Unit 4-5 exam Ap gov

Which of the following best describes the message of the cartoon?

Americans families today worry about their children falling behind those in other countries in terms of academics

Which of the following is an implication of the poll data

Americans views regarding globalization differ depending on whether the impacts are cultural or economic

An exit poll differs from other types of opinion polls because

An exit poll only surveys actual voters instead of likely voters

Which of the following is an accurate description of information in the graph related to the 2014 election ?

Blacks were more likely to vote than Hispanics across all age groups.

Which of the following accurately describes voter participation in an open primary?

A voter arrives at the polls on election day, and she is asked whether she wishes to vote in the Republican primary or the Democratic primary.

Which of the following is most likely to be supported by those who believe that supply-side economic policies are the best way to promote economic growth?

Congress eliminates regulations that require businesses to meet air quality standards.

Which of the following is a potential result of the trends illustrated in the graph above?

Congress is more likely to address workplace discrimination

The president wants to increase the likelihood that the Supreme Court will uphold legislation that provides federal funding to religious schools. Appointing a justice with which of the following ideologies would be most likely to help to achieve this goal?

Conservative

Which of the following best describes an argument that would be made by those who favor supply -side economic policies ?

Cost- savings for businesses will increase the overall level of production and lead to increased employment opportunities

Which of the following most directly implied by the data from the poll

Higher level of education is agent in political socialization that tends to be associated with more liberal political values

Which of the following is correctly depicted in the graph

Older Non-Hispanic white voters had the highest rate of voter turnout.

Which of the following characteristics best suggests that a public opinion pollis scientific and reasonably accurate ?

The poll revealed a sampling error of +/- 5%

Which of the following would most greatly impact the reliability of the data from the poll

The poll's respondents did not include different ethnic groups

Based on what you know about open -ended and closed-ended polling questions which of the following is most likely to be true about the data the pollster collected ?

The pollster had an easier time quantifying the results of the closed -ended question .

Which of the following best represents a typical liberal viewpoint on the right to privacy?

The right to privacy is lmplied in the Constitution and should be protected from birth control to cellphones.

Those with high levels of political efficacy are more likely

Vote in election

Which of the following best represents the free rider problem?

employees choose not a join a labor union because they can benefit from collective bargaining without paying dues

Which of the following best describes a way that interest groups serve as linkage institutions in the political process ?

Interest groups educate the public about political policy by providing expert information.

Which of the following correctly identifies the positions on social issues that are typically taken by those with liberal and conservative political ideologies?

Row d Liberal Position- Healthcare is a basic right that should be supported by the government. Conservative Position- Government-run healthcare programs lead to increased inefficiency.

Which of the following statements describes the most important limitation of the data in the graph above ?

The general question that was asked limits the conclusions that can be drawn about specific issues

Which of the following is reflected in the graph above

Those with higher levels of education are more likely to both register to vote and then to actually vote

If a candidate campaigned to increase her constituents' equality of opportunity, she would most likely pledge to

Tie the minimum wage to inflation

By comparing the electoral above, which of the following statements is true about the presidential elections of 1964 and 1968?

Voters in the Southeast were dissatisfied with the two-party system

Which of the following historical political quotes would someone with a liberal ideology most likely favor?

"It should be easier to bargain collectively. That's not only fair, it makes workers more productive, it strengthens our economy "

In which of the following situations would public opinion polls most likely affect the way a member of the House of Representatives from New York votes on legislation?

A public opinion poll in the member's New York district indicates that voters oppose the legislation

Based on the descriptions, in which of the following states is voter turnout likely to increase most significantly during presidential election years?

A state that has chosen candidates of different parties in the last two presidential elections.

Which of the following statements is reflected in the data in the chart?

By 2065 no racial or ethnic group will be a majority in America.

McCutcheon Federal Election Commission (2014) is a landmark Supreme Court decision concerning campaign financing. The ruling argued that Section 441 of the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA), which imposed a limit on contributions an individual can make over a two-year period to national party and federal candidate committees, is unconstitutional. Which of the following Supreme Court decisions served as a precedent for McCutcheon Federal Election Commission (2014)?

