Unit 10: Boom & Bust
What amendment established Prohibition?
18th
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
Who was usually the last hired & first fired during the Depression?
African-Americans
Name used to refer to New Deal programs
Alphabet Soup
October 29, 1929 is also known as
Black Tuesday
Area of the SW plains that was turned to wasteland by dust storms
Dust Bowl
Who was the first First Lady to take a more active role?
Eleanor Roosevelt
Term for FDR's first days in office in which he proposed 15 bills to Congress
First 100 Days
Who tried to end Great Depression with New Deal programs?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
President at the beginning of the Great Depression
Herbert Hoover
makeshift shantytowns during the Depression
Hoovervilles
Sacco & Vanzetti
Italian immigrants accused of murder with little evidence; found guilty and executed
Another name for the Roaring 20s
Jazz Age
Who illegally taught evolution in Tennessee?
John T. Scopes
Who was the Harlem Renaissance's best known poet?
Langston Hughes
What did the emergency immigration law of 1921 do?
Limited immigrants from Southern & Eastern Europe and prohibited immigration from Asia
Who were 2 African Americans who were selected as members of FDR's "Black Cabinet" to advise him on issues in African-American communities?
Mary McLeod Bethune & William Hastie
List projects funded/built by the PWA
NC's Blue Ridge Parkway, the Lincoln Tunnel, Key West Highway
Herbert Hoover's plan to fund banks, insurance companies & railroads
RFC
What 3 things did the New Deal call for?
Relief for the jobless Economic recovery Reforms to prevent future depressions
isolationism
U.S. foreign policy after World War I
What was the bonus army?
WWI veterans who wanted their bonus early
What did President Warren G. Harding promise?
a "Return to Normalcy"
Who was Al Capone?
a notorious gangster in Chicago during the 1920s
What occurred when farmers couldn't pay their debts and depositors withdrew savings?
bank crisis
buying on margin
borrowing money to purchase stocks
What did many people begin to do economically during the 1920s?
buy on credit and invest in the stock market
What did FDR do his first day in office?
declare a bank holiday
Okies
derogatory name for people who moved to California looking for work
communism
economic/political system in which government owns businesses and means of production
What did the PWA do?
employed many people for public works projects
bankruptcy
financial failure because of inability to pay debts
What were Roosevelt's radio speeches called?
fireside chats
What did the CCC do?
hired civilians to work in national parks, forests and wilderness areas
Black Blizzards
huge sudden dust storms
speakeasy
illegal bar/nightclub during the 1920s
What did the FDIC do?
insured bank deposits
Signs that the 1920s economy was not as strong as everyone thought it was
many were in debt due to buying on credit some industries in decline high unemployment
What did Prohibition lead to?
organized crime
anarchist
person who opposes all forms of government
bootlegger
person who smuggled illegal alcohol during Prohibition
What did the SSA do?
provided a social security or retirement fund for the elderly
What began the new information era during the 1920s?
radio
What were Native Americans hired to build under the Indian New Deal?
schools, hospitals & irrigation systems
What were some effects that the Great Depression had on families?
some men/fathers deserted their families young people put off marriage plans couples had fewer children children suffered more lifelong health problems
overproduction
supply of goods exceeds demand
Red Scare
time when Americans were afraid communists were going to take over America
Prohibition
total ban on sales and production of alcohol
flappers
young women during the 1920s who shocked their elders