UNIT 1 GOV

Which of the following pairs has resulted in expanded power for the national government? Constitutional Provision. Supreme Court Case A The Tenth Amendment Marbury v. Madison B The Fourteenth Amendment Brown v. Board of Education C The Commerce Clause United States v. Lopez D The Necessary and Proper Clause McCulloch v. Maryland

A

Which of the following is a chief argument in Federalist No. 10? A bill of Rights is necessary to secure liberty Judicial review will prevent harsh laws against the citizenry Free speech should be added to the Constitution A large, diverse republic will tame factions

A large, diverse republic will tame factions

In 2001, Congress passed the No Child Left Behind Act, which President George W. Bush signed. This act required states to administer regular standardized exams to students starting in the third grade. States that refused to do this would not receive federal education funds. This is an example of The national government using the grant process to influence state behavior. An unfunded federal mandate. Congress exercising its enumerated power over education policy. A president using an executive order to bypass states' obstruction of policy.

An unfunded federal mandate.

The next most palpable defect of the subsisting Confederation, is the total want of a SANCTION to its laws. The United States, as now composed, have no powers to exact obedience, or punish disobedience to their resolutions, either by pecuniary [fines], by a suspension or divestiture of privileges, or by any other constitutional mode. There is no express delegation of authority to them to use force against delinquent members; and if such a right should be ascribed to the federal head, as resulting from the nature of the social compact between the States, it must be by inference and construction... There is, doubtless, a striking absurdity in supposing that a right of this kind does not exist. . . Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist 21 The national government, by natural right, has more power than the state governments. Under federalism, the states retain more power than the national government. As a practical matter, the laws of the national government ought to have supremacy over state laws. Separation of powers means that the national government is limited to passing only legislation that all the states want.

As a practical matter, the laws of the national government ought to have supremacy over state laws.

Which of the following is the correct pairing of powers found in the Articles of Confederation and powers found in the Constitution? Articles of Confederation-United States Constitution A)Protection of individual liberties-No protection of specific individual rights B)Powerful executive branch-Federal government supreme over states C)Unicameral legislature-Bicameral legislature D)Amendment requires unanimity of all states-Amendment requires the president's approval

C

In the case United States v. Lopez (1995), the Court struck down the Gun-Free School Zones Act because Students retain their First Amendment rights while attending public schools It violated Fourth Amendment protections against unwarranted searches The Second Amendment is a right incorporated to the states Congress exceeded its authority in the use of the Commerce clause

Congress exceeded its authority in the use of the Commerce clause

Which if the following best illustrates the concept of separation of powers in the U.S. Constitution? Congress has authority over the federal budget, while the President is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces. Florida can set educational policies for its students, while Massachusetts can set different educational policies for its students Congress can pass a statute, while the Supreme Court can declare it unconstitutional The President and Senate each play a role in appointing federal judges

Congress has authority over the federal budget, while the President is Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.

Brutus expressed concerns about each of the following EXCEPT federal supremacy Congressional term limits power to lay and collect taxes power to have a standing army

Congressional term limits

Federal Unitary A Powers of the states expressly defined in the Constitution The vague language of the constitution limits the power of the national government. B Most of the power is given to the state governments. The national government shares power with state governments. C The national government has most of the power. The national government has all of the power, and there are no state governments. D Power is constitutionally shared between the national and state governments. The national government may grant certain powers to the states.

D

Which of the following accurately characterizes the main difference between elite theories and pluralist theories of politics in the United States? Elite theories concentrate on the role of interest groups; pluralist theories emphasize the role of individuals. Elite theories argue that a single minority dominates politics in all policy areas; pluralist theories argue that many minorities compete for power in different policy areas. Elite theories argue that social status is the major source of political power; pluralist theories argue that wealth is the major source. Elite theories emphasize the multiple access points that interest groups have to public officials; pluralist theories stress the limits in the number and effectiveness of such access points.

Elite theories argue that a single minority dominates politics in all policy areas; pluralist theories argue that many minorities compete for power in different policy areas.

What is the significance of the data on the graph, and how do the data relate to American government and politics? The federal government is no longer subject to the checks and balances that were established in the original Constitution. For over fifty years, the federal government has become increasingly involved in state and local governmental affairs. The federal government has forced the states to devote a larger share of their budgets to health and income security. Federal spending on items such as defense and border security has decreased since 1960.

For over fifty years, the federal government has become increasingly involved in state and local governmental affairs.

States generally prefer block grants over categorical grants because block grants Are more focused on social issues than categorical grants are. Are more targeted to specific state needs than categorical grants are. Give the states more money than categorical grants do Give states greater flexibility in using the funds than categorical grants do.

Give states greater flexibility in using the funds than categorical grants do.