Citizens United v Federal Election Commission (2010)

A newspaper publishes a cartoon captioned: "News: Courts OK Corporate Election Spending." The cartoon features a senator whose suit is covered in logos and an air quote that says "No... I am not a NASCAR driver. I'm a U.S. senator.^ prime prime Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most directly connected to the topic of the cartoon?

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission

Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most relevant to the data in the graph ?

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission

Which of the following describes a specific advantage for interest groups of working within iron triangles?

Collaborating with congressional committees and bureaucratic agencies allows interest groups to work across political parties.

Prayer in school has been contentious in the courtroom and in the political realm Many citizens and politicians have called for federal protection of school prayer through constitutional amendments or reversal of precedent which ideology tends to believe strongly in protection of the right to school prayer ?

Conservative

Which of the following correctly describes conservative and liberal positions on social issues ?

Conservative: poverty can best be solved through private charity. Liberal: Government programs are needed to help fight poverty.

The issue faced by third parties that is highlighted in the cartoon would be most affected by which on the following changes to the American political system?

Creating a proportional system of representation

Which of the following scenarios best represents how individuals are able to harness the media to impact public policy ?

Following the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, students held a rally to gather attention and call for change in gun policy.

Which of the following is an accurate description of the data contained in the table?

If an interviewer attempted to contact a household, they were more likely than not to reach an adult.

Which of the following is an accurate statement based on the info in the graph

Individuals with a high school degree or less likely to have consistently conservative political values than those with a college degree

A member of Congress wants to introduce a bill to eliminate Super PACs and prohibit unlimited campaign donations to candidates and parties. Which of the following is the best course of action for the Congressman to achieve his or her goal?

Introduce a constitutional amendment to restricts independent expenditures and the decision of Citizens United v. FEC.

Which of the following best describes the ideological message of the cartoon above?

It is a conservative message suggesting that businesses can best improve the economy by creating products.

Which of the following describes a significant criticism of the electoral college system in the United States ?

It limits democracy because the choice of president is not by direct election.

In 1980, NBC news declared the Republic candidate, Ronald Reagan, the winner of the presidential election over the Dernocrat Jimmy Carter 3 hours before the polls closed on the West Coast. Which of the following is a potentially controversial impact of the media using exit polls to declare election winners before polls have closed?

It may decrease voter turnout for both parties

Which of the following represents a common libertarian viewpoint on recreational marijuana usage

It should not be the federal government business is someone wants to use marijuana

Which of the following statements describes a limitation that PACs have in attempting to influence candidates and campaigns ?

PACs are restricted to receiving campaign donations of a maximum of $5000 and can only transfer that money to campaigns, parties, or other PACs.

Which of the following is an accurate conclusion based on a comparison of the trends in the graph and your knowledge of voter turnout?

Participation in the midterm congressional primaries is unusually high in 2018

As political campaigns have become centered around the power and influence of the candidates themselves rather than political parties, which of the following is an increasingly important role of parties in political campaigns?

Parties mobilize voters to get to the polls on election day.

Based on the data shown in the table, which of the following statements is true about the question types used in the survey ?

Respondents expressed more concern about health care when response choice was limited .

Which of the following correctly describes roles played by interest groups and political parties in the political process ?

Row A Interest groups: Educate electorate about political issues. Political Parties: Recruit candidates for political office

Which of the following correctly identifies the activities which are functions of political parties and those which are not?

Row A: Establish a party platform; Determine voter qualifications

Which of the following accurately compares winner-take-all and proportional systems of representation for legislatures?

Row A: Often a barrier to third parties; tends to support a multiparty system

Which of the following correctly identifies the liberalconservative and libertarian positions on the appropriate role of government in markets?

