Unit 1 APGOV

A) prospective voting

A person votes for Democratic candidates based on the belief that the policies of the democratic party will be personally beneficial. This type of voting matches, which of the following voting behavior models? A) prospective voting B) retrospective voting C) straight ticket voting D) rational choice voting

D) the electorate will be less able to accurately compares the policy platforms of candidates running in the election

An important senate race takes place in the state of Georgia rather than focus on the issue positions taken by the candidates a 24 hour cable news station instead focus primarily on poll results and campaign strategies using a "big board" to show the counties. where are each candidate has the most support which of the following is an effect of this type of new coverage? A) The electorate will be increasingly divided along partisan lines B) The electorate will be more likely to turn out to vote on election day C)The electorate will be more likely to have expanded knowledge of the electoral process D) the electorate will be less able to accurately compares the policy platforms of candidates running in the election

B) political parties will rely increasingly on social media advertising to reach different collations of voters

Any candidate using Facebook and put a campaign message promising one thing in front of one group of voters well simultaneously running an ad with a completely opposite message in front of a different group of folders. The ads themselves are not posted anywhere for the general public to see, and chances are, no one will ever be the wiser. That undermines the very idea of a marketplace of ideas says in Ravel, a former member of the federal election commission, who has long advocated, strict regulations on digital campaigning. The way to have a robust democracy is for people to hear all these ideas and make decisions and discuss," Ravel said. "With microtargeting that is not happening." Which of the following scenarios reflect the most direct effect of the practice described in the passage on the electoral process ? A) state legislators will redraw the boundaries of electoral districts to group like-minded voters together B) political parties will rely increasingly on social m

C) Trump or Clinton could have adopted issues that were popular with Stines and Johnson's voters in Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin as part of their campaigns

Based on the data in the chart and your knowledge of presidential elections, which of the following is the best strategy that Hillary Clinton or Donald Trump could've used to pull votes away from the third-party candidats, Jill Stein and Gary Johnson? A) Trump, or Clinton could have promised to work with members of third parties in Congress if elected B) Trump or Clinton could have agreed to appoint Stein or Johnson to cabinet positions after the election C) Trump or Clinton could have adopted issues that were popular with Stines and Johnson's voters in Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin as part of their campaigns D) Trump and Clinton could have a greed to include Stein and Johnson in presidential debates to show that they were open to discussing issue important to third parties

Which of the following statements about Americans trust in the mass media is best supported by the data in the graph? A) it generally increased over time. B) it experienced its largest increase in 2013 C) it generally decreased overtime D) it experience its largest decrease in 2016

C) it generally decreased overtime

D) the winner, take all system of the electoral college encourages presidential candidates to focus their time and effort, disproportionately on battleground states with larger populations

Critics of winner, take all aspect of the electoral college, are most likely to make which of the following arguments? A) the winner take all system of the electoral college undermines the rights of states B) estates presidential election results rarely mirror a states congressional election results C) the winner, take all system of the electoral college drives presidential candidates to focus on winning states that are considered to be part of their core supporters D) the winner, take all system of the electoral college encourages presidential candidates to focus their time and effort, disproportionately on battleground states with larger populations

A) Wyoming

Given the information in the graph, which of the following states within individuals, vote likely have more influence? A) Wyoming B) West Virginia C) Alabama D) California

C) influencing which issues the public sees as important

The media's effect on public opinion can best be described as A) influencing older citizens opinions of incumbents B) affecting the public's views on domestic policy only C) influencing which issues the public sees as important D) changing well educated people's views on foreign policy E) influencing the public views on controversial issues only

D) collect and manage large databases of information on specific groups of voters

The practice of micro targeting described in the passage is an even more powerful campaign tool for parties, if they are able to? A) command greater loyalty to the party platform B) attract a large audience for the national party conventions C) develop a unified message that appeals to majority of voters D) collect and manage large databases of information on specific groups of voters

B) cover campaigns by emphasizing the relative standings of the candidates in the polls rather then the issues they discuss.

