ULTIMATE History Ancient Greece
Greece is home to the worlds -- st civilizations 👆
1
How was voting done (2 ways)?
1) by a show of hands or 2) votes were cast on broken pieces of pottery
In ____, Minoans built an _____ _____ on the island of ______
2000 BC, advanced, society, Crete
how many islands does Gqreece have
227
______ years later, Greeks started to form small _____ for _______ and _______. These groups set up ______ ____-______. The Greek word for a city-state is _______. This was the beginning of Greece's ______ _______ (great achievements)
300, groups, protection, stability, independent, city-states, polis, classical, age
How many people typically served on a jury?
500, but anywhere from 200 to 6,000 could serve
How many men may crowd on the Pnyx?
6,000
How many people serve on an American jury?
6-12
Oligarchy
A government in which only a few people have power.
What is the modern expression that refers to a person's weak spot and is based on a figure from Greek mythology?
Achilles
______ or marketplace was a center where farmers brought crops to trade for goods and served as a meeting place because it was large and open
Agora
______ or marketplace was a center where _____ brought ____ to trade for goods and served as a ______ place b/c it was ____ and _____.
Agora, farmers, crops, meeting, large, open
Pericles
An Athenian leader who ruled at the height of Athenian democracy.
British archaeologist named ______ discovered the ruins of Crete
Arthur Evans
Pericles
Athenian leader who ruled at the height of Athenian democracy; encouraged Athenians to take pride in their city and to participate in government
This is the city where democracy was born.
Athens
Which city-state is regarded as one of the most important polis city-states?
Athens
What happened in 330 BC?
Athens was conquered by the Macedonians from the north and ruled by the kign
He is know as the father of democracy.
Cleisthenes
Who created the Democracy Government?
Cleisthenes
Who developed the world's first democracy?
Cleisthenes
Who is known as the father of democracy?
Cleisthenes
What happened in 500 BC?
Cleisthenes gained power in Athens
Minoans live on
Crete
Mycenaeans took over ----- were the Minoan civilization died off
Crete
Mycenaeans took over ______ were the Minoan civilization died off
Crete
_____ lies in the eastern _______ Sea.
Crete, Mediterranean
Earthquakes began to destroy many cities and civilization eventually crumbled, throwing Greece into a period of war and disorder called the ______ _______
Dark Age
Cleisthenes
Didn't want aristocrats to run government; developed the world's first democracy; all citizens had the right to participate in assemblies that created laws
After setting up colonies in Greece, new colonies were set up in ______ ______.
Distant lands
He created a set of very harsh laws for Athens
Draco
How was the voting done?
Either raise your hand or put the piece of pottery in the box.
voting
Either raise your hand or put the piece of pottery in the box. What is this an example of?
______ discovered the remains of a rich ______ culture based on _____ at the city of _______.
Evans, trading, seafaring, Knossos
True or False: Since Greek communities were incredibly isolated from each other, they formed similar ways of life
False
True or False? Did Cleisthenes overthrow the Tyrants?
False- He overthrew the Aristocrats.
True or False: Everyone lived inside the walls of a city-state
False: Not everyone lived inside the walls of a city-state Ex: Farmers
Who would NOT stay in the acropolis
Farmers
Who was allowed to vote?
Free male citizens
What place has a rocky coastline and beautiful islands
Greece
Mycenaeans live on
Greece (mainland)
what type of landform is Greece
Greece is a peninsula
______ is the home of the _____ world's greatest ________.
Greece, ancient, civilization
Markets were the foundation of ________ civilization
Greek
The Mycenaeans were the first to speak what language, so they were considered the first Greeks
Greek
Many big cities today around the Mediterranean began as ____ ______
Greek cities
This group (Mycenaeans) was the first to speak ____, and therefore the first to be considered _____
Greek, Greek
They considered themselves as residents not _______.
Greeks
One of the most famous Greek heroes was ______, who fought and defeated the hydra.
Hercules
What famous Greek hero fought monsters and killed the nine-headed hydra?
Hercules
According to the poet, _____, the Mycenaeans sacked the city of _____ on the coast of ____ around ______ (we are not sure if this is accurate)
Homer, Troy, Turkey, 1200 BC
Homer's epic poem, the _______, tells the story of the final years of the Trojan War and the hero Achilles.
Iliad
What are the two great epic poems of early Greece, and who wrote them?
Iliad and Odyssey, Homer
Where did the farmers trade their crops for goods?
In the Agora(marketplace)
Arthur Evans discovered the remains of a rich trading culture based on seafaring at the city of __________
Krossos
Tyrant
Leader who rules by the use of force.