Row B Liberal: market regulation is necessary to ensure fairness Conservative position: free markets promote economic growth which benefits everyone Libertarian position: government intervention in markets decrease efficiency

Which of the following correctly describes the popular vote and the Electoral College vote in presidential elections?

Row B Popular Vote: Direct vote of the electorate. Electoral College Vote: Vote of those appointed by state legislatures

Which of the following correctly identifies examples of rational-choice voting and party-line voting?

Row C Rational choice voting: Voting for the candidate who aligns with the voter's perceived economic interests Party line voting: casting a straight ticket ballot

Which of the following correctly describes roles played by the media and interest groups in the political process?

Row C: Provides the public with info about gov activity; Educated the public about specific policy issues

Which of the following statements accurately conveys a benefit and drawback of using social media in a modern political campaign ?

Row D A benefit of using social media: Social media empowers individuals to marshal strength against the power of lobbyists and special interests . A drawback of using social media: A candidate's unfiltered posts on social media can land them in hot water or into an embarrassing situation

Which of the following correctly matches each political ideology with its position on the extent to which the government should be involved in markets?

Row D Conservative: more limited Liberal: more active Liberation: more limited

Which of the following correctly identifies a fiscal policy and a monetary policy that would be used to combat inflation?

Row D Fiscal policy : decrease government spending Monetary policy: increase interest rates

Which of the following comparisons of protest movements are most similar to each other in their tactics and eventual outcomes?

Row D Marriage equality movement, African American Rights Movement

Which of the following correctly describes liberal, conservative and libertarian ideologies regarding appropriate roles of government in the marketplace?

Row D To create programs to solve social issues (Liberal), To allow social issues to be solved privately (Conservative), to allow social issues to be solved privately (libertarian)

Which of the following options correctly identifies prospective and retrospective voting?

Row D Voter 3 and voter 1

Which chart best matches with the description of these types of primaries?

Row D Open Primary: A primary election that does not require party affiliation to cast a ballot. Closed Primary: A primary election that is is open only to registered voters of that party.

Which of the following most accurately describes the purpose of brushfire and polls?

Row a Brushfire poll: to test the effect of a campaign messaging Exit poll: to gain an early indication of who won an election

Which of the following more accurately identifies Democratic and Republican positions on specific issues ?

Row a Democratic position: New civil rights legislation to protect the LGBTQ community Republican position: Decreasing prosecutions brought by the Office of Civil Rights

Which of the following best describes an impact of political socialization and an impact of political efficacy on an individual?

Row c - political socialization: impacts development of an individual political ideology Political efficacy: impacts a voters willingness to participate in the political process

A candidate running for Senate is meeting with some potential wealthy donors later today . These donors have millions of dollars that they are considering contributing to help the candidate with the open seat. Federal Election Commission restrictions prevent them from contributing directly but with a mere few thousand dollars . Following the decision of Citizens United FEC, what strategy should the donors take to help the Senate candidate's campaign with as much money as possible?

The wealthy donors can organize a Super PAC , contribute their money to the Super PAC , and organize the Super to create ads to support the candidate without working with their campaign directly

Which of the following best describes why winner-take-all districts for the House of Representatives disadvantage third parties?

Voters believe third parties are unlikely to win the winner-take-all districts

Which of the following statements is reflected in the data in the graph?

Voters over 65 are more likely to use social media to announce their own votes than to encourage other to vote for a specific candidate.

Which of the following best describes the political cartoon's message about third parties?

Voting for a third party candidate does not impact the outcome of elections

When the Republican Party enacts conservative social legislation at the federal level, which of the following groups would it most likely disaffect? West Coast dwellers

West Coast dwellers

The national party convention held during presidential campaigns is likely to have greater significance when

none of the party's candidates has the support of a majority of delegates .

You have become disenchanted with both mainstream parties and have registered as an Independent voter. During the primary season the Republican party has a candidate you want to vote for. Which type of primary election below would allow you to cast a ballot?

open primary

Which of the following best represents an example of party-line voting?

All Democratic Senators vote against confirming a judicial nominee .

