Unit 1- Origin of Earth

The National Weather Service issues an earthquake warning for Los Angeles, California. This prediction most likely came from:

a geologist

When interviewed, Mr. Harrison was discussing barometric pressure and the low-pressure system moving in that may cause a change in precipitation and wind gusts. Mr. Harrison is most likely _____.

a geologist

Sirens begin to blast through the night. The people of the town know a tornado is coming. What type of scientist would know how to predict that the tornado was coming?

a meteorologist

The hydrosphere is comprised of _____.

bodies of water, such as oceans and lakes.

____________ is a collective human effort to comprehend, or better understand, the history of the natural world and how it works, through physical evidence collected via observations.

Science

A scientific ___________ is a description of an observed phenomenon that holds true every time it's tested under a given set of conditions.

law

Astronomy is the discipline in science that studies _____.

solar systems

The discovery of a very early form of helium supports the big bang theory because _____.

helium was one. of the first elements to be formed after the Big Bang

According to the Big Bang theory, approximately when did the universe begin?

13 billion years ago

According to the big bang theory, how long ago did the universe begin?

13 to 15 billion years ago

According to the big bang theory, after the "bang," the universe remained dark until about _________ later, when neutral atoms began to form.

300,000 years

How was CMB radiation first discovered?

A radio receiver accidentally picked up its energy.

The theory says that the big bang produced the chemical elements hydrogen and helium. What evidence supports this?

Astronomers found primordial gases with the expected ratio of helium to hydrogen

Lemaitre (based on Hubble's observations) was the first to suggest the _____.

Big Bang theory

Which statement is true? A. Oceanographers study celestial bodies, such as stars and planets. B. Astronomers study rocks and earth processes, such as earthquakes. C. Meteorologists study the atmosphere and weather patterns. D. Geologists study the oceans and currents around the world.

C. Meteorologists study the atmosphere and weather patterns.

The Big Bang produced an imprint of leftover heat called _____.

CMB radiation

Which statement is true? A. The perfect cosmological principle is the basis for the oscillating universe theory. B. The oscillating universe theory suggests that the universe will expand forever. C. The perfect cosmological principle is the basis for the big bang theory. D. The perfect cosmological principle is the basis for the steady state theory.

D. The perfect cosmological principle is the basis for the steady state theory

Mr. Biggins believes that the universe has been and always will look and be structured the same throughout all time. He supports the _______ principle.

Perfect cosmological

How has the Doppler effect and the redshift of stars and galaxies indicated that the universe is expanding?

The Doppler effect says that the frequency of sound or light waves is affected by whether the emitting object is moving toward or away from the observer. The color red has the longest wavelength.

How can scientists test their ideas about the origin of the universe if they can't physically interact with or study it?

The cosmological principle makes assumptions that provide scientific guidelines to enable its study

The big bang theory suggests that the origin of the universe began with that exploded and expanded.

a compact fireball

There is a species of starfish called the crown of thorns. This species is responsible for killing coral reefs around the world. If you want to find out how these species have become so abundant around the world, who would you call?

an oceanographer

A scientist announces that the best possible chance for finding life on other bodies within our solar system would be on Jupiter's moon Europa. The scientist responsible for this statement would be in the scientific field of _____.

astronomy

Scientists who study the origin and structure of the universe are known as _____.

cosmologists

The flame symbol represents which of the following hazards?

fire hazard

According to the big bang theory, the universe was once a very ______ and hostile place.

hot

A scientific ___________ is a proposed explanation for a narrow set of phenomena.

hypothesis

The Doppler effect indicates that the frequency of energy (sound or light) waves ________ when an object is approaching and _______ when an object is moving away.

increases/ decreases

The most recent theory that upholds the big bang theory, but suggests a sudden expansion after the bang, is called the _____.

inflation theory

Which theory explains why our universe is structured and uniform and suggests that the universe is flat in shape?

inflation theory

Decide which action should be a priority when beginning a science experiment.

locate safety equipment

This theory suggests that for every big bang, there is a big crunch.

oscillating universe theory

Mr. Tolman believes that our universe is expanding, but with all of the gravitational force from the celestial bodies of space, the universe will begin to contract. He believes in the _____.

oscillation universe theory

What did scientists predict the big bang should have left?

radiation, hydrogen, and helium

When scientists observed the light from stars and galaxies, they noticed that their color shifted toward the _____ end of the visible color spectrum.

red

Which of the following is the most important, when working in the science laboratory?

safety

The blue end of the visible color spectrum has ________ wavelengths, and the red end has _______ wavelengths.

short/ long

Because CMB radiation was _____ throughout the universe, scientists can only relate the source to the big bang.

spread uniformly

Mr. Bondi suggests there doesn't have to be some chaotic event, such as an explosion, to explain the origin of the universe. Our universe was and just is. It looks the same from every location and does not change. Mr. Bondi believes in the _____.

steady state theory

This theory lost its appeal when astronomers discovered quasars and cosmic background radiation.

steady state theory

Decide what the best solution would be if you reach your lab table and find a broken beaker with liquid spilling out.

tell a teacher about the problem

Hubble's expansion law states _____.

the distance of a galaxy is proportional to its recessional speed.

The redshift of a star means that ______.

the star is getting farther away

Big Bang theorist believe_____?

the universe started with an explosion and expansion of a very hot, dense, compact fireball

A scientific _________ is a scientific explanation formulated based on known facts and repeated testing.

theory