Typography test

Font Styles

- Bold: heavy emphasis -Italic: Light emphasis -Wide: headers only -Narrow

Special fonts

- script Fonts: Difficult to read. Use sparingly -Decorative Fonts: Good for design. Not good for information. -Dingbats:Symbols used for special characters.

Sans Serif Fonts

-"Sans" is French for "without" -Block type used for headers,sub headers -Good for web. Not enough to pixels for serif fonts to be readable - examples: Helvetica,Arial

Emphasis Mistakes

-All caps: using all capital letters for emphasis is generally a POOR CHOICE because it is a aesthetically too jarring -Underscores: A hold over for typewriter days and should usually not be used because weight cannot be adjusted and they crash into descenders -consider using bold or italics instead of caps or underscores

ASCII Code

-American standard Code for Information Integration -Used to create special characters not listed on a computer key board without having to use dingbats -Numeric code for any character available in typeface. (Ex.: © is 169) -Can be used with most software by holding downing alt and typing 0 plus number on numeric keypad.

Font Parts

-Ascenders: b, d, f, h, k, l -Descenders: g, j, p, q,y -cap height: distance from baseline to top of the capital letters -X height: height of the lowercase letters

Columns

-Columns: Type is difficult to read if the line length is too long. Setting type in columns helps make type easier to read.width of the column and line length is relative to the point size -Column gutter: The space between columns of type. -Gutters: in double-sided documents, the combination of the inside margins of facing pages; the gutter should be wide enough to accommodate binding.

Serif Fonts

-French term -Feet at the bottom of character -Makes type readable -used for body copy -Ex: times New Roman, Garamond

Justification

-Justification: Although in special situations, right justified, centered,and right-and-left justified are acceptable, they are usually difficult to read. -text justified on both the left and the right sides often causes rivers and unusual spacing problems -right justified type should be used in special cases and is the hardest to read -for full body text, use left justified/ragged right justification in most situations

Spacing

-Kerning: space between two letters. Software usually automatically adjusts Kerning now. Kerning must be reduced for some letters combinations (Ta,Ye, AV). -Tracking:Space uniformly between all characters in a line. (E X A M P L E) -Leading: Space between lines of type, traditionally measured baseline-to-baseline, in points.

Alignment Mistakes

-Orphans: The first line of a paragraph separated from the rest of the paragraph By a column or page break -Widows: short last lines of paragraphs, usually unacceptable when separated from the rest of the paragraph by a column break, always unacceptable when separated by a page break -Rivers: Spaces between words that create irregular lines of white space in body type, particularly occurs when the lines of type have been set with excessive word spaces

Font measurement

-Points: 72 points per inch -Picas: 6 picas per inch; 12 points per pica -Em: Size a square upper case character (M). Relative to the font point size selected -En: one half as wide as an em -Measure: the length of a line, even if the line is not filled with characters (such as a centered or partial line), designated in picas.

Dashes

-Soft hyphen: Used to indicate where a word may be broken at the end of a line. -Hard hyphen: A non breaking hyphen, used when the two parts of the hyphenated word should not be separated. (Ex: I'll-fated) - En dash: Used to indicate a range. (Ex: Monday--Friday) -Em dash: Used to illustrate a break --- as illustrated here.

Vertical position

-Subscript: Slightly smaller than the rest of the font, set below the baseline. -Superscript: slightly smaller than the rest of the font,set above the baseline

Font Selection

-Use book wait for fonts. Avoid typefaces appearing too heavy or too light. stink with typefaces that do not stray too far from traditions (Times,Helvetica,Arial) -used type faces of medium width. Avoid typefaces that appeared extremely wide or narrow in width -Body type is most readable when font ranges from 8 to 12 points -avoid using too many fonts. Usually a header sans serif and a body serif are all you need.

Paragraph Identification

-clearly indicate paragraphs -the indent is always the best method to indicate paragraphs -When possible,set the indent with the software rather than using the tab key -The indent

Font

A set of characters in a specific typeface, at a specific point size, and in a specific size "12-point times bold"is a font--The typeface Times,at 12-point size,in the bold style.

Typeface

The set of characters including uppercase and lowercase alphabetical characters, numbers, punctuation and special characters. A single typeface contains many fonts, at different sizes and Styles