Which of the following policy trends best represents a conservative approach to social issues within the United States?

After the election of Ronald Reagan in 1980 a new collation with religious leaders and the Republican Party increased the impact of Christian values on the democratic process

Which of the following most accurately describes the method that most states currently use to select their electors for the Electoral College?

All of the state's electors go to the candidate who receives the most popular votes, regardless of whether or not it is a majority of votes.

Which of the following core values would conservatives, libertarians, and liberals most likely all agree with ?

America is a land of equal opportunity for all

Which of the following is a trend in individual media habits that can be explained by the data above ?

Americans tend to choose news sources that present views that are consistent with their own.

Which of the following conclusions is supposed by the info on the poll above

Americans viewed the impact of immigration on food,music and the arts more positively than its impact on values

In recent years there have been several single-issue groups formed as a result of current events such as "Black Lives Matter" and the "#Me Toomovement. Which of the following had the greatest impact on the growth of both groups above?

Average Americans growing tired of injustice and social media and the right to assemble to voice their call for change .

Business groups are generally represented by organizations such as the U.S. Chamber of Commerce while consumers are represented by groups such as Public Citizen. Both types of interest groups advocate for the interests of their members but business groups are often more successful in achieving their goals despite representing a smaller number of people. Which of the following is a possible explanation for this?

Business groups generally have greater funding than consumer groups which provides them with more influence over government officials .

Campaigns have become increasingly centered around the candidates themselves, increasing the power and influence of the candidates while limiting power over campaigns from political parties. Which of the following has contributed most to weakening the power of political parties over campaigns?

Candidates for the general election are now chosen in primary elections

Which of the following best describes a role of the family in the process of political socialization

Children generally share party identification with their parents

Which of the following governmental policies would the author most likely support during an economic crisis?

Direct funding toward public work projects

Which of the following statements is most consistent with the author's argument in the above passage ?

During an economic depression, deficit spending and low interest rates are essential.

Which of the following is most likely responsible for the political attitude expressed in the cartoon?

Economic and political globalization have led to greater competition between American and foreign workers

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the data shown in the graph

Education increase individual understanding of the political process and its significance

Based on the excerpt above, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with ?

Factions naturally occur when citizens share a common cause.

in which of the following ways can interest groups most effectively exercise influence over the federal courts?

Form a PAC that donates campaign funds to help elect particular Senate candidates.

Which of the following best describes an advantage of incumbents when running for election?

Government officials are generally fairly well-known to their constituents.

A member of Congress introduces legislation that would facilitate lawsuits against businesses that discriminate in employment against women Interest groups with which of the following ideologies would be most likely to advocate for passage of this legislation

Liberal

Which of following ideological perspectives is best represented by this passage ?

Liberalism

Which of the following ideological perspectives are most consistent with the passage above ?

Liberty has side effects that might not always be pretty

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of conservative and libertarian views concerning social policy ?

Marijuana use should be criminalized based on its dangerous and immoral connotations Marijuana should be legalized based on the ineffectiveness of the war on drugs

The data from the 2016 presidential election in the chart above illustrate which of the following criticisms of media coverage of elections ?

Media coverage of elections does not sufficiently focus on how candidates differ on political issues .

Which of the following is best supported by the data in the graph?

Republican Super PACs spent more for tv ads than the combined total spent by the campaigns of both parties.

Which of the following is an implication of the data reflected in the chart?

Political engagement tends to increase with age

Which of the following is an accurate description of the information in the table?

Republicans were more likely than Democrats and Independents to believe in media bias

In a political climate marred by gridlock and partisanship, you are a political consultant employed by Republican challenger who wants to unseat the eight term incumbent Republican U.S. Representative in the next general election. Which campaign strategy below would be the advice for your candidate?

Present yourself as a moderate Republican who wants break the status quo and work with the Democrats to solve the problems of the nation and defeat the incumbent in the Republican primary or caucus of your state.

