instrument

The anesthesia provider is a licensed physician or _____; both require special training to administer anesthesia. a. Certified Perfusionist Anesthetist (CPA) b. Certified Scrub Anesthetist (CSA) c. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) d. Certified Surgical Technologist Anesthetist (CSTA)

c. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)

Why is a finding of an S4 in an older adult a more common finding? a. Turbulent blood flow from the vena cava into the right atrium b. The increase in the incidence of congestive heart failure c. Decreased compliance of the left ventricle d. Sclerosis of the mitral and aortic valves

c. Decreased compliance of the left ventricle

Graduates of CAAHEP or ABHES programs are eligible to sit for the CST or CSFA examinations administered by: a. AST b. CSPS c. NBSTSA d. ARC/STSA

c. NBSTSA

Which of the following legislative rulings requires medical facilities to inform patients of their rights to choose the types and extent of medical care available and their legal right to advance directives? a. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act b. Affordable Care Act c. Patient Self-Determination Act d. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

c. Patient Self-Determination Act

When positioning the pregnancy patient, the surgical technologist knows that a wedge is placed under the patients right hip to? a. Relieve pressure on the spine b. Shift the weight of the fetus and make the patient comfortable c. Relieve pressure on aorta and vena cava d. Make the fetus comfortable

c. Relieve pressure on aorta and vena cava

The responsibility of obtaining the informed consent is the? a. CST b. RN c. Surgeon d. Anesthesiologist

c. Surgeon

Which type of general category of death would most likely generate high emotional trauma for family members and a need to follow protocols for preservation of evidence in the perioperative period? a. terminal b. chronic c. accidental d. prolonged

c. accidental

Which of the following is a preoperative responsibility of the surgical technologist in the scrub role? a. obtains all medication necessary for the procedure b. obtains specimens necessary for the procedure c. assists circulator in opening sterile supplies necessary for the procedure d. handles nonsterile ends of equipment

c. assists circulator in opening sterile supplies necessary for the procedure

Physical forces of deceleration, acceleration, compression, and shearing are factors in which type of injuries? a. penetrating b. hypothermia c. blunt d. electrical

c. blunt

Which area of concern or fear would MOST likely be the main focus for a teenage patient having surgery? a. insurance coverage b. abandonment c. body image d. mortality

c. body image

Which of the following is the responsibility of the circulator? a. hands the scrub person samples and specimens after they are obtained from the surgeon b. tells the physician first assistant when to bring in support personnel c. completes and maintains accurate operative records including notes about irregularities and incidents d. advises patients on billing options

c. completes and maintains accurate operative records including notes about irregularities and incidents

Which of the following is NOT a method of making ethical decisions as a surgical technologist? a. evaluate resolutive actions to be taken b. apply state/federal laws governing practice c. defer to supervisor in resolving issues d. apply codes of ethics to help guide actions

c. defer to supervisor in resolving issues

What does Sister Callista Roy define as 'all conditions, circumstances, and influences that surround and affect the development and behavior of the person? a. development b. synchronization c. environment d. adaptation

c. environment

What type of life-support treatment would be considered ultimately futile and its benefits far outweighed by the financial and emotional burdens suffered by the family and health care system? a. ordinary b. curative c. extraordinary d. palliative

c. extraordinary

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a social relationship? a. may be casual or intimate, brief or long-lasting b. between peers c. goal directed d. mutual

c. goal directed

During a surgical procedure on a pregnant patient, the surgical technologist in the scrub role may be asked to palpate what area to detect possible contractions? : a. xiphoid process b. radial artery c. gravid uterus d. carotid artery

c. gravid uterus

Which of the following is NOT a likely area of employment for the surgical technologist? a. obstetrics department/labor and delivery b. emergency departments/trauma center c. instructor in schools for registered nursing programs d. same day/ambulatory surgery unit

c. instructor in schools for registered nursing programs

Which of the following is an intraoperative responsibility of the surgical technologist in the scrub role? a. counts sponges, needles, and instruments while awaiting surgeon"s instructions b. assists the x-ray technician as necessary c. passes instruments, supplies, and equipment to surgeon in a prescribed manner d. decontaminates and resterilizes instruments

c. passes instruments, supplies, and equipment to surgeon in a prescribed manner

Which may NOT be a member of the core surgical team? a. circulator b. scrub person c. pathologist d. assistant to the surgeon

c. pathologist

Which of the following is the guiding principle of the Hippocratic medical ethics? a. res ipsa loquitur b. aegar primo c. primum non nocere d. respondeat superior

c. primum non nocere

To prevent the occurrences of a disease or illness is an example of _______ surgical intervention. a. diagnostic b. palliative c. prophylactic d. restorative

c. prophylactic

Which of the following scrubs and gowns the members of the surgical team? : a. circulator b. physician c. scrub person d. first assistant to the surgeon

c. scrub person

Which organ is MOST often injured in motor vehicle accidents ? a. brain b. liver c. spleen d. heart

c. spleen

Sterile team members scrub (wash) their hands and arms and don _____ gowns and gloves before entering the sterile field. : a. petulant b. puerile c. sterile d. retardant

c. sterile

In 2004, which of the following agencies created the 'Do Not Use' abbreviation list? Selected Answer:c. the Joint Commission (JC)Answers: a. American Medical Association (AMA) b. Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN) c. the Joint Commission (JC) d. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

c. the Joint Commission (JC)

