Uge 6

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gas vesicles

Contains compounds that aid in buoyancy

Chromosome

Contains genetic information required for survival

storage granules

Contains high-molecular weight polymers

Nearly all bacteria contain peptidoglycan. Review the structure of peptidoglycan by selecting the correct characteristics.

Polymer of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmurmaic (NAM). Contains D-amino acids not found in proteins.

Most known microorganisms maintain their internal pH

near neutral (pH 7).

The cell wall of Gram-negative bacterial cells is external to the _____

plasma membrane.

endospore

A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions.

plasmid

Extrachromosomal DNA molecules

Cytoskeleton

Involved in cell division and controlling cell shape

Ribosome

Involved in protein synthesis

The bacterial flagellum moves ______

by rotation that is powered by the proton motive force

Semiconservative replication of DNA means

each DNA made contains one old strand and one new strand of DNA.

gram positive and gram negative bacteria

gram positive - thick cell wall make of peptidoglycan and NO outer membrane, blue-purple color gram-negative - thin cell wall made up of peptidoglycan WITH outer membrane, red-pink color

A rod with the same S/V ratio as a cocci can have ____________ uptake across its cytoplasmic membrane than the cocci.

greater nutrient

Epulopiscium fishelsoni has a ____________ plasma membrane to increase its S/V ratio to compensate for its large size.

highly convoluted

A cocci with the same volume as a rod has a____ S/V ratio than does the rod.

lower

In bacteria, as the surface area-to-volume ratio increases, nutrient uptake becomes

more efficient

In addition, there is an _______external to the Gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan layer.

outer membrane

This structure contains only a thin layer of _______

peptidoglycan

The two layer cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria is separated from the plasma membrane by the______

periplasmic space


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