Known as the Greeks since they spoke Greek
MYC(enaeans)
Democracy in Athens came to an end after these people conquered Greece.
Macedonians
To the south is the _________ sea, to the west is the _______ sea, and to the east is the ________ sea
Mediterranean, Ionian, Aegean
To the south is the ________ Sea to the west is the _______ Sea, and to the east is the _______ Sea.
Mediterranean, lonian, Aegean
Arthur Evans named the _________ ________ after the legendary king of Crete
Minoan civilization
The _____ civilization was named after the legendary king of _____, _____, by the British archaeologists, ______ ______, who discovered the ______ on _______.
Minoan, Crete, Minos, Arthur, Evans, ruins, Crete
The _____ civilization suffered a great _____ sometime between ___ and ___
Minoan, catastrophe, 1600, 1450 BC
built an advanced society on the island of Crete, best shipbuilders of the time
Minoans
What were the first cultures that developed in ancient Greece?
Minoans and Mycenaeans
What were the two earliest cultural groups to develop in Greece?
Minoans and Mycenaeans
The ____ sailed to southern _____ and _____ for ______
Minoans, Greece, Egypt, trade
What are the names of the 2 groups of people at Greece
Minoans, Mycenaeans
What were 2 of the earliest cultures?
Minoans, Mycenaeans
Because of the decline of _____, _______ were able to take over _____
Minoans, Mycenaeans, Crete
2 of the earliest cultures were the _______ and _______
Minoans, Myceneans
Some believe the ____ were destroyed by the ______ of the mainland ______, the ______
Minoans, invasion, Greeks, Mycenaeans
What was the largest fortress?
Mycenae
Who became major traders?
Mycenaeans
The _________ didn't believe that trade had to be peaceful so they would often attack other kingdoms
Myceneans
built towns on the Greek mainland, were a warrior culture living in fortified center with stone walls
Myceneans
What was the first way of ruling?
Oligrachy
_____ ______ were plentiful.
Olive, trees
Peisistratus
Overthrew the Oligarchy; was a tyrant; made festivals, built temples and monuments
Who was the first tyrant of Athens?
Peisistratus
Citizen
People with the right to participate in government.
Citizen(s)
People with the right to participate in government.
This leader encouraged the people of his city to participate in government
Pericles
Under whose leadership did Athens reach its height?
Pericles
mountains that divide Greece and Albania
Pindos Mountains
The ______ ______ divide Greece from ______. Travels across the ____ and _____ was difficult in ancient times, so ______ were isolated from one another. Because of this, people created their own _________ and _____ of life.
Pindos, Mountains, Albania, mountains, seas, communities, governments, ways
Aristocrats
Rich landowners.
Most poets were men, but the most famous lyric poet was a woman named _______.
Sappho
What did city-states provide for the Greeks?
Security
Greek became skilled ________ and _______?
Shipbuilders and sailors
What happened in 590 BC
Solon created a set of laws that were less harsh than Draco's
Greece is a peninsula in _________?
Southern Europe
Mycenaeans were considered the first Greek civilization because they were the first to ______ _______.
Speak Greek
A greek ------ was usually built around an ------ at the top of the hill which added protection
city state, acropolis
Greek _____-_____ sent ______ and olive ____ in return
city-states, wine, oil
Both ______ influenced the entire ______ region and help shape the _____ of ______
civilizations, Aegean, cultures, Greece
After the Dark Age, Greeks began to set up city-states and entered a period of great achievements known as Greece's ________ age
classical
one that is marked by great achievements?
classical age
the building of Greece's city-states was the beginning of Greece's __________ __________
classical age
The Mycenaeans set up ____ in N. ____ and ______ from which they shipped _____
colonies, Greece, Italy, goods
After setting up _____ in Greece, ____ began to set up ____ in ______ lands
colonies, groups, colonies, distant
Colonies sent metals like ____ and ______ to mainland _____
copper, iron, Greece
Macedonians
country that Athens was conquered by
What did Draco do?
created a new set of laws that were VERY harsh
Many _____ settled and developed in ancient ______
cultures, Greece
Pericles encouraged the spread of ________________.
democracy
This term is Greek for "rule of the people"
democracy
What is Athens the birthplace of?
democracy
traveling and farming are --------😓
difficult
______ began to destroy many _______ and the Mycenaean civilization eventually crumbled, throwing ______ into a period of _____ and _______. This time period was known as the ________ _____ because few _____ of that time ______
earthquakes, cities, Greece, war, disorder, Dark, Age, records, exist
Greeks expected people to participate in its _____ and _____
economy, government
True or False: Democracy in Athens reached its height unde the rukee of a brilliany leader named Cleisthenes.
