UNIT 12: Digestive System

All of the following statements are true regarding peristalsis except

It involves waves of voluntary smooth muscle contractions.

Which of the following accurately lists the four tissue layers of the alimentary canal, from innermost to outermost?

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa

All of the following are accessory organs of the digestive system except

The appendix.

Where is indigestible waste compacted?

In the large intestine

Where does mechanical and chemical digestion begin?

In the mouth

Bile is produced in the _____ and stored in the _____.

Liver, gall bladder

Which division of the nervous system controls peristalsis?

The autonomic nervous system

Where does most nutrient absorption occur?

small intestine

What is a bolus?

A small mass of food, formed by chewing, that is swallowed

From the cecum to the rectum, the regions of the colon are the

Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon.

What is chyme and where is it created?

Chyme is the mixture of food and digestive secretions that is created in the stomach.

Which structures in the intestine increase the surface area available for absorption?

Circular folds and villi

Which is NOT a type of salivary gland?

Circumvallate

Which of the following accurately lists the order of the structures through which food passes as it moves through the digestive system, starting with the entry of food into the mouth through to elimination?

Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anal canal

What involuntary movement prevents the bolus from entering the trachea?

The epiglottis folds down and covers the trachea.

If you were showing a friend a cross-section of a tooth, you could use all of the following to explain it except

The neck of the tooth sits in the alveolar process of the jaw bone.

Which of the following best describes what happens to nutrients in the chyme as it travels through the small intestine?

The nutrients are further broken down by secretions from organs. Then they are taken up by intestinal lining cells and digested further by intracellular enzymes.

What is the role of the tongue in chewing and swallowing?

The tongue manipulates the chewed food into a small mass and moves it into the oropharynx.