Survey Of Infectious Diseases Lesson 1.3 (Study Guide)

Should a refrigeration unit be used as a method of disinfection?

No.

Define Sanitation.

Processes which promote/establish conditions which minimize or eliminate biohazards.

What type of disinfectant is zephiran?

Quaternary ammonium compound.

What is the main difference between sterilization and disinfection?

Sterilization: Will destroy endospores. Disinfection: Will NOT destroy endospores.

Which physical method of control of microbes is the most effective means of controlling microbial growth?

Temperature.

Define Disinfection

The destruction or inhibition of disease - causing microorganisms by chemical or physical means; will NOT destroy endospores.

Define Sterilization

The process of completely removing or destroying all life-forms, endospores, or their products on or in a substance.

Will alcohols kill vegetative or sporulating bacteria?

Vegetative.

Can endospores remain alive in boiling water?

Yes.

By what name is benzalkonium chloride also known?

Zephiran.

What are the two most common alcohol disinfectants?

1.) Ethyl (grain) 2.) Isopropyl (rubbing)

List the physical methods of microbial control.

1.) Heat 2.) Incineration. 3.) Boiling 4.) Steam 5.) Cold 6.) Ultraviolet light

What types of processes can result in sterilization?

1.) Scrubbing 2.) Temperature 3.) Light

What are the mechanical methods of microbial control?

1.) Scrubbing. 2.) Filtration. 3.) Sedimentation.

List three factors that influence the action of disinfectants.

1.) Type of disinfectant 2.) Type of microorganism present 3.) Concentration of disinfectant.

How much time is required for a 2% glutaraldehyde solution to inactivate spores?

3-12 hours.

How much time is required for a 2% glutaraldehyde solution to inactivate viruses and vegetative bacteria?

3-12 hours.

What is a fungicide?

An agent that kills fungi.

Describe the control of microbes on a dead body placed in a refrigeration unit prior to embalming - is it sterilization, disinfection, or antisepsis?

Antisepsis.

When cold is used for controlling microbes, is it a sterilization, disinfection, or antiseptic?

Antiseptic.

List an example of an iodophore.

Betadine.

Which halogens are generally used for disinfection.

Chlorine and iodine.

What is he main drawback of using quaternary ammonium compounds as disinfectants?

Deactivated in the presence of soaps and other organic material (blood, feces, etc.)

What term describes the process of destroying all pathogenic microbes?

Disinfection.

Define antisepsis.

Growth inhibited - usually applied to living tissue.

Cremation is which form of physical microbial conrol?

Incineration.

What term describes those disinfectants which are compounds of iodine?

Iodophores.