false, Pericles
True or False: In the 590's BC, a man names Solon created a set of laws less harsh than those created by Draco. Solon's laws enabled all free men living in Athens to become aristocrats.
false, citizens
True or False: Cleisthenes was not able to overthrow aristocracy.
false, he was
True or False: Draco's laws were extremely fair.
false, they were extremely harsh
True or False: Democracy in Athens reached its height under the rule of a brilliant elected leader named Cleisthenes.
false: Pericles
True or False: In the 590's BC, a man named Solon created a set of laws that were less harsh than those created by Draco. Solon's laws enabled all free men living in Athens to become aristocrats.
false: citizens
Classical
filled with great achievements
What does classical mean?
filled with great achievements
Greeks used the sea for ---- and -------
food and trading
Greeks used the sea for _____ and ______
food and trading
What were olives grown for?
food, oil
Around what feature was a Greek polis usually built?
fortress
A Greek city was usually built around a _______ that stood on top of a high ____ called the _______. The ___ around the ____ was surrounded by ____ for added ____
fortress, hill, acropolis, town, acropolis, walls, protection
Built ______ all over the Greek _____
fortresses, mainland
Who could vote?
free male citizens
What did aristocrats serve as?
generals and judges
_____ mask pictured is from a ______ in Mycenae
gold, tomb
oligarchy
government in which few people have power
With the new ______, ________ communities saw themselves as _____ countries.
governments, Greek, separate
The Greeks enjoyed telling stories of ________ who had special abilities and often faced terrible monsters.
heroes
Phyx
hill where assemblies were held
When Peisistratus dies who takes over as tyrant?
his son
City-states gave the people an _____
identity
is Greece incredibly flat or incredibly mountainy
incredibly mountainy
Colonies were ______ and traded with _______-____ on the mainland
independent, city-states
The Mycenaean civilization began to fall apart when ______ from ______ swept into _____ around ______
invaders, Europe, Greece, 1200 BC
Eventually, Greeks didn't have to worry about _____ and this freed them to _____ of becoming _____ through _____
invaders, dream, rich, trade
Greek communities were _________ from each other because travel across mountains and seas were sometimes difficult
isolated
Who rules the city state in early Athens?
kings
What are the 2 ways Athenians were ruled before democracy?
kings and oligarchy of aristocrats
Draco
leader who created a new set of laws that were extremely harch
Solon
leader who created a set of laws that were less harsh; gave more rights to non-aristocrats; all free men living in Athens became citizens
tyrant
leader who rules by the use of force
Even though the Athenians now were ruled by the king, what did they still keep?
limited democracy for about 10 years
A poem that is set to music is called a _______.
lyric poem
MYC became 📦
major traders
_______ were the _____ for ____ civilization
markets, foundation, Greek
_______ of polis formed armies to fight off enemies
men
Colonies sent _______ like copper and iron to the mainland
metals
The ancient Greeks created great _______ and works of literature that influence the way we speak and write today.
myths
Many Greek myths were told in order to explain _______ and historical events.
natural
Did common people have a lot of say in the government?
no
Were Solon's efforts enough?
no
Who did Solon give more rights to?
non-aristocrats
Giant jars for _____, wine, and _____ held the ______ paid to the ______
oil, grain, taxes, king
This term means "government by the few"
oligarchy
What is a government in which only a few people have power?
oligarchy
pick which one does not belong: oligarchy, Cleisthenes, democracy, citizens
oligarchy
____________ __________ were plentiful, and were grown for food and oil
olive trees
What kind of family was Cleisthenes born into?
one of the most powerful families in Athens
People in Athens debated issues in _________ _________ and were often ___________.
open air noisy
Where were assembles held?
outside on a hill called a Pnyx
The elaborate _____ at ______ contained many _____ colored _____ rooms, _______ for making vases, ivory _____, and _______, and _______ with drains.
palace, Knossos, brightly, living, workshops, figurines, jewelry, bathrooms
Greece is a ------- in S Europe
peninsula
Greece is one big -------- made of smaller ---------
peninsula
On what type of landform is mainland Greece located?
peninsula
The mainland of Greece is a ______, land surrounded by water on three sides.
peninsula
A ____ in ___ Europe, Greece's ______ ranges run ____ to the ____. This made ____ and _____ difficult.
peninsula, S., mountain, right, coast, travel, farming
______ of Greece is quite _____. It is one big ________ made up of a series of ______ ________. There are also many _________. Islands are dominated by _______ and there are few ______ and coastal ______ for ______ and ______
peninsula, irregular, peninsula, smaller, peninsulas, islands, mountains, valleys, plains, farming, villages
citizens
people with the right to participate in government
The Greek ________ provided security, stability, and identity to the people who lived there.
