The Art of Public Speaking: Chapter 1

Similarities between public speaking & conversation

1) Organize your thoughts logically. 2) Tailoring your message to your audience. 3) Telling story for maximum impact. 4) Adapting to listener feedback.

Differences between public speaking & conversation

1) Public speaking is more highly structured. 2) Strict time. 3) Listeners not allowed to interrupt. 4) Speaker must accomplish purpose in the speech itself. 5) Public speaking requires more formal language. 6) Public speaking requires a different method of delivery. * Speak clear- volume/diction, erect posture, mannerisms.

Interference

Anything that impedes communication of message. Can be external or internal

Positive Nervousness

Controlled nervousness that vitalizes speaker for presentation. Mental imaging in which a speaker visualizes him or herself in a successful speech.

Channel

Means by which message is communicated

Feedback

Nonverbal messages sent from listener to a speaker

Speaker

Person who is presenting

Listener

Person who receives speakers message

Reducing Speech Anxiety

Six ways to turn nervousness from negative to positive: 1) Acquire speaking experience. 2) Prepare, prepare, prepare! *Pick topics you care about, 1 minute of speech = 1 to 2 hours of practice. 3) Think positively. 4) Use power of visualization. 5) Know that most nervousness is not visible. 6) Don't expect perfection. *View speechmaking as an act of communication, not a performance. Focus on your message.

Speech Anxiety

Speech Anxiety: Anxiety over the prospect of speaking in front of an audience. * Nervousness is normal! Positive Nervousness: Controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for a presentation.

Frame of Reference

The sume of a person's knowledge, experience, goals, values and attitudes. Individually based

Situation

The time and place in which speech communication occurs

Message

Whatever speaker communicates