Unit 1 Topic 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the Eastern Slopes Grizzly Bear Project? a. It raises abandoned grizzly cubs and re-introduces them to the wild. b. It studies how human activities affect grizzly bears. c. It prevents people from hunting grizzly bears. d. It breeds grizzlies to increase their population.

B

. Which of the following is not one of the goals of CITES? I. To stop the sale of leopard skins. II. To capture endangered animals for zoos around the world. III. To prevent people from buying rhinoceros horns. IV. To prevent rare birds from being transported between countries. a. I, III, and IV b. IV only c. II only d. II and IV

C

6. Based on the table above, which island nation has lost the greatest percentage of its initial biodiversity? a. Borneo b. Java c. Bali d. Borneo and Java have lost an equal percentage of their initial biodiversity.

C

9. One way to protect the genetic diversity of tree plantations is to a. plant imported exotic species. b. develop new strains of trees and plant seeds from these trees. c. replant using seeds found on the forest floor at that location. d. choose the best trees at each site and plant only the seeds from those trees.

C

2. Name five things you could do - without spending money - to help preserve biological diversity?

- Recycle or reuse paper and plastic bags, glass bottles, and other resources. - Walk or bike to school instead of going in a car. - Reduce energy consumption by turning off lights when they are not needed. - Refuse to buy products that illegally exploit threatened plants and animals. - Support biological conservation programs. - Volunteer in public bird and butterfly counts that are used to assess organisms' status and conservation needs. - Volunteer at a local zoo, garden, or park that promotes biological conservation.

a. Seed banks b. Preserves c. CITES d. Zoos 1. _____Makes it illegal to import or export endangered animals and plants. 2. _____Natural areas established to protect wildlife. 3. _____Organizations that may combine research, public education, and breeding programs to maintain the genetic diversity of species. 4. _____A means of preserving the genetic diversity of plants.

1-C 2-B 3-D 4-A

The seed collection of the Royal Botanic Garden in London, England, contains seeds gathered from a. seed-bearing plants in North America. b. seed-bearing plants around the world. c. seed-bearing plants in England. d. all plants in the world.

B

a. A threat to biodiversity b. A way of protecting biodiversity 5. _____CITES. 6. _____A program that breeds endangered tigers in a zoo. 7. _____Importing and exporting endangered animals among different countries. 8. _____Establishing seed banks. 9. _____Replanting forested areas using seeds from seed stocks. 10. _____Exchanging animals of the same species among zoos.

5-B 6-B 7-A 8-B 9-A 10-B

The acronym CITES stands for a. Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species b. Canadian Imports and Trade in Endangered Species c. Conference of Issues and Topics on Endangered Species d. Canadian and International Trade in Endangered Species

A

The condor is a critically endangered bird of prey. Its natural habitat includes California and other southwestern portions of the United States and northern Mexico. Today, there are fewer than 200 condors in existence and of these, about 130 live in zoos. For many years, efforts have been under way to raise condors in captivity and to re-introduce young birds to the wild. The hope is that eventually enough birds will be returned to the wild to establish a healthy breeding population once again. 8. The efforts described above to re-establish a healthy population of wild condors will only be successful if a. steps are also taken to protect the bird's natural habitat. b. some birds are also kept in zoos to increase biodiversity. c. people continue to feed the wild condors. d. people from other countries can come to see the condors in their natural setting.

A

The following table compares land area to the number of extinctions in three island nations of the South Pacific. Estimates of the initial number of species are based on historical research and fossil evidence. Island Area in km2 Initial number of species Extinctions Borneo 751 709 153 30 Java 126 806 113 39 Bali 5443 66 47 6. Based on the table above, which island nation has lost the greatest percentage of its initial biodiversity? a. Borneo b. Java c. Bali d. Borneo and Java have lost an equal percentage of their initial biodiversity.

C

Which of the following is not one of the roles of the Calgary Zoo? a. It exchanges animals with other zoos to maintain genetic diversity. b. It initiates and supports research on biodiversity. c. It is an educational institution. d. It collects seeds for the Royal Botanic Gardens seed bank.

D

The ______________________________ Project is a Canadian-based project that studies how human activities affect grizzly bears around Banff National Park. Knowledge gained from this project is being applied ______________________________, but ______________________________ co-operation is also needed to protect the bear

Eastern slopes Grizzly bear internationally Locally

2. An organization that gathers and stores seeds from plants that are threatened with extinction is known as a seed nursery.True or False

F

4. The goal of the seed collection at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London is to preserve genetic diversity by collecting seeds from new varieties of plants. True or False_________________________

F

CITES is aimed at preserving genetic diversity by promoting trade in endangered plant and animal species. True or False

F

4. How would you respond to someone who suggested that saving a plant species was not as important as saving an animal species

Plants are just as important as animals! For example, plants: - clean the air by removing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen - provide habitat and food for animals - are sources of chemicals used in life-saving medicines - provide shade and prevent soil erosion - add to Earth's beauty WRAP-UP TOPICS

3. How important is international co-operation in preserving biological diversity? Explain your thinking.

Some of the most biologically diverse places on Earth are in other countries. However many of these countries do not have the financial or human resources to carry out effective conservation programs. Unless all countries co-operate in developing policies and regulations for protecting habitats and species, a great deal of biological diversity could be lost in some parts of the world.

1. How can zoos contribute to preserving biodiversity? How do zoos sometimes contribute to decreasing biodiversity?

Some ways that zoos can contribute to biodiversity include using captive breeding programs to prevent species extinctions; educating the public about lifestyle choices that influence biodiversity; and carrying out scientific research that helps make conservation programs more effective. Some ways zoos contribute to decreasing biodiversity include removing animals from the wild, and operating captive breeding programs in which only a handful of animals are interbred, resulting in reduced genetic diversity

One way to combat the problem of declining biological diversity is by establishing zoos. _________________________ True or False

T

Researchers who collect seeds of endangered plants do so to preserve the genetic diversity of plant species.True or False

T

The Role of Zoos in Preserving Biodiversity

Zoos were not originally started to preserve diversity. They were exotic collections for private collectors. . Animal exchange programs help to increase the genetic diversity essential to species survival. Support for research is also a large part of their program. Zoos are visible evidence of our attempt to preserve and maintain biological diversity

In-Situ Conservation refers

conserving biodiversity within a natural habitat. • Protected Areas (National Parks, Provincial Parks, game preserves, natural areas)

Ex-situ conservation

refers to conservation of components of biodiversity outside of a natural habitat. Examples include: • The collection and storage of genetic resources, such as seeds (IPGRI) London, England's Royal Botanic Gardens is one of the world's largest seed banks. The goal is to collect 10% of the world's seed-bearing plants. • Zoos (captive breeding programs) Calgary Zoo • Sperm and Egg Banks • Human Genome Project

2. ____________________ are established to gather and store seeds from plants that are threatened with extinction. One of the largest seed collections is housed at the ____________________ Gardens in London, England. Their goal is to collect samples of ____________________ percent of the world's seed-bearing plants

seed banks Royal boticinc ?