polis
What is the Greek word for a city-state?
polis
Men of the ____ formed ___ to fight off ____
polis, armies, enemies
______ and _______ assemblies were held in the markets
political, religious
______ growth became a _____ so Greeks began establishing _____
population, problem, colonies
What happened in 600 BC?
rebels tried to overthrow the aristocrats, but FAILED
This term describes the government of the United States
representative democracy
People thought of themselves as _____ of a city, not as ____
residents, Greeks
What are aristocrats?
rich landowners
aristocrats
rich landowners
Greece has a ______ terrain and is made of ________ islands
rocky, 272
Greece has _____ coastline and beautiful ______
rocky, islands
Greece has a ---🗻-- or -------- terrain and ----- islands
rocky, mountainous, beautiful
The Greek communities, however, all spoke the ______ _______.
same, language
Early Greeks traveled by ________ because travel across the mountains was difficult
sea (water) (boats) (ship)
Spending most of their time at ______, the _____ were the best _____ of the time. They carried _____, olive oil, and _____ all around the ___ Mediterranean. They traded for _____, gold, ______, and jewels
sea, Minoans, shipbuilders, wood, pottery, E., copper, silver
Early Greeks used the ______ as a source for _____ and as a way of ______ with other communities
sea, food, trading
City-states provided _____ for its people
security
What did Pericles pay people to do?
serve in the government and juries
Greeks became skilled --🚢---🔨-- and ---🚢----👨---
ship builders and sailors
Skilled --🚢---🔨-- and ---🚢----👨--- made their way to Asia
ship builders and sailors
Minoans were
shipbuilders
What job did the Minoans have?
shipbuilders
The Greek communities became skilled ______ and _____ traveling to _____ ____ (Turkey), to ____, and to surrounding _____.
shipbuilders, sailors, Asia, Minor, Egypt, islands
_____ were contained in the ____, and ____ and _____ assemblies were held in the ____
shops, market, political, religious, markets
What would happen if enough people did not gather at an assembly?
slaves were sent to the market to round up more citizens
Why were assemblies help in the Pnyx?
so all could attend
Why would juries be odd numbered?
so that there were no ties
What happened at the assemblies?
speeches on political issues were given
The Mycenaeans' ____ was made up of an ______ of powerful ______
state, alliance, monarchies
What did Pericles encourage Athenians to do?
take pride in their city and to particpate in the government
What is a bronze civilization that flourished between 2700 and 1450 BC?
the Minoans
What happened after the rival city-state attacked Athens?
the tyrants lost power and the aristocrats returned to power
When Peisistratus's son takes over as tyrant the aristocrats are not happy. What do they do to regain their power?
they convince a rival city-state to attack Athens
Why were the seas important to the early Greeks?
they provided trade routes
How did slaves gather people to attend assemblies?
they walked through the market with a long rope covered with red dye, as they walked, red dye would mark the clothing of those it touched; any citizen with red dye on his clothing had to attend assembly or pay a large fine
Why did the Greeks create colonies?
they wanted to become rich from trade
What was a tyrant in ancient Greece?
they were usually good leaders and were able to stay in power because they had strong armies and people supported them
Women, children would stay inside the acropolis if ------ came
threat
How did the ancient Greeks explain weather, seasons, and natural disasters?
through mythology
Some historians believe that a _______ _______ caused a _______ ________ on the island of Thera, which caused the downfall of the Minoans
tidal wave, volcanic eruption
Some historians believe that a ____ wave caused a _____ eruption on the island of _____, just ____ miles away
tidal, volcanic, Thera, 70
Mycenaeans built ______ on the Greek ______
towns, mainland
______ made city-states richer. By ____, Greeks had become the greatest ______ in the whole _____ region. _____ was established in _____ and around the ____ Sea
trade, 550 BC, traders, Aegean, trade, Egypt, Black
The Mycenaeans didn't believe that ____ had to be ____ so they would often _____ other _____
trade, peaceful, attack, kingdoms
True or False: An oligarchy is a government in which only a few people have power.
true
True or False: Greece is considered the birthplace of democracy, which is a type of government in which people rule themselves.
true
True or False: Greece is considred the birthplace od democracy, which is a type of government in which people rule themselevs.
true
True or False: The oligarchy in Athens lasted until one noble overthrew the government and ruled it alone as a tyrant.
true
True or False: an oligarchy is a government in which only a few people have power
true
Democracy
type of government in wich people rule themselves
The town around the acropolis was surrounded by a _______ for added protection
wall
MYC'ers were a -----🔪--- nation
warrior
Mycenaeans were a skilled _______ culture
warrior
The Mycenaeans were a _____ culture living in a _____ center with _____ walls
warrior, fortified, stone
Scientists estimate the ______ to have been _____ mph
waves, 200
_____ flooded much of ____ and the ______ threw up huge clouds of _____, ruining _____ and burying _____
waves, Crete, eruption, ash, crops, cities
market place
where would the slaves go to and find people if there was not enough people at assembly?
