ULTIMATE History Ancient Greece

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Greece is home to the worlds -- st civilizations 👆

1

How was voting done (2 ways)?

1) by a show of hands or 2) votes were cast on broken pieces of pottery

In ____, Minoans built an _____ _____ on the island of ______

2000 BC, advanced, society, Crete

how many islands does Gqreece have

227

______ years later, Greeks started to form small _____ for _______ and _______. These groups set up ______ ____-______. The Greek word for a city-state is _______. This was the beginning of Greece's ______ _______ (great achievements)

300, groups, protection, stability, independent, city-states, polis, classical, age

How many people typically served on a jury?

500, but anywhere from 200 to 6,000 could serve

How many men may crowd on the Pnyx?

6,000

How many people serve on an American jury?

6-12

Oligarchy

A government in which only a few people have power.

What is the modern expression that refers to a person's weak spot and is based on a figure from Greek mythology?

Achilles

______ or marketplace was a center where farmers brought crops to trade for goods and served as a meeting place because it was large and open

Agora

______ or marketplace was a center where _____ brought ____ to trade for goods and served as a ______ place b/c it was ____ and _____.

Agora, farmers, crops, meeting, large, open

Pericles

An Athenian leader who ruled at the height of Athenian democracy.

British archaeologist named ______ discovered the ruins of Crete

Arthur Evans

Pericles

Athenian leader who ruled at the height of Athenian democracy; encouraged Athenians to take pride in their city and to participate in government

This is the city where democracy was born.

Athens

Which city-state is regarded as one of the most important polis city-states?

Athens

What happened in 330 BC?

Athens was conquered by the Macedonians from the north and ruled by the kign

He is know as the father of democracy.

Cleisthenes

Who created the Democracy Government?

Cleisthenes

Who developed the world's first democracy?

Cleisthenes

Who is known as the father of democracy?

Cleisthenes

What happened in 500 BC?

Cleisthenes gained power in Athens

Minoans live on

Crete

Mycenaeans took over ----- were the Minoan civilization died off

Crete

Mycenaeans took over ______ were the Minoan civilization died off

Crete

_____ lies in the eastern _______ Sea.

Crete, Mediterranean

Earthquakes began to destroy many cities and civilization eventually crumbled, throwing Greece into a period of war and disorder called the ______ _______

Dark Age

Cleisthenes

Didn't want aristocrats to run government; developed the world's first democracy; all citizens had the right to participate in assemblies that created laws

After setting up colonies in Greece, new colonies were set up in ______ ______.

Distant lands

He created a set of very harsh laws for Athens

Draco

How was the voting done?

Either raise your hand or put the piece of pottery in the box.

voting

Either raise your hand or put the piece of pottery in the box. What is this an example of?

______ discovered the remains of a rich ______ culture based on _____ at the city of _______.

Evans, trading, seafaring, Knossos

True or False: Since Greek communities were incredibly isolated from each other, they formed similar ways of life

False

True or False? Did Cleisthenes overthrow the Tyrants?

False- He overthrew the Aristocrats.

True or False: Everyone lived inside the walls of a city-state

False: Not everyone lived inside the walls of a city-state Ex: Farmers

Who would NOT stay in the acropolis

Farmers

Who was allowed to vote?

Free male citizens

What place has a rocky coastline and beautiful islands

Greece

Mycenaeans live on

Greece (mainland)

what type of landform is Greece

Greece is a peninsula

______ is the home of the _____ world's greatest ________.

Greece, ancient, civilization

Markets were the foundation of ________ civilization

Greek

The Mycenaeans were the first to speak what language, so they were considered the first Greeks

Greek

Many big cities today around the Mediterranean began as ____ ______

Greek cities

This group (Mycenaeans) was the first to speak ____, and therefore the first to be considered _____

Greek, Greek

They considered themselves as residents not _______.

Greeks

One of the most famous Greek heroes was ______, who fought and defeated the hydra.

Hercules

What famous Greek hero fought monsters and killed the nine-headed hydra?

Hercules

According to the poet, _____, the Mycenaeans sacked the city of _____ on the coast of ____ around ______ (we are not sure if this is accurate)

Homer, Troy, Turkey, 1200 BC

Homer's epic poem, the _______, tells the story of the final years of the Trojan War and the hero Achilles.

Iliad

What are the two great epic poems of early Greece, and who wrote them?

Iliad and Odyssey, Homer

Where did the farmers trade their crops for goods?

In the Agora(marketplace)

Arthur Evans discovered the remains of a rich trading culture based on seafaring at the city of __________

Krossos

Tyrant

Leader who rules by the use of force.

