Tissue integrity - Intro to Health Care Concepts - ADN

A nursing instructor is teaching students about skin structure. The instructor evaluates student knowledge of the epidermis based on which statement?

"Keratinized epithelial cells formed in the deepest layer of the epidermis migrate to the skin surface to replace cells that are lost during normal skin shedding."

The nursing instructor is discussing the function of sebaceous glands in the body. What would the teacher explain as the purpose of sebum to the students?

Assists in friction protection

Groups of cells that are closely associated in structure and have common or similar functions are called tissues. What are the types of tissue in the human body?

Connective and muscle tissue

Which type of cell in tissue produces the extracellular matrix that supports and holds the tissues together?

Connective tissue

Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerves, sebaceous glands, lymphatic vessels, hair follicles, and sweat glands?

Dermis

A 40-year-old male client has a congenital syndrome that affects the function of the Langerhans cells of his epidermis. The man's care provider would expect which manifestation of his condition?

Increased susceptibility to infection

Which is the principal hardening ingredient of the hair and nails?

Keratin

Among the skin's protective functions is the fact that it serves as an immunologic barrier. What cells are responsible for detecting foreign antigens?

Langerhans cells

Select the cells of the epidermis that are responsible for providing sensory information.

Merkel cells

Which statement best conveys an aspect of the process of keratinization?

The stratum germinativum continuously produces new keratinocytes to replace losses.

What are the two major processes involved in the inflammatory phase of wound healing?

blood clotting is initiated, WBCs move into the wound

The practitioner examines his client's foot and observes the great toe to be black and dry. The practitioner explains to the client that the dead tissue is caused by:

dry gangrene

A client has entered an environment where there are numerous infectious microorganisms. The body's first line of defense against these organisms is considered to be what?

skin

A 63-year-old female is noticing that as she ages, her skin is changing. The nurse should explain which likely causes of this phenomenon? Select all that apply.

-Decrease in the number of Langerhans cells -Decreased sebaceous gland activity -Thinning of the dermal level -Shrinkage of the keratinocytes

Why is the subcutaneous tissue considered part of the skin? Select all that apply.

-Eccrine glands extend to this layer. -Skin diseases can involve the subcutaneous tissue. -Deep hair follicles can be found in the subcutaneous tissue.

What is true about the dermis? Select all that apply.

-It is responsible for producing the proteins collagen and elastin. -It is the thickest skin layer.

Which of the following are functions of the skin? Select all that apply.

-Protection -Sensation -Temperature regulation -Immunological

Which are considered functions of the skin? Select all that apply.

-Protection against physical injury -Protection from an invasion of microbes -Synthesis of vitamin D

Which fact accounts for the variation in skin tone that exists among individuals?

Darker-skinned individuals have melanosomes that produce melanin faster.

A nurse in the emergency department admits a male client who has experienced severe frostbite to his hands and toes after becoming lost on a ski hill. The nurse recognizes that which phenomena has contributed to his tissue damage?

Decreased blood flow has induced hypoxia.

Which functional component of the cell separates intracellular and extracellular environments?

Plasma membrane

Upon assessment of a patient's wound, the nurse notes the formation of granulation tissue. The tissue easily bleeds when the nurse performs wound care. What is the phase of wound healing characterized by the nurse's assessment?

Proliferation Phase

A nurse educator is explaining how cells migrate through tissue. Which substance can cleave collagen fibers to facilitate cell migration through tissues?

Protease

A client has a watery fluid leaking from a site of inflammation. The nurse would document this type of exudate as:

Serous

Mitosis that results in the production of new epidermal cells occurs in which layer of the epidermis?

Stratum germinativum

A wound care nurse is reviewing skin anatomy with a group of medical nurses. Which area of the skin would the nurse identify as providing a cushion between the skin layers, muscles, and bones?

Subcutaneous tissue

A professor is teaching a group of students about the role of mitochondria within the cell. Which statement is true of mitochondria?

They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production

The client asks the health care provider to explain phagocytosis. The provider will respond, "Phagocytosis:

is a process where microorganisms are engulfed and subsequently degraded or killed."

A client has a history of dislocations of the same joint. The nurse understands that this is most likely due to an insufficient deposit of collagen during the healing process, leading to:

reduced tensile strength

A nurse assessing a patient's wound documents the finding of purulent drainage. What is the composition of this type of drainage?

white blood cells, debris, bacteria