Which of the following terms describes a civil wrong that may be intentional or unintentional? a. complaint b. liability c. tort d. indictment

c. tort

Which of the following diagnosis is currently used in most jurisdictions of the world to define a state of irreversible death? a. respiratory arrest b. myocardial infarction c. whole brain death d. higher brain death

c. whole brain death

The CST and CSFA credentials are registered trademarks of which organization? a. ARC/STSA b. AST c. CAAHEP d. NBSTSA

d

Which of the following is the membership organization for surgical technology with a board of directors elected by a house of delegates? a. ARC/STSA b. NBSTSA c. CAAHEP d. AST

d

Which of the following surgical team members would be responsible for separating instruments and disassembling the sterile field in the postoperative phase? a. CSFA b. CRNFA c. CRNA d. CST

d

The minimum temperature for a gravity displacement steam sterilizer is __________ while the minimum temperature for a dynamic air removal steam sterilizer is ______. a 250F/275F b 270F/255F c 255F/250F d 250F/270F

d 250F/270F

A substance that is commonly used on living tissue to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microbes in order to prevent infection is called a(n): a Disinfectant b Asepsis c Sporicidal d Antiseptic

d Antiseptic

Doug the CST has just completed a craniotomy in room 5. He is told that the surgical instrumentation he had used on the procedure must be destroyed instead of being reprocessed. He realizes that the previous patient must have been diagnosed with the disease associated with a prion called? a HIV b Hepatitis B c Hepatits C d Creutzfeldt-jacobs disease

d Creutzfeldt-jacobs disease

Lisa is being oriented to a new surgical center. The director states that all of the sterile instrument baskets are not dated for expiration. Lisa assumes that the facility policy in regards to sterile items is? a Wrong and needs to be revised b A pilot program c Julian date d Event-related sterility policy

d Event-related sterility policy

The bacterial pathogen clostridium perfringens is related to poor circulation and can lead to amputation for the patient. This bacteria is also called? a. Staphylococcus b. Salmonella c C. difficile d Gas gangrene

d Gas gangrene

Which of the following can be a fomite? a Patient b Nurse c Doctor d Mayo stand

d Mayo stand

Bacteria that require an oxygen level that is lower than that of normal air but still require oxygen are called: a. Anaerobic b. Aerobic c. Thermophilic d Microaerophilic

d Microaerophilic

One of the primary roles of the surgical technologist is to maintain sterile technique to prevent? a Blood stream infections b Streptococcus c Pneumonia d SSIs

d SSIs

Items that have been rendered free of all living organisms, including spores, are called: a Surgically clean b Disinfected c Aseptic d Sterile

d Sterile

Contamination of a sterile field that occurs through the passage of a fluid through a microbial barrier or through a puncture in a microbial barrier is called: a Nosocomial b Transient Flora c Vector d Strike-through contamination

d Strike-through contamination

The ultrasonic cleaner is a piece of equipment that? a Sterilizes instrumentation b Disinfects instrumentation c is essential for flash cyles d Uses cavitation to clean instruments

d Uses cavitation to clean instruments

Which type of disinfectant destroys microbes by coagulating the cellular proteins? a 2% glutaraldehyde b phenolic compounds c chlorine compounds d alcohol

d alcohol

The first step toward reducing the potential hazards associated with contaminated instruments is: a sterilization b assembly c aeration d decontamination

d decontamination

Activated glutaraldehyde is used for ____________ and heat sensitive items. a paper wrapped items b items made with copper, brass, and zinc c stainless steel instruments d lensed instruments

d lensed instruments

The ____________ sterilizer pulls air out of the chamber by a vacuum from the sterilizing chamber and replaces it with steam that immediately penetrates the wrapped items. a Gravity displacement b Sterrad c Ethylene oxide d pre-vacuum

d pre-vacuum

Which of the following factors DO NOT affect the sterilization process? a Bioburden b temperature c concentration of the sterilizing agent and air d size of the sterilizer

d size of the sterilizer

________ is the formal recognition of an instructional program as conforming with a set of standards. a. Licensure b. Certification c. Credentialing d. Accreditation

d. Accreditation

______ are generally rod-shaped bacteria. a. Viruses b. Cocci c. Fomites d. Bacilli

d. Bacilli

One of the most common surgical interventions for a pregnancy patient would be ? a. Inguinal Hernia b. Laparoscopy c. Colon resection d. Cholecystectomy