The term "horse-race journalism" refers to the tendency of the media to A) covers Congress by focusing on committee chairs, rather than on the work of the committees B) cover campaigns by emphasizing the relative standings of the candidates in the polls rather then the issues they discuss. C) cover politics by concentrating on scandal and corruption, rather than on instances of integrity and honorable action D) compete for access to sources rather than to cooperate and gathering news E) compete to be the first with major breaking stories rather than trying to present full, accurate accounts of such stories

B) PACs may spend unlimited funds on advertisements that are not coordinated with the campaign, because they are protected by the freedom of speech

There is an ongoing debate over the role of money in elections. The Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 banned soft money and restricted advertisements in the weeks before an election. Parts of this act were challenged and struck down in the Supreme Court case Citizens United v. Federal Election Commison (2010) Which of the following was a consequence of that ruling? A) the federal election commission cannot place any restrictions on political advertisements, because they are protected by the freedom of speech B) PACs may spend unlimited funds on advertisements that are not coordinated with the campaign, because they are protected by the freedom of speech C) advertisements produced in coordination between campaigns in PACs, cannot be restricted because they are protected by the freedom of speech D) the federal election commission can place restrictions, and all advertisements, because they are not protected by the freedom of speech

E) there is increase similarity of network news coverage

Which of the following describes a consequence of the growing concentration of ownership of the news media? A) newspaper prices have gone down B) coverage of political events has gotten more liberal over time C) prices for televise campaign ads have gone down D) candidates to get more free airtime E) there is increase similarity of network news coverage

B) Demand for instantaneous news reporting has led to the growth of 24 hour news operations in a shift to online media consumption

Which of the following is a true statement about the role of the media and providing citizens with information? A) investigative reporting dominates the news because it is less expensive than political commentary B) Demand for instantaneous news reporting has led to the growth of 24 hour news operations in a shift to online media consumption C) the media is increasingly controlled by the major political parties, who determine which stories are covered by the press D) there's been an increase in social media and Internet news consumption by the public, causing the top-five media conglomerates to have greater control over public opinion

E) network news coverage is usually dominated by reporters who offer relatively short soundbites from the candidates

Which of the following most accurately describes media coverage of elections? A) coverage of presidential primary skip relatively equal power to states, regardless of when they hold their primaries B) coverage tends to focus on issues, rather than on which candidate is ahead in public opinion polls C) Reporters who usesecret sources in their campaign coverage are shielded by federal law from having to reveal those sources. D) radio and television stations must provide on their news, broadcast equal time for an equal coverage of major party candidates E) network news coverage is usually dominated by reporters who offer relatively short soundbites from the candidates

B) voter mobilization

Which of the following political processes or behaviors, is most directly affected by the development described in the passage? A) partisan voting in Congress B) voter mobilization C) campaign finance reform D) regional party realignments

B) Consumer-driven media reinforces existing political biases in individuals

Which of the following provides the most accurate explanation of how consumer-driven media increases partisan? A) Consumer-driven media tends to avoid discussing controversial political topics B) Consumer-driven media reinforces existing political biases in individuals C) Consumer-driven media relies heavily on corporate advertising D) Consumer-driven media is overwhelmingly conservative

A) a decrease in the role of political parties in campaign management

Which of the following represents a consequence of candidate center electoral campaigns? A) a decrease in the role of political parties in campaign management B) a decrease in the number of third-party candidates on the ballot C) a decrease in the amount of money spent on political campaigns D) a decrease in voter outreach and mobilization efforts

A) wealthier individuals are more likely to become involved in campaigns, because they believe that their actions may influence the candidates

Which of the following scenarios explains how demographic factors affect voter participation in elections? A) wealthier individuals are more likely to become involved in campaigns, because they believe that their actions may influence the candidates B) individuals who belong to marginalized groups are likely to participate in elections because their issues are often highlighted by political party leaders C) Political action committees PACs raise money from their donors, which they used to run television advertisement during campaigns D) Gerrymandered district are likely to produce competitive districts, which leads to lower turnout rates in elections

D) Few advertisements appealed to positive emotions

Which of the following statements is true regarding political advertisements in 2012, based on the information graphic? A) Taxpayers paid over $2 billion for political advertisements B) political action committees aired 3 million political ads C) fewer than 2 million advertisements were aired in 2012 D) Few advertisements appealed to positive emotions