UNCC Lecture Exam 3

Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain

Acetylcholine

Reflex arcs

Are capable of receiving stimulus and yielding a response

A neuroglial cell that is a major component of the blood-brain barrier is the

Astrocyte

Which of the following is responsible for problem-solving skills?

Central nervous system

If an animal had its cerebrum removed, it cannot

see

What structural feature of the brain regulates the movement of materials from the blood into the brain?

blood-brain barrier

Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

from node to node on a myelinated axon

Which is part of a thin myofilament?

globular (G) actin

Which is mismatched?

microglia- provide support for the neuron cell body

Endomysium is a delicate network of loose connective tissue that

surrounds each muscle fiber

The junction of a neuron with another cell is a/an

synpase

What are some functions of the skeletal system?

-Body movement -Maintenance of posture -Respiration -Production of heat Constriction of organs is NOT a function

Arrange the following in order from the diencephalon downward: (1) spinal cord (2) midbrain (3) medulla (4) pons

2, 4, 3, 1 Midbrain---> pons---> medulla oblangata---> spinal cord

Reflexes

A Are homeostatic

Structurally, the simplest reflex is the

A Stretch reflex

Projection fibers will connect

A The cerebrum to other parts of the brain and the spinal cord

A sacromere extends from

A one Z disk to an adjacent Z dick

There are _____ enlargements of the spinal cord where nerves supplying the extremities enter and leave.

A two

The active sites to which cross-bridges attach are found on the

B Actin myofilaments

Microglia

B Are phagocytic cells in the CNS

Neurons that have a single axon and a single dendrite are

B Bipolar

The sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

B Conveys action potentials to the CNS

Which of the following would contribute to muscular fatigue in the muscle fiber?

B Depletion of ATP reserves

The sensory root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as

B Dorsal root

Hypertrophy of skeletal muscles from weight lifting is caused by an increase in the

B Size of muscle fibers

Which area of the brain contains areas that initiates REM sleep?

B pons

The central nervous system includes the:

B spinal cord

The white matter of the cerebellum forms a branching network known as the

C Arbor vitae

Protein synthesis in neurons occurs in

C Cell bodies or soma

In the spinal cord, white matter is organized into

C Columns and the gray matter into horns

Which of the following statements concerning the brainstem is true?

C Damage to the brainstem is usually fatal

Which of the following connective tissue layers is outside all the others?

C Epimysium

Incomplete tetanus:

C Is the condition in which the muscle fiber only partially relaxes between contractions.

Digestion of food is regulated by the

C Parasympathetic division of the ANS

The model that describes the contraction of the muscle is called the

C Sliding filament model

The central nervous system develops from a flat mass of tissue called the neural

C plate

The spinal cord ends at the

D 2nd lumbar vertebrae

The middle, thin, spider-like meninx (singular for meninges) is the

D Arachnoid mater

Which type(s) of muscle tissue possesses striations?

D Both skeletal and cardiac muscle

Neurotransmitters

D Cause the production of action potentials in the postsynaptic membrane.

Ridges of the cerebellar cortex are called

D Folia

An individual who has an eating disorder along with intense thirst and wildly varying body temperatures may have a dysfunction of the

D Hypothalamus

Clusters of gray matter deep within the brain are called

D Nuclei

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters and are present in the

D Presynaptic terminals

The blood-brain barrier

D Protects neurons from toxic substances in the blood

Muscles exhibit the property of excitability. This means that the muscle

D Responds to stimulation by the nervous system

The lateral fissure separates the ______ form the rest of the cerebrum

D Temporal lobe

The spinal cord

D links the peripheral nervous system to the brain

Place the following parts of a reflex arc in the correct order beginning with the sensory receptor

E 1. sensory receptor 2. sensory neuron 3. interneuron 4. motor neuron 5. effector

A reflex that protects limbs by removing them from painful stimuli is the

E Withdrawal reflex

What structures are formed from neural crest cells?

E Sensory autonomic, and enteric neurons, Pigmented ***finish answer***

Reflexes function in

E all of these choices are correct Removing the body from painful stimuli Keeping the body from falling Maintaining blood pressure Maintaning blood CO2 levels

What space, found between the vertebral wall and the dura mater, is the area for injecting anesthesia for childbirth?

Epidural space

The portion of the cerebellum that is involved in balance and eye movements is the

Flocculonodular lobe

The reticular formation

Is composed of nuclei ***finish answer***

Which portion of the brainstem is continuous with the spinal cord?

Medulla oblongata

What does NOT match

Muosin myofilaments- thin myofilanments

Which of the following events occurs on the postsynaptic membrane?

Neurotransmitter combines with a receptor molecule

A neuron that conducts pain sensations to the central nervous system would be classified as a

Sensory or afferent neuron

Which type of muscle tissue would cause flexion and extension of the arm?

Skeletal muscle

Which type of muscle tissue has spindle-shaped cells?

Smooth Muscle

Axons contain

The trigger zone

What are functions of the cerebellum?

all but C -Coordinate control of voluntary movements -Help in the maintenance of muscle tone -Control skeletal muscles to maintain balance -Control of posture, locomotion, and fine motor coordination

Terms that belong with each other:

all but D -medulla oblongata -midbrain -pons -reticular formation word that doesn't fit: thalamus

Which type of muscle tissue is autorhythmic?

cardiac and smooth muscle

The thickest layer of the meninges is the

dura mater

The spinal cord begins at the

foramen magnum

Which of the following brain areas serves as the major control center of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system?

hypothalamus

Water-soluble molecules such as glucose and amino acids move across the blood-brain barrier by

mediated transport

Which of the following actions is caused by contracting of skeletal muscle?

moving your feet in walking

Where is cerebrospinal fluid found around the spinal cord?

subarachnoid space