Which of the following limits the accuracy of the data regarding news sources used for the 2016 presidential election ?

Primary voters are not necessarily representative of those who vote in the general election.

Judging only from the data in this survey, which of the following would likely be the most urgent action that a Republican respondent would like the federal government to take?

Promote federal libel laws to make it easier to sue media groups for defamation.

Which of the following policy trends best represents a liberal approach to socia issues within the United States?

Providing federal emergency relief to Americans during the Great Depression

Which of the following statements is reflected in the data above?

Social media provides information as well opportunities for political participation .

Which of the following describes a method by which state legislatures can affect presidential elections?

State legislatures can change electoral rules that may affect voter turnout in presidential elections

Which of the following most accurately describes a way that an issue network might participate in the policy-making process?

The Sierra Club and Natural Resources Defense Council combine with other environmental groups to petition the Environmental Protection Agency to increase water quality standards.

Which of the following is most clearly illustrated by the chart above

Support for the Democratic candidate in the 2016 presidentia election was greater among younger voters .

Which of the following most accurately describes the information in the graph?

Television was the most popular source for watching the news

Which of the following describes an interest group serving as a linkage institution?

The American Farm Bureau Federation provides seminars to inform its members about new gov regulations regarding use of fertilisers

Residents of a South-west state vote in the presidential election where the Democratic candidate receives 48% of the popular vote, the Republican candidate receives 46%, and the Libertarian candidate receives 6%. Which of the following correctly describes how the electoral votes would be allocated as a result?

The Democratic candidate will receive all of the states electoral votes.

Which of the following best describes an example of an iron triangle?

The Department of Agriculture meets with lobbyists from the American Farm Bureau Federation to discuss a request for funding to be submitted to the House Committee on Agriculture.

Based on your knowledge of US government and politics, as well as the maps above which of the following does not help to explain the realignment of voters party support in the Deep South between 1964 and 19682 ?

The consequences of the Supreme Court's decision in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

In a surveyAmericans were asked whether they believe the U.S. economy is currently on the right or wrong track, and 54 percent of respondents said they believed it was on the right track. Which of the following would be most likely to increase the credibility of the poll results?

The demographics of the poll respondents reflect the overal demographics of Americans .

The data in the table indicate which of the following trends in obtaining reliable survey results ?

The difficulty of obtaining a representative sample of the population is increasing.

Which of the following statements is most clearly reflected in the 2008 polling data in the table?

The economy was the leading single issue of interest for respondents

Which of the following describes a critical election as that term is used by political scientists?

The election represents a substantial shift in the partisan preferences of voters.

The majority of media coverage related to topics other than the candidates ' experience and policy positions .

The majority of media coverage related to topics other than the candidates ' experience and policy positions

Which of the following best describes an example of horse race journalism?

The media provides daily updates on the polling numbers of the two major party presidential candidates.

Which role of traditional media is best represented by the information about social media in the table above?

The media's role as a linkage institution.

Which of the following would most contribute to the validity of the poll results shown in the graph above ?

The number of survey respondent's is large

Which of the following statements is best supported by the data shown in the graph above?

The opinions measured in the survey changed by less than 10 percent throughout the time period.

Imagine the pie chart above represents the current ideological makeup of U.S. voters . The President is a first -term conservative Republican , but Democrats have just taken over both houses of Congress in the midterm election . How will these election results most likely affect the president's future policy initiatives ?

The president will have to favor more centrist legislative initiatives.

Which of the following is most likely to be an effect of the Electoral College in a state that leans heavily Republican ?

The rate of voter turnout in the presidential election will be lower than if the state was considered to be a swing state.

Which of the following statements is supported by the data in the graph?

The start of the Iraq War was followed by an overall decrease in trust in government among both parties .

A state legislature passes a voter id law that requires voters to present state-issued photo identification in order to receive a ballot at the polls. The required photo ID's cost $ 100 and must be renewed every 4 years. No one is exempt from the requirement. Which of the following constitutional provisions is most likely to be violated by this law ?