Known as the Greeks since they spoke Greek

MYC(enaeans)

Democracy in Athens came to an end after these people conquered Greece.

Macedonians

To the south is the _________ sea, to the west is the _______ sea, and to the east is the ________ sea

Mediterranean, Ionian, Aegean

To the south is the ________ Sea to the west is the _______ Sea, and to the east is the _______ Sea.

Mediterranean, lonian, Aegean

Arthur Evans named the _________ ________ after the legendary king of Crete

Minoan civilization

The _____ civilization was named after the legendary king of _____, _____, by the British archaeologists, ______ ______, who discovered the ______ on _______.

Minoan, Crete, Minos, Arthur, Evans, ruins, Crete

The _____ civilization suffered a great _____ sometime between ___ and ___

Minoan, catastrophe, 1600, 1450 BC

built an advanced society on the island of Crete, best shipbuilders of the time

Minoans

What were the first cultures that developed in ancient Greece?

Minoans and Mycenaeans

What were the two earliest cultural groups to develop in Greece?

Minoans and Mycenaeans

The ____ sailed to southern _____ and _____ for ______

Minoans, Greece, Egypt, trade

What are the names of the 2 groups of people at Greece

Minoans, Mycenaeans

What were 2 of the earliest cultures?

Minoans, Mycenaeans

Because of the decline of _____, _______ were able to take over _____

Minoans, Mycenaeans, Crete

2 of the earliest cultures were the _______ and _______

Minoans, Myceneans

Some believe the ____ were destroyed by the ______ of the mainland ______, the ______

Minoans, invasion, Greeks, Mycenaeans

What was the largest fortress?

Mycenae

Who became major traders?

Mycenaeans

The _________ didn't believe that trade had to be peaceful so they would often attack other kingdoms

Myceneans

built towns on the Greek mainland, were a warrior culture living in fortified center with stone walls

Myceneans

What was the first way of ruling?

Oligrachy

_____ ______ were plentiful.

Olive, trees

Peisistratus

Overthrew the Oligarchy; was a tyrant; made festivals, built temples and monuments

Who was the first tyrant of Athens?

Peisistratus

Citizen

People with the right to participate in government.

Citizen(s)

People with the right to participate in government.

This leader encouraged the people of his city to participate in government

Pericles

Under whose leadership did Athens reach its height?

Pericles

mountains that divide Greece and Albania

Pindos Mountains

The ______ ______ divide Greece from ______. Travels across the ____ and _____ was difficult in ancient times, so ______ were isolated from one another. Because of this, people created their own _________ and _____ of life.

Pindos, Mountains, Albania, mountains, seas, communities, governments, ways

Aristocrats

Rich landowners.

Most poets were men, but the most famous lyric poet was a woman named _______.

Sappho

What did city-states provide for the Greeks?

Security

Greek became skilled ________ and _______?

Shipbuilders and sailors

What happened in 590 BC

Solon created a set of laws that were less harsh than Draco's

Greece is a peninsula in _________?

Southern Europe

Mycenaeans were considered the first Greek civilization because they were the first to ______ _______.

Speak Greek

A greek ------ was usually built around an ------ at the top of the hill which added protection

city state, acropolis

Greek _____-_____ sent ______ and olive ____ in return

city-states, wine, oil

Both ______ influenced the entire ______ region and help shape the _____ of ______

civilizations, Aegean, cultures, Greece

After the Dark Age, Greeks began to set up city-states and entered a period of great achievements known as Greece's ________ age

classical

one that is marked by great achievements?

classical age

the building of Greece's city-states was the beginning of Greece's __________ __________

classical age

The Mycenaeans set up ____ in N. ____ and ______ from which they shipped _____

colonies, Greece, Italy, goods

After setting up _____ in Greece, ____ began to set up ____ in ______ lands

colonies, groups, colonies, distant

Colonies sent metals like ____ and ______ to mainland _____

copper, iron, Greece

Macedonians

country that Athens was conquered by

What did Draco do?

created a new set of laws that were VERY harsh

Many _____ settled and developed in ancient ______

cultures, Greece

Pericles encouraged the spread of ________________.

democracy

This term is Greek for "rule of the people"

democracy

What is Athens the birthplace of?

democracy

traveling and farming are --------😓

difficult

______ began to destroy many _______ and the Mycenaean civilization eventually crumbled, throwing ______ into a period of _____ and _______. This time period was known as the ________ _____ because few _____ of that time ______

earthquakes, cities, Greece, war, disorder, Dark, Age, records, exist

Greeks expected people to participate in its _____ and _____

economy, government

True or False: Democracy in Athens reached its height unde the rukee of a brilliany leader named Cleisthenes.