Which is the most democratic institution of government that represents the framers' commitment to a limited republic? House of Representatives Electoral College U.S. Senate Supreme Court

House of Representatives

The reserved powers of the state governments can best be described as those powers Listed specifically in the Tenth Amendment Implied in the Fifth Amendment Exercised by both national and state governments Not specifically granted to the national government or denied to the states

Not specifically granted to the national government or denied to the states

Which of the following scenarios best reflects a democratic benefit of federalism? When creating policy, federalism reduces red tape and overlap between the federal and state governments. The federal court system settles a dispute between the state and national government Several states pass legislation increasing the minimum wage because of the high cost of living in their respective states. A group of states blocks the implementation of a federal clean air policy that has overwhelming public support.

Several states pass legislation increasing the minimum wage because of the high cost of living in their respective states.

Which of the following was a direct outcome of the Three-Fifths Compromise? Congress was given the power to levy an income tax Congress was able to end the slave trade in 1808 the number of Senators increased in slaveholding states Correct answer: Slaveholding states were able to increase their representation in the House

Slaveholding states were able to increase their representation in the House

Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the Supreme Court's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland? The Court ruled that the necessary and proper clause allows the national government to create banks, strengthening national power. The Court upheld a division of power between the states and the national government by allowing states to tax national banks within their borders. The Court ruled that states have authority over commercial activity within their borders, weakening national power. The Court ruled that creating a national bank fell within the national government's enumerated powers, confirming national power

The Court ruled that the necessary and proper clause allows the national government to create banks, strengthening national power.

The debates between Federalists and Anti-Federalists were primarily about which of the following issues? The scope of power of the central government The existence of slavery The right of the people to rebel The representation of large and small states

The scope of power of the central government

benefit of federalism is that There are clear lines of authority and decision making for citizens and institutions. There are many opportunities for citizens to give input and influence policy. The influence of interest groups is limited by the competing levels of government. Policymaking is streamlined and easily accomplished. There are many opportunities for citizens to give input and influence policy.

There are clear lines of authority and decision making for citizens and institutions.

In the case Marbury v. Madison, the Court examined a conflict between the Commerce clause and Article III a Congressional statute and Article III Article I and Article III

a Congressional statute and Article III

The Connecticut Compromise provided for the elimination of the importation of slaves Congressional power to tax a bicameral legislature with proportional and equal representation an electoral college to elect the President

a bicameral legislature with proportional and equal representation

According to Publius, which of the following best controls the effects of faction? direct democracy a small republic state governments a large republic

a large republic

Brutus was an example of an Anti-Federalist because he believed that compromise between the branches of government would ensure a limited government argued that a national military force was needed to deal with insurrections believed a centralized government posed a major threat to individual rights argued that the laws passed by the national government were supreme over state laws

believed a centralized government posed a major threat to individual rights

Giving state governments greater discretion in deciding how to achieve the specific goals of welfare reform is an example of dual federalism an unfunded mandate devolution affirmative action

devolution

The Americans with Disabilities Act, which requires state to provides protections for the disabled under federal law, is an example of dual federalism referendum a federal mandate elite democracy

federal mandate

Shays' Rebellion highlighted which of the following weaknesses of the national government under the Articles of Confederation? Lack of power to tax the people directly Lack of power to regulate interstate commerce Lack of power to declare war and peace Lack of power to keep a standing army

lack of power to keep a standing army

Which of the following pairs is correct in regards to the amendment process? Proposal Ratification A Two-thirds of both houses of Congress propose an amendment Three-fourths of state legislatures ratify a proposed amendment B Two-thirds of a national convention propose an amendment One-half of a national referendum ratify a proposed amendment C The president proposes an amendment Three-fourths of state conventions ratify a proposed amendment D Three-fourths of state governors propose an amendment The president signs a proposed amendment Correct answer:

row a

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan? New Jersey Plan Virginia Plan (A) Included a layered system of national courts Made the states supreme (B) Created a bicameral legislature Assured states would retain sovereignty (C) Gave the national legislature only defined and limited powers Included a three-branch system and a bicameral legislature (D) Made the national government supreme over the states Allowed importation of slaves for 20 years after ratification

row c

Arizona enacted an immigration law in 2010, claiming the legislation complemented existing federal law. The Obama administration disagreed, claiming the state law conflicted with national law. Which clause of the Constitution did the Supreme Court most likely use to strike down a section of the state law? Supremacy clause Full faith and credit clause Commerce clause Necessary and proper clause

supremacy clause

In 1993, Congress enacted the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, mandating that anyone seeking to buy a firearm must first undergo a federal background check. One provision in that act required state law enforcement officials to conduct those background checks. In Printz v. United States (1997), the Supreme Court declared that portion of the act to be unconstitutional, reasoning, "The Federal Government may not compel the States to enact or administer a federal regulatory program." Necessary and proper clause Ninth Amendment Tenth Amendment The Commerce Clause

tenth amendment