The Endocrine System
When a non-lipid soluble hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell,
A second messenger appears in the cytoplasm
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids is
ACTH
A hormone that is released from the adrenal glands due to direct sympathetic stimulation from the hypothalamus
Adrenal
Where are target cells of hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones located?
Anterior pituitary
Target cells
Areas of the body sensitive to the presence of hormones
The release of parathyroid hormone is controlled by
Blood calcium levels
All hormones RE
Chemical Messengers
Insulin causes
Conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles for storage
Hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome
Epinephrine
Hormone released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in kidney tissues
Erythropoietin
Control of hormones can be accomplished by chemical changes in the blood
Humoral stimulation
Hormones that travel in capillaries and alter the activity of the anterior pituitary are from...
Hypothalamus
The highest level of endocrine control is provided by the
Hypothalamus
Where are the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary made?
Hypothalamus
Pancreatic hormone that is released when blood glucose levels rise
Insulin
Hormones are always secreted into the
Interstitial fluid
Control of hormones can be accomplished via a direct stimulation by the...
Nervous system
How does the hypothalamus transport hormones to the posterior pituitary?
Neural axons, directly
The posterior pituitary gland secretes
Oxytocin (OT) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is
Parathyroid hormone
Melatonin is the hormone produced by the
Pineal gland
Hypothalamic hormones that stimulate the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones in the anterior pituitary are called...
Releasing hormones
T3 and T4 are hormones secreted by the
Thyroid gland
An important second messenger in hormonal action
cAMP
Generally, the actions of hormones
can produce complex changes in physical structure and physiological changes
Released when blood glucose levels fall
glucagon
During the Alarm phase of GAS, there is
mobilization of glycogen and lipid reserves
The endocrine system...
relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells
Exhaustion phase of GAS is characterized by
the inability to produce glucocorticoids