false, Pericles

True or False: In the 590's BC, a man names Solon created a set of laws less harsh than those created by Draco. Solon's laws enabled all free men living in Athens to become aristocrats.

false, citizens

True or False: Cleisthenes was not able to overthrow aristocracy.

false, he was

True or False: Draco's laws were extremely fair.

false, they were extremely harsh

True or False: Democracy in Athens reached its height under the rule of a brilliant elected leader named Cleisthenes.

false: Pericles

True or False: In the 590's BC, a man named Solon created a set of laws that were less harsh than those created by Draco. Solon's laws enabled all free men living in Athens to become aristocrats.

false: citizens

Classical

filled with great achievements

What does classical mean?

filled with great achievements

Greeks used the sea for ---- and -------

food and trading

Greeks used the sea for _____ and ______

food and trading

What were olives grown for?

food, oil

Around what feature was a Greek polis usually built?

fortress

A Greek city was usually built around a _______ that stood on top of a high ____ called the _______. The ___ around the ____ was surrounded by ____ for added ____

fortress, hill, acropolis, town, acropolis, walls, protection

Built ______ all over the Greek _____

fortresses, mainland

Who could vote?

free male citizens

What did aristocrats serve as?

generals and judges

_____ mask pictured is from a ______ in Mycenae

gold, tomb

oligarchy

government in which few people have power

With the new ______, ________ communities saw themselves as _____ countries.

governments, Greek, separate

The Greeks enjoyed telling stories of ________ who had special abilities and often faced terrible monsters.

heroes

Phyx

hill where assemblies were held

When Peisistratus dies who takes over as tyrant?

his son

City-states gave the people an _____

identity

is Greece incredibly flat or incredibly mountainy

incredibly mountainy

Colonies were ______ and traded with _______-____ on the mainland

independent, city-states

The Mycenaean civilization began to fall apart when ______ from ______ swept into _____ around ______

invaders, Europe, Greece, 1200 BC

Eventually, Greeks didn't have to worry about _____ and this freed them to _____ of becoming _____ through _____

invaders, dream, rich, trade

Greek communities were _________ from each other because travel across mountains and seas were sometimes difficult

isolated

Who rules the city state in early Athens?

kings

What are the 2 ways Athenians were ruled before democracy?

kings and oligarchy of aristocrats

Draco

leader who created a new set of laws that were extremely harch

Solon

leader who created a set of laws that were less harsh; gave more rights to non-aristocrats; all free men living in Athens became citizens

tyrant

leader who rules by the use of force

Even though the Athenians now were ruled by the king, what did they still keep?

limited democracy for about 10 years

A poem that is set to music is called a _______.

lyric poem

MYC became 📦

major traders

_______ were the _____ for ____ civilization

markets, foundation, Greek

_______ of polis formed armies to fight off enemies

men

Colonies sent _______ like copper and iron to the mainland

metals

The ancient Greeks created great _______ and works of literature that influence the way we speak and write today.

myths

Many Greek myths were told in order to explain _______ and historical events.

natural

Did common people have a lot of say in the government?

no

Were Solon's efforts enough?

no

Who did Solon give more rights to?

non-aristocrats

Giant jars for _____, wine, and _____ held the ______ paid to the ______

oil, grain, taxes, king

This term means "government by the few"

oligarchy

What is a government in which only a few people have power?

oligarchy

pick which one does not belong: oligarchy, Cleisthenes, democracy, citizens

oligarchy

____________ __________ were plentiful, and were grown for food and oil

olive trees

What kind of family was Cleisthenes born into?

one of the most powerful families in Athens

People in Athens debated issues in _________ _________ and were often ___________.

open air noisy

Where were assembles held?

outside on a hill called a Pnyx

The elaborate _____ at ______ contained many _____ colored _____ rooms, _______ for making vases, ivory _____, and _______, and _______ with drains.

palace, Knossos, brightly, living, workshops, figurines, jewelry, bathrooms

Greece is a ------- in S Europe

peninsula

Greece is one big -------- made of smaller ---------

peninsula

On what type of landform is mainland Greece located?

peninsula

The mainland of Greece is a ______, land surrounded by water on three sides.

peninsula

A ____ in ___ Europe, Greece's ______ ranges run ____ to the ____. This made ____ and _____ difficult.

peninsula, S., mountain, right, coast, travel, farming

______ of Greece is quite _____. It is one big ________ made up of a series of ______ ________. There are also many _________. Islands are dominated by _______ and there are few ______ and coastal ______ for ______ and ______

peninsula, irregular, peninsula, smaller, peninsulas, islands, mountains, valleys, plains, farming, villages

citizens

people with the right to participate in government

The Greek ________ provided security, stability, and identity to the people who lived there.