Greek city-states sent _______ and _______ in return to city-states
wine, olive oil
_____,______, and ______ all lived inside the walls for protection
women, children, elderly
_____, ______, and _____ all lived inside the walls for ____
women, children, elderly, protection
Who could not vote?
women, slaves, and foreigners
Greek mythology and literature has influenced many English _______ and expressions.
words
What was one way that Greek writers taught people important lessons about life?
writing fables
Did all citizens have the right to participate in the assemblies that created the city's laws?
yes
Did changes in law have to have the king's consent?
yes
Speeches were given at an assembly. Was the audience allowed to argue with the speaker?
yes
Under Solon's law, all free men could become citizens. Did citizens have the right to particpate in the government?
yes
Were people encouraged to share their opinion at assemblies?
yes
Did assemblies still meet?
yes, but they had to be very careful not to upset the king
What made the city-states rich?
Trade
Mycenaeans became major ________
Traders
Historians believe that the Myceneans attacked _______ which started the Trojan war
Troy
True or False? A noble named Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchy?
True
True or False? The Aristocrats and the Tyrants?
True
True
True or False? A noble named Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchy?
False- He overthrew the Aristocrats.
True or False? Did Cleisthenes overthrow the oligarchy
True
True or False? The Aristocrats and the Tyrants?
Democracy
Type of government in which people rule themselves.
Scientists believe the Minoans were destroyed by either a _____ or a ______ .
Volcano or a tsunami
Oligarchy
What was the first way of ruling?
Cleisthenes
Who created the Democracy Government?
Free male citizens
Who was allowed to vote?
Who would stay in the acropolis during war or a threat?
Women, children, and eldery
_______ is known as the king of the Greek gods.
Zeus
What was the king like?
a dictator who held all the power
Acropolis
a fortress atop a hill in the center of city states
What is an acropolis?
a fortress atop a hill in the center of city states
What happened in 320 BC?
a new king took over Greece abd ended Athenian democracy forever
What happened in 546 BC?
a noble names Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchy
What is a tyrant in current times?
a ruler who is harsh
Scientists believe their civilization was destroyed by
a volcano and Tsunamis
A Greek city-state was usually built around an _______ at the top of the hill which added protection
acropolis
The town around the ______ was surrounded by wall for protection.
acropolis
What is a fortress atop a tall hill in the center of the city-states?
acropolis
a greek city was usually built around a fortress that stood on top of a high hill called the ________
acropolis
The _______ often served as a central place for Greeks to meet and hold assemblies.
agora
What do you think is the major disadvantage of allowing every citizen to partcipate in law making?
all citizens have their own opinion
Greece is home to one of the world's first ______ civilization
ancient
Greek fables often feature _______ as main characters.
animals
After the kings the __________ took power.
aristocrats
Who did Cleisthenes not want to run the government?
aristocrats
Who ran the city's economy?
aristocrats
pick which one does not belong: democracy, oligarchy, tyranny, aristocrats
aristocrats
This meeting was an opportunity for all citizens to debate and vote on laws.
assembly
Why was Peisistratus, as a new ruler, called a tyrant?
because he help power through the use of force
When did the Mycenaean culture reach its height?
between 1400 and 1200 BC
How did Peisistratus bring peace and prosperity to the city of Athens?
by bringing new policies to unify the city
Many big _____ today around the _____ began as Greek _____. Ex: Istanbul in Turkey, Marseille in France, Naples in Italy.
cities, Mediterranean, colonies
Who were selected to help the government run more smoothly?
city officials
Polis
city state
What is a polis?
city state
Historians believe that they may have attacked _____, possibly starting the legendary ______ ______
Troy, Trojan, War
True or False: All Greeks spoke the same language
True
True or False: Early Greeks turned to the seas because travel across the mountains was difficult.
True
In Greece, free men who had the right to participate in the government were known as this.
citizens
Who served on juries to decide court cases?
citizens
People in polis thought of themselves as a resident of a ________, not as Greeks
city
True or False: The oligarchy in Athens lasted until one noble overthrew the government and ruled it alone as a tyrant.
True
