Unit 13 quizzes
Who created Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy?
Albert Ellis
What is one of the most famous self-help groups?
Alcoholics Anonymous
What types of disorders are best treated by Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy?
Anxiety and Mood disorders
Of the following individuals, who is most likely to benefit from therapeutic drugs that block receptor sites for dopamine?
Betsy, who hears imaginary voices telling her she will soon be killed
What needs to be used when testing a new drug to make sure it is actually effective?
Double-Blind Procedure
Rapidly moving one's eyes while recalling traumatic experiences is most descriptive of
EMDR
Xanax would most likely be prescribed in order to help
Jerome overcome feelings of nervous apprehension and an inability to relax
The counterconditioning technique developed by Mary Cover Jones was refined by
Joseph Wolpe
What is the name of the salt that is a mood stabilizer?
Lithium
What does SSRI stand for?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
who founded psychotherapy?
Sigmund Freud
What happened to people who had a lobotomy?
They became immature, lethargic, and uncreative
Which drug has provided the most help to schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory hallucinations and paranoia?
Thorazine
Many self-help groups have emulated the use of ________ by Alcoholics Anonymous
a 12-step program
Antidepressant drugs, a fresh perspective on his problems, and a strong therapeutic alliance all contributed to helping David recover from a major depressive disorder. An integrated understanding of David's recovery process is best provided by
a biopsychosocial approach
Inserting a medical instrument through each eye socket was part of a treatment known as
a lobotomy
What 3 characteristics do therapists have to exhibit?
acceptance, genuineness, and empathy
When Murli told his therapist, "I came to see what you could do for me," the therapist responded, "It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?" The therapist's response illustrates the technique of
active listening
Connor is constantly chewing tobacco. To reduce his appetite for this product, a behavior therapist would most likely use
aversive conditioning
Psychoanalytic techniques are designed primarily to help patients
become aware of their repressed conflicts and impulses
Cindy suggested that her nail biting might be a symptom of unconscious resentment toward her parents. Her therapist chuckled and said, "No, Cindy, your problem isn't unconscious hostility; your problem is nail biting." Cindy's therapist sounds most like a ________ therapist.
behavior
Therapists practice ________ by using positive reinforcers to reward closer and closer approximations of a desired behavior.
behavior modification
Schizophrenia is a disorder that is MOST likely to be treated with
biomedical therapies
Which therapeutic approach relies most heavily on patients' discovering their own ways of effectively dealing with their difficulties?
client-centered therapy
Which therapeutic specialists are most likely to have received a Ph.D. degree in psychology?
clinical psychologists
Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their negative interpretations of events?
cognitive therapy
Melanie's therapist suggests that when she feels anxious, Melanie should attribute her arousal to her highly reactive nervous system and shift her attention to playing a game with her preschool child. This suggestion best illustrates
cognitive-behavioral therapy
The best psychotherapy outcome studies are randomized clinical trials comparing treatment groups with ________ groups
control
Cognitive therapies have achieved especially favorable results in the treatment of
depression
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation shows greatest promise for the treatment of
depression
Dr. Byrne is a clinical psychologist who often uses operant conditioning techniques to treat her clients. She also encourages them to modify their thought patterns, and on occasion she interprets their transference behaviors. Dr. Byrne's therapeutic approach would best be described as
eclectic
Deep-brain stimulation involves the implantation of ________ into the cortex
electrodes
Which of the following treatment approaches has received little or no scientific support?
energy therapies
To help Mr. Eberstadt overcome his addiction to alcohol, his therapist first attempted to discover whether the substance dependency was somehow a related to conflicts with his spouse. The therapist's concern is most likely to be characteristic of a
family therapist
When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thoughts stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as
free association
How would Aaron Beck treat depression?
he would try to reduce his patients' negative thoughts, because he believed they were the root of depression.
Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are
hope, a new perspective, healthy relationships
A brief variation of psychodynamic therapy that has been effective in treating depression is known as
interpersonal psychotherapy
Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from seasonal affective disorder?
light exposure therapy
Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression, and she encourages rest and relaxation training for clients suffering from excessive anxiety. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a
psychiatrist
Which form of therapy is most likely to be criticized for offering interpretations that cannot be proven or disproven?
psychoanalysis
What are the 4 types of "talk therapies" ?
psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive
Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with
psychotherapy
Gina is so fearful of taking tests for her AP courses that she experiences mild anxiety when registering for an AP course, intense anxiety when studying for a test, and extreme anxiety when answering actual test questions. Her greatest fear, however, is experienced while waiting for a teacher to hand out tests. During the process of systematically desensitizing her test anxiety, the therapist is likely to ask Gina first to imagine
registering for an AP test
Unusual ESP subjects who defy chance when first tested nearly always lose their "psychic powers" when retested. This decline effect is best explained in terms of
regression toward the mean
According to Freud, a patient's hesitation to free associate is most likely a sign of
resistence
Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)
Cognitive therapists are most likely to emphasize that emotional disturbances result from
self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events
What is Electro-convulsive Therapy used to treat today?
severe depression
In promoting therapeutic life-style change, Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues note that human brains and bodies were designed for physical activity and
social engagement
Most self-help and support groups focus on ______ illnesses.
stigmatized
Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from
stressful social situations
People often enter psychotherapy during a period of crisis in their lives. This helps us understand why they
tend to overestimate the effectiveness of their psychotherapy
Dr. Volz is a researcher who wants to distinguish between the direct effects of a new antianxiety medication and effects arising from expectations of the drug's effectiveness. Dr. Volz is most likely to use
the double-blind procedure
inflated estimates of the value of antidepressant drugs are in large part due to the fact that patient recovery often results from
the placebo effect
Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates
the therapeutic alliance
Aerobic exercise, adequate sleep, light exposure, and social engagement are important components of
therapuetic life-style change
In which operant conditioning procedure are positive reinforcers given for desired behaviors?
token economy