polis

What is the Greek word for a city-state?

polis

Men of the ____ formed ___ to fight off ____

polis, armies, enemies

______ and _______ assemblies were held in the markets

political, religious

______ growth became a _____ so Greeks began establishing _____

population, problem, colonies

What happened in 600 BC?

rebels tried to overthrow the aristocrats, but FAILED

This term describes the government of the United States

representative democracy

People thought of themselves as _____ of a city, not as ____

residents, Greeks

What are aristocrats?

rich landowners

aristocrats

rich landowners

Greece has a ______ terrain and is made of ________ islands

rocky, 272

Greece has _____ coastline and beautiful ______

rocky, islands

Greece has a ---🗻-- or -------- terrain and ----- islands

rocky, mountainous, beautiful

The Greek communities, however, all spoke the ______ _______.

same, language

Early Greeks traveled by ________ because travel across the mountains was difficult

sea (water) (boats) (ship)

Spending most of their time at ______, the _____ were the best _____ of the time. They carried _____, olive oil, and _____ all around the ___ Mediterranean. They traded for _____, gold, ______, and jewels

sea, Minoans, shipbuilders, wood, pottery, E., copper, silver

Early Greeks used the ______ as a source for _____ and as a way of ______ with other communities

sea, food, trading

City-states provided _____ for its people

security

What did Pericles pay people to do?

serve in the government and juries

Greeks became skilled --🚢---🔨-- and ---🚢----👨---

ship builders and sailors

Skilled --🚢---🔨-- and ---🚢----👨--- made their way to Asia

ship builders and sailors

Minoans were

shipbuilders

What job did the Minoans have?

shipbuilders

The Greek communities became skilled ______ and _____ traveling to _____ ____ (Turkey), to ____, and to surrounding _____.

shipbuilders, sailors, Asia, Minor, Egypt, islands

_____ were contained in the ____, and ____ and _____ assemblies were held in the ____

shops, market, political, religious, markets

What would happen if enough people did not gather at an assembly?

slaves were sent to the market to round up more citizens

Why were assemblies help in the Pnyx?

so all could attend

Why would juries be odd numbered?

so that there were no ties

What happened at the assemblies?

speeches on political issues were given

The Mycenaeans' ____ was made up of an ______ of powerful ______

state, alliance, monarchies

What did Pericles encourage Athenians to do?

take pride in their city and to particpate in the government

What is a bronze civilization that flourished between 2700 and 1450 BC?

the Minoans

What happened after the rival city-state attacked Athens?

the tyrants lost power and the aristocrats returned to power

When Peisistratus's son takes over as tyrant the aristocrats are not happy. What do they do to regain their power?

they convince a rival city-state to attack Athens

Why were the seas important to the early Greeks?

they provided trade routes

How did slaves gather people to attend assemblies?

they walked through the market with a long rope covered with red dye, as they walked, red dye would mark the clothing of those it touched; any citizen with red dye on his clothing had to attend assembly or pay a large fine

Why did the Greeks create colonies?

they wanted to become rich from trade

What was a tyrant in ancient Greece?

they were usually good leaders and were able to stay in power because they had strong armies and people supported them

Women, children would stay inside the acropolis if ------ came

threat

How did the ancient Greeks explain weather, seasons, and natural disasters?

through mythology

Some historians believe that a _______ _______ caused a _______ ________ on the island of Thera, which caused the downfall of the Minoans

tidal wave, volcanic eruption

Some historians believe that a ____ wave caused a _____ eruption on the island of _____, just ____ miles away

tidal, volcanic, Thera, 70

Mycenaeans built ______ on the Greek ______

towns, mainland

______ made city-states richer. By ____, Greeks had become the greatest ______ in the whole _____ region. _____ was established in _____ and around the ____ Sea

trade, 550 BC, traders, Aegean, trade, Egypt, Black

The Mycenaeans didn't believe that ____ had to be ____ so they would often _____ other _____

trade, peaceful, attack, kingdoms

True or False: An oligarchy is a government in which only a few people have power.

true

True or False: Greece is considered the birthplace of democracy, which is a type of government in which people rule themselves.

true

True or False: Greece is considred the birthplace od democracy, which is a type of government in which people rule themselevs.

true

True or False: The oligarchy in Athens lasted until one noble overthrew the government and ruled it alone as a tyrant.

true

True or False: an oligarchy is a government in which only a few people have power

true

Democracy

type of government in wich people rule themselves

The town around the acropolis was surrounded by a _______ for added protection

wall

MYC'ers were a -----🔪--- nation

warrior

Mycenaeans were a skilled _______ culture

warrior

The Mycenaeans were a _____ culture living in a _____ center with _____ walls

warrior, fortified, stone

Scientists estimate the ______ to have been _____ mph

waves, 200

_____ flooded much of ____ and the ______ threw up huge clouds of _____, ruining _____ and burying _____

waves, Crete, eruption, ash, crops, cities

market place

where would the slaves go to and find people if there was not enough people at assembly?