d. Cholecystectomy

The most common cause of hypovolemic shock in pediatric age groups is? a. UTI b. Internal bleeding c. Post operative infection d. Dehydration

d. Dehydration

Which organization would employees of the central sterile processing department likely join as a members? a. NIOSH b. AMA c. EPA d. IAHCSMM

d. IAHCSMM

The three most common complications after gastric bypass surgery are? a. Abdominal catastrophes, thrombophlebitis, gastric distention b. Dehiscence, thrombophlebitis, gastric distention c. Gastric distention, internal hernia, ventricular failure d. Internal hernia, abdominal catastrophe, gastric distention

d. Internal hernia, abdominal catastrophe, gastric distention

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a: a. Streptococcus b. Closridium c. Staphylococcus d. Mycobacterium

d. Mycobacterium

All of the following national agencies have regulations or protocols for health care workers who may be exposed to infectious diseases in their work environment EXCEPT: a. NIOSH b. OSHA c. CDC d. NFPA

d. NFPA

The American Hospital Association replaced its 'Patient"s Bill of Rights' with which of the following? a. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act b. Patient Self-Determination Act c. doctrine of personal liability d. Patient Care Partnership

d. Patient Care Partnership

A DNR/DNI is written by a ______ and is initiated by the _______. a. Patient, physician b. Attorney, physician c. Attorney, patient d. Physician, patient

d. Physician, patient

_________ includes any words or actions that may cause discomfort to another individual, including staring, telling sexual or racial jokes, and making offensive remarks about an individual"s appearance. a. Bullying b. Conflict c. Verbal abuse d. Sexual harassment

d. Sexual harassment

Surgical gowns are constructed to be breathable, which means they alow ______ in. a. Blood b. All of the choices are correct c. Body fluids d. air

d. air

Communication is the process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of words, symbols, signs, or ______. a. feelings b. beliefs c. emotions d. behavior

d. behavior

Which of the following procedures would be surgical treatment for an elderly patient"s psychological dissatisfaction? a. laparoscopic cholecystectomy b. extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy c. transurethral resection of prostate d. blepharoplasty and rhytidectomy

d. blepharoplasty and rhytidectomy

Which level of Maslow"s hierarchy of needs is the most important for the surgical team to provide to the patient? a. emotional security b. positive self-esteem c. feelings of kindness d. correction of physiological problem

d. correction of physiological problem

Which of the following terms represents a positive physical and psychological state of a patient? a. dyspnea b. euthanasia c. distress d. eustress

d. eustress

The degree to which an action could be anticipated to cause injury is ________. a. dereliction/failure to meet standard b. proximate cause of injury or damage c. damage d. foreseeability of harm

d. foreseeability of harm

Which specialist would likely have privileges to surgically treat diseases of the breast, hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal systems, and thyroid gland? a. urological surgeon b. gynecologist c. endocrinologist d. general surgeon

d. general surgeon

Maslow"s research produced a hierarchical structure of ________. a. insurance reimbursement b. pathological diseases c. administrative authority d. human progression

d. human progression

What is the term for the mechanism of injury in a trauma patient that takes into account velocity of the injuring force, flexibility of the tissue, and shape of the injuring force? a. informatics b. trauma designation c. advance directive d. kinematics

d. kinematics

The phrase 'departure from the standard of care' BEST describes which of the following legal terms? a. liability b. malpractice c. larceny d. negligence

d. negligence

The circulator stays ______ the sterile field. a. within b. inside c. a part of d. outside

d. outside

A terminally ill patient whose advance directive is to refuse any life-saving efforts by health care workers is choosing which type of euthanasia? a. involuntary b. voluntary c. active d. passive

d. passive

High-or low-velocity projectiles are factors in which type of injuries? a. blunt b. electrical c. hypothermia d. penetrating

d. penetrating

To relieve or alleviate symptoms without curing the underlying cause or disease is an example of ______ surgical intervention. a. diagnostic b. palliative c. restorative d. prophylactic

d. prophylactic

What position enhances a bariatric patient"s total lung volume and aids in ventilation? a. lateral chest b. Trendelenburg c. low-lithotomy d. reverse Trendelenburg

d. reverse Trendelenburg

Which of the following needs identified by Maslow would likely be MOST prominent in a surgical patient"s mind? a. self-actualization b. love and belonging c. esteem d. safety

d. safety

Which of the following function within the sterile field? a. anesthesia person b. x-ray technician c. circulator d. scrub person

d. scrub person

Which of the following roles is defined by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) as providing aid in exposure, hemostasis, and other technical functions that help the surgeon carry out a safe operation with optimal results for the patient? a. first scrub b. assistant circulator c. second scrub . surgical first assistant

d. surgical first assistant

Which of the following conditions was defined by the Harvard School of Medicine and includes the following physical signs: flat EEG, unresponsiveness, lowered body temperature, and absent pupil reflexes? S a. higher brain death b. acute myocardial infarction c. respiratory arrest d. whole-brain death

d. whole-brain death