Unit 13 quizzes

Who created Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy?

Albert Ellis

What is one of the most famous self-help groups?

Alcoholics Anonymous

What types of disorders are best treated by Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy?

Anxiety and Mood disorders

Of the following individuals, who is most likely to benefit from therapeutic drugs that block receptor sites for dopamine?

Betsy, who hears imaginary voices telling her she will soon be killed

What needs to be used when testing a new drug to make sure it is actually effective?

Double-Blind Procedure

Rapidly moving one's eyes while recalling traumatic experiences is most descriptive of

EMDR

Xanax would most likely be prescribed in order to help

Jerome overcome feelings of nervous apprehension and an inability to relax

The counterconditioning technique developed by Mary Cover Jones was refined by

Joseph Wolpe

What is the name of the salt that is a mood stabilizer?

Lithium

What does SSRI stand for?

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

who founded psychotherapy?

Sigmund Freud

What happened to people who had a lobotomy?

They became immature, lethargic, and uncreative

Which drug has provided the most help to schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory hallucinations and paranoia?

Thorazine

Many self-help groups have emulated the use of ________ by Alcoholics Anonymous

a 12-step program

Antidepressant drugs, a fresh perspective on his problems, and a strong therapeutic alliance all contributed to helping David recover from a major depressive disorder. An integrated understanding of David's recovery process is best provided by

a biopsychosocial approach

Inserting a medical instrument through each eye socket was part of a treatment known as

a lobotomy

What 3 characteristics do therapists have to exhibit?

acceptance, genuineness, and empathy

When Murli told his therapist, "I came to see what you could do for me," the therapist responded, "It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?" The therapist's response illustrates the technique of

active listening

Connor is constantly chewing tobacco. To reduce his appetite for this product, a behavior therapist would most likely use

aversive conditioning

Psychoanalytic techniques are designed primarily to help patients

become aware of their repressed conflicts and impulses

Cindy suggested that her nail biting might be a symptom of unconscious resentment toward her parents. Her therapist chuckled and said, "No, Cindy, your problem isn't unconscious hostility; your problem is nail biting." Cindy's therapist sounds most like a ________ therapist.

behavior

Therapists practice ________ by using positive reinforcers to reward closer and closer approximations of a desired behavior.

behavior modification

Schizophrenia is a disorder that is MOST likely to be treated with

biomedical therapies

Which therapeutic approach relies most heavily on patients' discovering their own ways of effectively dealing with their difficulties?

client-centered therapy

Which therapeutic specialists are most likely to have received a Ph.D. degree in psychology?

clinical psychologists

Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their negative interpretations of events?

cognitive therapy

Melanie's therapist suggests that when she feels anxious, Melanie should attribute her arousal to her highly reactive nervous system and shift her attention to playing a game with her preschool child. This suggestion best illustrates

cognitive-behavioral therapy

The best psychotherapy outcome studies are randomized clinical trials comparing treatment groups with ________ groups

control

Cognitive therapies have achieved especially favorable results in the treatment of

depression

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation shows greatest promise for the treatment of

depression

Dr. Byrne is a clinical psychologist who often uses operant conditioning techniques to treat her clients. She also encourages them to modify their thought patterns, and on occasion she interprets their transference behaviors. Dr. Byrne's therapeutic approach would best be described as

eclectic

Deep-brain stimulation involves the implantation of ________ into the cortex

electrodes

Which of the following treatment approaches has received little or no scientific support?

energy therapies

To help Mr. Eberstadt overcome his addiction to alcohol, his therapist first attempted to discover whether the substance dependency was somehow a related to conflicts with his spouse. The therapist's concern is most likely to be characteristic of a

family therapist

When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thoughts stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as

free association

How would Aaron Beck treat depression?

he would try to reduce his patients' negative thoughts, because he believed they were the root of depression.

Three benefits attributed to all psychotherapies are

hope, a new perspective, healthy relationships

A brief variation of psychodynamic therapy that has been effective in treating depression is known as

interpersonal psychotherapy

Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from seasonal affective disorder?

light exposure therapy

Dr. Miller prescribes drugs for the treatment of chronic depression, and she encourages rest and relaxation training for clients suffering from excessive anxiety. It is most likely that Dr. Miller is a

psychiatrist

Which form of therapy is most likely to be criticized for offering interpretations that cannot be proven or disproven?

psychoanalysis

What are the 4 types of "talk therapies" ?

psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive

Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with

psychotherapy

Gina is so fearful of taking tests for her AP courses that she experiences mild anxiety when registering for an AP course, intense anxiety when studying for a test, and extreme anxiety when answering actual test questions. Her greatest fear, however, is experienced while waiting for a teacher to hand out tests. During the process of systematically desensitizing her test anxiety, the therapist is likely to ask Gina first to imagine

registering for an AP test

Unusual ESP subjects who defy chance when first tested nearly always lose their "psychic powers" when retested. This decline effect is best explained in terms of

regression toward the mean

According to Freud, a patient's hesitation to free associate is most likely a sign of

resistence

Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)

Cognitive therapists are most likely to emphasize that emotional disturbances result from

self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events

What is Electro-convulsive Therapy used to treat today?

severe depression

In promoting therapeutic life-style change, Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues note that human brains and bodies were designed for physical activity and

social engagement

Most self-help and support groups focus on ______ illnesses.

stigmatized

Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from

stressful social situations

People often enter psychotherapy during a period of crisis in their lives. This helps us understand why they

tend to overestimate the effectiveness of their psychotherapy

Dr. Volz is a researcher who wants to distinguish between the direct effects of a new antianxiety medication and effects arising from expectations of the drug's effectiveness. Dr. Volz is most likely to use

the double-blind procedure

inflated estimates of the value of antidepressant drugs are in large part due to the fact that patient recovery often results from

the placebo effect

Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates

the therapeutic alliance

Aerobic exercise, adequate sleep, light exposure, and social engagement are important components of

therapuetic life-style change

In which operant conditioning procedure are positive reinforcers given for desired behaviors?

token economy