Unit 2 exam

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the cell cycle?

G1, S, G2, M

Which of the following proteins would you expect to be a coded for by a proto-oncogene?

Growth factor receptor

Which of the following is a false statement regarding homologous chromosomes?

Homologous chromosome pairs split during meiosis 2

Hormones that deliver a signal to the plasma membrane of target cells are known as

growth factors

The second meiotic division is essentially a mitotic division except for the fact that the cells produced are

haploid

The term hypertonic means

higher solute concentration

In the emergency room, saline solutions are often run into a person's vein. The saline solution must be

0.9% NaCl

Meiosis results in a change in chromosome number indicated by

2n to n

In humans, the diploid number of chromosomes is

46

If the diploid chromosome number is 16, the chromosome number of each gamete will be

8

During what stage do homologous chromosomes separate from each other?

Anaphase I

You are looking at a cell under the microscope, and see what appears to be several "X" structures being pulled to each side of the cell. What stage of meiosis are you looking at?

Anaphase I

Which of the following is true concerning the cell theory?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek is recognized for making some of the earliest microscopes.

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding apoptosis?

Apoptosis is also known as programmed cell death

The region that holds sister chromatids together is called the

Centromere

Which of the following structure(s) is/are only found in a plant cell?

Chloroplast

Which of the following factors could cause the cell membrane to become less permeable?

If the channel proteins were to denature and become inactive

An individual with a mitochondrial disease

Inherited the disease from their mother.

During which stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes duplicate?

Interphase

Active transport

Is associated with large numbers of mitochondria

Which is true of facilitated transport by carrier proteins?

It is represented by the glucose carrier that can transport hundreds of molecules a second.

All of the following are true statements regarding the cell membrane except

It serves as a site for protein synthesis.

What lines up at the metaphase plate during both metaphase I of meiosis and metaphase of mitosis?

Metaphase 1 of meiosis: homologous chromosomes Metaphase of mitosis: chromosomes composed of two sister chromatids

The process of mitosis includes

Nuclear division only

What evidence would suggest that the fluid in the nucleus is different from the cytoplasm?

Nuclear pores only permit passage of certain molecules into and out of the nucleus.

Synapsis occurs during what stage of meiosis?

Prophase I

Ribosomes are composed of

RNA to protein

Without considering the variation provided by crossing-over, how much will two siblings from one set of parents vary from each other?

Siblings inherit essentially 50% of their genes from each parent, but two sibling offspring may share with each other from zero to 23 chromosomes in common from each parent and therefore vary widely from each other.

Which of the following correctly describes exocytosis?

Substances move out of cell, vesicle fuses with plasma membrane, involves moving macromolecules.

What will happen to dye crystals if placed in the bottom of a beaker of water

They will diffuse equally throughout the beaker.

During what stage of meiosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?

anaphase II

Surface-area-to-volume ratios indicate

as cells get larger, their surface area gets larger but at a slower rate than the volume increases.

Which of the following would be affected by an antibiotic that interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis?

bacterial cell wall

You are investigating a cell under the microscope and you realize the cell is missing ribosomes. Based on what you know about ribsomes, the cell would

be unable to synthesize proteins

Which of the following molecules add stiffness and strength to the plasma membrane

cholesterol

During crossing-over

chromatids exchange segments of genetic material.

You are examining a cell under the microscope that is undergoing cell division and cannot find any asters. What else would be absent in this cell?

cleavage furrow

When oxygen leaves the alveoli in the lungs, it enters the capillaries by

diffusion

When a lysosome fuses with a vacuole,

its contents are digested.

The plasma membrane is composed primarily of

lipids and proteins

In which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

metaphase

Following a cut or scrape, which process repairs your skin?

mitosis

According to the cell theory

new cells arise only from preexisting cells.

Which organelle primarily functions to package or regulate the production of H2O2?

peroxisome

A compound would make a good antibiotic if it affects a structure or process only found in bacterial cells and not in our eukaryotic cells. Which of the following actions would theoretically make a good antibiotic?

prevents repair of the peptidoglycan cell wall

During which phases of mitosis do the chromosomes look like Xs?

prophase and metaphase

Which sequence of stages in mitosis is correct?

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Which type of membrane protein will bind to hormones?

receptor proteins

Which of the following cell organelles is a good target for antibacterial drugs?

ribosomes

If an active cell produces an important protein for secretion, what is the correct sequence of organelles that are involved in the production of the protein?

ribosomes → endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus

Osmosis can occur when a membrane is

selectively permeable

Which of the following processes occurs in both mitosis and meiosis?

single chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate

If the total number of chromosomes in a cell is six, then after mitosis there will be

six chromosomes in each daughter cell.

The nuclear membrane reappears in mitosis during

telophase

Permeability refers to

the extent to which a membrane allows a substance to pass through.

The extracellular matrix is responsible for all of the following except

the extracellular matrix is involved in the production of phospholipids.

The Golgi apparatus directs its protein products to the correct location in the cell based on

the specific molecule that is added and the molecule determines the destination in or out of the cell.