Greek city-states sent _______ and _______ in return to city-states

wine, olive oil

_____,______, and ______ all lived inside the walls for protection

women, children, elderly

_____, ______, and _____ all lived inside the walls for ____

women, children, elderly, protection

Who could not vote?

women, slaves, and foreigners

Greek mythology and literature has influenced many English _______ and expressions.

words

What was one way that Greek writers taught people important lessons about life?

writing fables

Did all citizens have the right to participate in the assemblies that created the city's laws?

yes

Did changes in law have to have the king's consent?

yes

Speeches were given at an assembly. Was the audience allowed to argue with the speaker?

yes

Under Solon's law, all free men could become citizens. Did citizens have the right to particpate in the government?

yes

Were people encouraged to share their opinion at assemblies?

yes

Did assemblies still meet?

yes, but they had to be very careful not to upset the king

What made the city-states rich?

Trade

Mycenaeans became major ________

Traders

Historians believe that the Myceneans attacked _______ which started the Trojan war

Troy

True or False? A noble named Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchy?

True

True or False? The Aristocrats and the Tyrants?

True

True

True or False? A noble named Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchy?

False- He overthrew the Aristocrats.

True or False? Did Cleisthenes overthrow the oligarchy

True

True or False? The Aristocrats and the Tyrants?

Democracy

Type of government in which people rule themselves.

Scientists believe the Minoans were destroyed by either a _____ or a ______ .

Volcano or a tsunami

Oligarchy

What was the first way of ruling?

Cleisthenes

Who created the Democracy Government?

Free male citizens

Who was allowed to vote?

Who would stay in the acropolis during war or a threat?

Women, children, and eldery

_______ is known as the king of the Greek gods.

Zeus

What was the king like?

a dictator who held all the power

Acropolis

a fortress atop a hill in the center of city states

What is an acropolis?

a fortress atop a hill in the center of city states

What happened in 320 BC?

a new king took over Greece abd ended Athenian democracy forever

What happened in 546 BC?

a noble names Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchy

What is a tyrant in current times?

a ruler who is harsh

Scientists believe their civilization was destroyed by

a volcano and Tsunamis

A Greek city-state was usually built around an _______ at the top of the hill which added protection

acropolis

The town around the ______ was surrounded by wall for protection.

acropolis

What is a fortress atop a tall hill in the center of the city-states?

acropolis

a greek city was usually built around a fortress that stood on top of a high hill called the ________

acropolis

The _______ often served as a central place for Greeks to meet and hold assemblies.

agora

What do you think is the major disadvantage of allowing every citizen to partcipate in law making?

all citizens have their own opinion

Greece is home to one of the world's first ______ civilization

ancient

Greek fables often feature _______ as main characters.

animals

After the kings the __________ took power.

aristocrats

Who did Cleisthenes not want to run the government?

aristocrats

Who ran the city's economy?

aristocrats

pick which one does not belong: democracy, oligarchy, tyranny, aristocrats

aristocrats

This meeting was an opportunity for all citizens to debate and vote on laws.

assembly

Why was Peisistratus, as a new ruler, called a tyrant?

because he help power through the use of force

When did the Mycenaean culture reach its height?

between 1400 and 1200 BC

How did Peisistratus bring peace and prosperity to the city of Athens?

by bringing new policies to unify the city

Many big _____ today around the _____ began as Greek _____. Ex: Istanbul in Turkey, Marseille in France, Naples in Italy.

cities, Mediterranean, colonies

Who were selected to help the government run more smoothly?

city officials

Polis

city state

What is a polis?

city state

Historians believe that they may have attacked _____, possibly starting the legendary ______ ______

Troy, Trojan, War

True or False: All Greeks spoke the same language

True

True or False: Early Greeks turned to the seas because travel across the mountains was difficult.

True

In Greece, free men who had the right to participate in the government were known as this.

citizens

Who served on juries to decide court cases?

citizens

People in polis thought of themselves as a resident of a ________, not as Greeks

city

True or False: The oligarchy in Athens lasted until one noble overthrew the government and ruled it alone as a tyrant.

True


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