24th amendment

Imagine the chart above represents the current ideological makeup of U.S. voters. The government is divided as Democrats control the Senate while Republicans control the presidency and the House of Representatives. There is a vacancy on the Supreme Court and the president has the opportunity to appoint a new justice. Which of the following candidates for that position has the greatest chance to be confirmed by the Senate?

A candidate that has a balanced record of following precedents as established by the Supreme Court over time

Which of the following best describes a government action that is consistent with the political philosophy of individualism ?

A city council creates a municipal ordinance that imposes fines for damages done to private property.

Which of the following individual is most likely to vote in an upcoming election

A middle-aged female with a masters degree

Which of the following would be favored by members of Congress who believe that Keynesian economic policies are most effective in combating an economic recession?

A tax bill that cuts all personal federal income tax rates by 4%

Which of the following is a consequence of the passage of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

Campaign advertisements for candidates were now required to state who created the message.

501(c)(4) organizations are different from other campaign finance groups in that they

Can accept anonymous donations

Which of the following correctly describes an impact of the Electoral College system on recent presidential elections ?

Candidates focus time and money on a relatively small number of swing states.

The Democratic Party of Wisconsin wants to focus on informing voters of the candidates in the upcoming presidential primaries. To do so, they are thinking of changing their primaries to one that would create a more informed voterWhich of the following types of primaries should the Democratic Party of Wisconsin push for with this goal in mind?

Caucus

Which of the following statements is reflected in the data in the chart ?

Democrats and Republicans generally trust the political neutrality of military leaders.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the information in the graph above ?

Female representation has seen the greatest gains in the last twenty years .

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the greatest advantage Congressional incumbents have seeking re-election?

Incumbents have better name recognition and can remind voters of the things they have accomplished while in Washington, D.C.

Which of the following is an accurate statement based on the data in the chart

Individuals aged 65 and over are more likely than any other age group to be conservative .

Which of the following most accurately explains the data presented in the graph?

Major political events impact the public's view of how the government fulfills it roles.

What does the data suggest about the media's role in elections ?

Media coverage can decrease the amount of campaign funding necessary for a successful campaign.

A newspaper publishes a cartoon captioned: "News: Courts OK Corporate Election Spending." The cartoon features a senator whose suit is covered in logos and an air quote that says "No... I am not a NASCAR driver. I'm a U.S. senator." Which of the following best describes the message of the cartoon?

Members of Congress have become increasingly influenced by big business interests.

Which of the following is a correct description of information in the graph?

Most of the respondents who found local television to be the most helpful source of election news were less likely to vote.

The data in chart above is most consistent with which one of the following statements?

Older voters tend to prefer more conservative candidates.

Which of the following correctly describes fiscal and monetary policies that would be most effective at decreasing unemployment ?

Row A Fiscal policy: decrease the personal income tax rate Monetary policy: increase the money supply

Based on the cartoon above, with which of the following policies would the artist be most likely to agree ?

Reducing taxes to decrease costs for businesses

Which of the following comparisons of policy approaches between liberals and conservatives is most accurate?

Row B Increase funding for climate change research (Liberal) Decrease funding for climate change research (Conservative)

The state of Arizona, seeking to have a more educated electorate, has decided to move the voting age from 18 to 24. Despite the outrage of citizens in this age group, the policy passes into law. Which of the following would be the most successful action taken by the outraged citizens to rectify the situation?

The disenfranchised citizens should file a lawsuit with the federa courts to re-establish their right to vote under the 26th Amendment.

Based on the information in the chart , which of the following changes in political ideology would be expected ?

The electorate will become increasingly politically liberal

Which of the following correctly describes an implication of the graph?

The extent of media coverage of specific candidates can potentially impact the outcome of elections.

Which of the following is the best explanation for why a political party might change its position to begin supporting increased civil rights protections?

The party hopes to increase its support among minority groups.

Which of the following describes an implication of the data in the graph ?

The political influence of newspapers is declining