Unit 4: Cell Energy Questions and Answers

Life cycles recycle matter and help to create balance on Earth because ____.

producers make their own food, consumers gain energy from producers, and decomposers break down dead matter into essential nutrients that are then reused by producers

According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat energy released by an organism is ____.

released into the environment and unusable

Energy required for life mostly comes from ____.

solar energy

You are a ____ consumer if you feed on secondary consumers.

teritiary

If energy can't be created according to the first law of thermodynamics, where does it initially come from?

the Sun

Most energy in an ecosystem originally comes from ____.

the Sun

What is the definition of energy?

the ability to do work

Photosynthesis continues to increase with temperature.

true within limits

What is the function of ATP?

To provide energy for many cellular reactions

____ switch on enzyme activity, while ____ can switch off or reduce enzyme activity.

activators; inhibitors

Metabolic pathways ____.

all of the above

What general type of plant food is produced by photosynthesis?

carbohydrates

Which organelle contains chlorophyll and is the location for photosynthesis?

chloroplast

When ATP is converted to ADP, ____ occurs.

dephosphorylation

The universe tends to move to a state of entropy or ____.

disorder

Mr. Jones tells his students that energy cannot be created; it must be captured from the environment. He is talking about the ____.

first law of thermodynamics

A person holding a bow has just released an arrow from the bow. The arrow shoots forward toward the target. What type of energy is being described?

kinetic

Hill is known for working out reactions taking place during the ____ of photosynthesis.

light reaction

Enzymes ____ the activation energy threshold required to start a chemical reaction.

lower

Cellular ____ is all of the chemical reactions in cells.

metabolism

In oxidation, ____ is needed to create a chemical reaction.

oxygen

Which factor can affect the rate of photosynthesis by denaturing enzymes in the plant?

pH levels

A person is standing with a drawn bow and arrow. He is aiming it at the bull's-eye. What type of energy is being described?

potential

Stored energy is ____.

potential energy

The chemical energy stored in ATP during photosynthesis is released during the dark phase to ____.

produce a carbohydrate from CO2

Living organisms that are able to make their own food are ____.

producers

Do you get all the energy from a piece of fruit you eat?

No, because some of the energy is dispersed as heat.

All of the following are examples of limiting factors in an ecosystem except:

Population density

Most potential energy captured from food molecules is stored as ____.

ATP

Yeast has many commercial uses in the production of ____. Select all that apply.

* Breads * Fuels * Wine

Select all that apply. Which statements apply to glycolysis?

* Splits a glucose molecule into pyruvic * occurs without oxygen present * Occurs in all living things

Select all that apply. What do glucose, starch, and cellulose have in common?

* They are all carbohydrates. * They are all related to photosynthesis.

Select all that apply. Which of the following are photosynthetic autotrophs?

* algae * plants * some bacteria * protists

Select all that apply. The reactants of photosynthesis include ____.

* solar energy * carbon dioxide * water * chlorophyll * oxygen

Select all that apply. A food chain or food web can provide good information including ____.

* the flow of energy in an ecosystem * the eating patterns of organisms

After strenuous exercise sore muscles can occur because of?

A buildup of lactic acid in the tissues

A molecule composed of adenine (nitrogenous base, ribose, and three phosphates in known as ____.

ATP

The exchange of gases between animals and the environment is called ____.

Breathing

Part of the photosynthesis process that puts carbon dioxide into the form of carbohydrates is the ____.

Calving cycle

____ is a fuel your body uses for energy.

Glucose

Which factor will increase the rate of photosynthesis?

Increased carbon dioxide levels

Trace the flow of energy by numbering the following events from start to finish.

Step 1: The sun emits energy. Step 2: Plants absorb energy from the Sun and use it for photosynthesis. Step 3: A rabbit eats the plants and uses the energy for growth and respiration. Step 4: A fox eats the rabbit and uses the energy for growth and respiration. Step 5: The fox dies and us decomposed.

Which of the following is an example of energy changing from one form to another?

a fire