Unit 10 Study Guide - ππ¦ππ πππ₯ππππ€ πππ₯ ππ πππͺ
How can we fight bacterial infections?
Antibiotics
What is a pathogen
Bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
How is passive immunity similar to active immunity?
Both don't require time to become immune, they can fight against the infection instantly
How can viruses reproduce?
By infecting living cells and reprogramming it to make more viruses.
What are 3 different ways a virus can enter a host cell?
- entry by fusion with plasma membrane - entry by endocytosis of virion - entry by direct injection
Examples of indirect contact
1. Breathing infected air 2. Touching infected surfaces
What are the 2 ways someone can transfer a pathogen to someone else?
1. Direct 2. Indirect
Examples of direct contact
1. Kissing 2. Intercourse 3. Handshaking
What is a vector ?
A carrier of a disease or medication
What is the first line of defense against pathogens that your body uses?
Innate immune system
What to antibiotics to to bacterium?
Kill bacteria, mess up the bacteria
Which cell causes no immediate harm to the host but can cause disease later?
Lysogenic
Which cycle causes the host cell to die right away?
Lytic
Are viruses alive?
No, their lack of cells and replicative ability prevents them from being classified as alive.
Do antibiotics work on viruses?
No, they only work with bacteria
What is the basic structure of a virus
Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. Virus may be naked or enveloped.
Where does passive immunity come from?
Parents
How does a prion cause problems
Prion diseases occur when normal prion protein, found on the surface of many cells, becomes abnormal and clump in the brain, causing brain damage.
How is a prion different from a virus
Prions do not contain nucleic acids.
What other body systems help the immune system do its job?
Skeletal system
What are antibodies?
Substances created in the body to attack specific foreign substances called antigens.
Why can't viruses attack your skin?
Viruses cannot replicate in, or be transported across, dead cells
Are bacteria alive?
Yes
What is active immunity and where does it come from?
antibodies that develop in a person's own immune system after the body is exposed to an antigen through a disease or when you get an immunization
What is the job of the immune system?
protect the body against pathogens