Unit 10: Boom & Bust

What amendment established Prohibition?

18th

What amendment gave women the right to vote?

19th

Who was usually the last hired & first fired during the Depression?

African-Americans

Name used to refer to New Deal programs

Alphabet Soup

October 29, 1929 is also known as

Black Tuesday

Area of the SW plains that was turned to wasteland by dust storms

Dust Bowl

Who was the first First Lady to take a more active role?

Eleanor Roosevelt

Term for FDR's first days in office in which he proposed 15 bills to Congress

First 100 Days

Who tried to end Great Depression with New Deal programs?

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President at the beginning of the Great Depression

Herbert Hoover

makeshift shantytowns during the Depression

Hoovervilles

Sacco & Vanzetti

Italian immigrants accused of murder with little evidence; found guilty and executed

Another name for the Roaring 20s

Jazz Age

Who illegally taught evolution in Tennessee?

John T. Scopes

Who was the Harlem Renaissance's best known poet?

Langston Hughes

What did the emergency immigration law of 1921 do?

Limited immigrants from Southern & Eastern Europe and prohibited immigration from Asia

Who were 2 African Americans who were selected as members of FDR's "Black Cabinet" to advise him on issues in African-American communities?

Mary McLeod Bethune & William Hastie

List projects funded/built by the PWA

NC's Blue Ridge Parkway, the Lincoln Tunnel, Key West Highway

Herbert Hoover's plan to fund banks, insurance companies & railroads

RFC

What 3 things did the New Deal call for?

Relief for the jobless Economic recovery Reforms to prevent future depressions

isolationism

U.S. foreign policy after World War I

What was the bonus army?

WWI veterans who wanted their bonus early

What did President Warren G. Harding promise?

a "Return to Normalcy"

Who was Al Capone?

a notorious gangster in Chicago during the 1920s

What occurred when farmers couldn't pay their debts and depositors withdrew savings?

bank crisis

buying on margin

borrowing money to purchase stocks

What did many people begin to do economically during the 1920s?

buy on credit and invest in the stock market

What did FDR do his first day in office?

declare a bank holiday

Okies

derogatory name for people who moved to California looking for work

communism

economic/political system in which government owns businesses and means of production

What did the PWA do?

employed many people for public works projects

bankruptcy

financial failure because of inability to pay debts

What were Roosevelt's radio speeches called?

fireside chats

What did the CCC do?

hired civilians to work in national parks, forests and wilderness areas

Black Blizzards

huge sudden dust storms

speakeasy

illegal bar/nightclub during the 1920s

What did the FDIC do?

insured bank deposits

Signs that the 1920s economy was not as strong as everyone thought it was

many were in debt due to buying on credit some industries in decline high unemployment

What did Prohibition lead to?

organized crime

anarchist

person who opposes all forms of government

bootlegger

person who smuggled illegal alcohol during Prohibition

What did the SSA do?

provided a social security or retirement fund for the elderly

What began the new information era during the 1920s?

radio

What were Native Americans hired to build under the Indian New Deal?

schools, hospitals & irrigation systems

What were some effects that the Great Depression had on families?

some men/fathers deserted their families young people put off marriage plans couples had fewer children children suffered more lifelong health problems

overproduction

supply of goods exceeds demand

Red Scare

time when Americans were afraid communists were going to take over America

Prohibition

total ban on sales and production of alcohol

flappers

young women during the 1920s who shocked their elders