TCP/IP Protocol Ch 3

The Link-Layer framing indicates the additional octets exist beyond the IPv6 header

A network node that understands the Jumbo Payload option will process a packet as a jumbogram under what condition?

Routing Type = 0

Currently, the Routing extension header is designed to use only one option. Which option can it use?

It allows an application to differentiate traffic types based on priorities.

For the IPv6 header Traffic Class field, what function does the Precedence field serve?

By preventing address spoofing and connection theft

How does the Authentication extension header specify the true origin of an IPv6 packet?

The larger IPv6 address space

IPv6 packet headers are much larger in size than IPv4 packet headers, even though the IPv6 header structure is less complex. What is the main cause of the size increase?

Each fragment of the original packet maintains the original packet maintains the original ID value in the header Identification field

In an IPv4 Packet header, the Identification field contains a unique identifier for each packet; however, packets are sometimes fragmented further by routers to transvers a network that supports a smaller packet size. What happens to the value of the Identification field in a packet header if the packet is further fragmented?

the length of the IPv4 header

In an IPv4 packet header, what does the value in the Internet Header Length signify?

Destination Options

Of the following, which extension header can appear more than once for an IPv6 packet?

The forwarding node drops the packet and sends an ICMPv6 Packet Too Big message to the sending node.

Once PMTU Discovery sets the MTU size for IPv6 packets and begins sending, how do forwarding nodes manage packets if a link MTU in the path reduces or becomes too small for the packet MTU size?

Hop-by-Hop Options

RFC 2460 defines the recommended order in which extension headers should appear. Which extension header should appear first if it is present?

The values can be set to allow more fragmentation or prohibit more fragmentation, depending on the network's requirements.

The Flags field in an IPv4 header can be set to different values, depending on fragmentation requirements. Of the following, which is correct about the options that can be set in this field?

EGP ICMP OSPF

The IPv4 Protocol field contains the value of the protocol that is coming next. Of the following, which are valid protocols for this field?

True

The IPv4 header's Fragment Offset field is used, if the packet is a fragment, to show where to place the packet's data when the fragments are reconstructed. True or False?

4-byte boundary

The IPv4 header's Options field provides additional IP routing controls. What is the boundary where the options must end?

False

The IPv4's Time to Live (TTL) field indicates the remaining lifetime of the packet defined as a distance or as in hops through routers.

The Next Header field points to the first extension header and, if others exist, the first extension header uses its own Next header field to point to the next extension header.

The Next Header field in the IPv6 header points to the first extension header for the packet if the packet possesses one or more extension headers. If more than one extension header exists, how is this extension header identified?

VoIP

Using the differentiated service code point (DSCP) identifier, IPv4 traffic can be prioritized by an end node or boundary device, such as a router, and queued and forwarded according to this value. DSCP expedited forwarding (EF) ensures that routers expedite the packet forwarding and don't lower the priority value. Which service most requires DSCP EF?

It provides error detection on the contents of the entire IP packet, minus the Checksum Field

What basic function does the IPv4 Header Checksum field perform?

jumbogram large payload options

What is a valid proposed option for the IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options extension header?

Precedence is used by routers to prioritize traffic through router queues

What is the purpose of the Precedence bits in the IPv4 header's Type of Service field?

When it appears later in the packet

When is the Destination Options extension header encrypted?

When the transmitting device needs to send packets larger than the PMTU

When is the Fragment extension header used?

The address in the Destination Address field is the final destination address.

When running UDP over IPv6, the checksum is mandatory and a pseudo-header is used to imitate the actual IPv6 header. If the Routing extension header is present, what is the result in the pseudo-header?

unicast

Which address type can the Source Address field of an IPv4 packer header contain?

1. Destination Address 2. Flow Label 3. Source Address

Which fields in an IPv6 header do packet classifiers use to identify a packet's flow if it is part of a flow?