Unit #2 Progressives

What was the purpose of the following Constitutional Amendments?

16th Amendment: Allows the federal United States government to collect an income tax from all Americans. 17th Amendment: Established the popular election of United States Senators by the people of the states. 18th Amendment: Effectively established the prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the United States. 19th Amendment: Gave women the right to vote in 1920.

Who were some of the Progressive Leaders from a local level, state level and national level?

Local Level: A. Tom Johnson B. Samuel Jones State Level: A. Robert LaFollette National Level: A. Theodore Roosevelt - Had been one of the 26th presidents of the United States B. William Howard Taft-Had been one of the 27th presidents of the United States C. Woodrow Wilson - Had been one of the 28th presidents of the United States

What factors prompted the rise of Progressivism in the early 1900s?

Rapid industrialization, monopoly, growth of cities, laissez faire, and political bosses.

Chart on the Acts/Ideas that were passed during the Progressive Era

Roosevelt -Square Deal Elkins Act Hepburn Act Meat Inspection Act Pure Food and Drug Act Newlands Reclamation Act Coal Strike Arbitration National Park Service U.S. Forest Bull Moose Party Taft Mann-Elkins Act 16th amendment Payne Aldrich Bill Firing of Gifford Pinchot Election of 1912 -17th Amendment Wilson Underwood Tariff Federal Reserve Act Federal Clayton Antitrust act Federal Trade Commission Federal Farm Loan Act Adamson Act -Federal Workingmen's Compensation Keating Owen Child Labor Act -18th Amendment -19TH Amendment

What laws did the federal government pass to enable the government to break up trusts?

Sherman Antitrust Act

Name several characteristics that defined the Progressive Era?

Social Justice Political Democracy Economic Equality Conservation

What types of policies did President Theodore Roosevelt support?

Theodore had supported the idea of regulating big business. He supported big stick policies and trust busting.

How did elections begin to change? What was the importance of the secret ballot? What is initiative, referendum, and recall?

Changing the method of electing senators. They added recall, referendum, initiative, secret ballot, and direct primary. The secret ballot is to hide the voters choice of candidate, which will prevent other voters from being persuaded by their choices. Referendum, adding something to the ballot. Recall, to remove an elected official from power. Initiative, people can propose legislation.

Compare and contrast (give similarities and differences) between Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, and Marcus Garvey.

They all wanted African Americans to gain respect and they all developed visions for the future of African Americans. Booker T. Washington wanted African Americans to educate themselves and learn useful trades. W.E.B. DuBois increasingly advocated socialist solutions. Marcus Garvey wanted African Americans to rely on themselves and not on whites. Garvey argued black people should return to their homeland in Africa.

What is a "Muckraker?" Identify four muckrakers and their works. (From worksheet)

They were journalists and photographers who exposed the abuses of wealth and power. Jane Addams "Twenty Years at Hull House" Upton Sinclair "The Jungle" Frank Norris "The Octopus" Ida Tarbell "History of Standard Oil Company."

Name three political reforms that many states implemented during the Progressive Era.

Initiative, referendum, and recall.

What two strategies did major cities activate after the Hurricane that affected the area of Texas?

Named a five-person city commission to rebuild the area. They were experts in their field(construction, sanitation, garbage removal). Sets a model for other growing areas to follow.

Who ran in the presidential election of 1912? How were the candidates different?

The 1912 presidential candidates were Woodrow Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft. Taft and Roosevelt competed for the Republican vote allowing Wilson to slip in for the Democrats and win.

How did Native Americans attempt to fight discrimination during the Progressive Era?

The Dawes Act of 1887 encouraged Native Americans to abandon reservation life and and become private land owners. The Society of American Indians was a group that will organize and address the problems that faced Native Americans that lived on the reservations - drug abuse, isolated, poor health conditions, poor living conditions.

What did the Federal Reserve Act do?

The Federal Reserve Act had helped to create a central banking system.

What legislation did Congress pass after the publication of Upton Sinclair's book, The Jungle?

The Meat Inspection Act and The Pure Food and Drug Act.

State the historical significance of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire and how did this event lead to reforms in the workplace?

The historical significance is that it showed how horrible the working conditions were and that the conditions had to change. After the fire the New York legislature passed laws on the conditions to prevent incidents happening again. Other states were soon passing laws to stop these incidents from happening.