Unit 4

P= YY and O= Yy

Gregor Mendel grew different varieties of pea plants in his garden. when he crossed yellow-seed plants with green-seed plants, he always got yellow pea seeds. Do the parent yellow-seeds plants have the same genotype as the off spring yellow seed pea plant? Parent:____________ Offspring:__________

yellow pea seed

Gregor Mendel grew different varieties of pea plants in his garden. when he crossed yellow-seed plants with green-seed plants, he always got yellow pea seeds. What is the dominant trait?

pea plants.

Gregor Mendel worked with..... humans rats fruit flies pea plants

False

Two parents with type A blood cannot have a child with type O blood. True False

False

Two parents with type O blood can have a child with type A blood. True False

two O alleles and they are recessive

Type O blood results from the inheritance of _______. Only one O allele and an A or B gene both the A and the B alleles the Rh allele two O alleles and they are recessive

Two recessive genes.

What would you know about an individual's genotype if an individual has a recessive phenotype? The individual would have.... Two recessive genes Two dominant genes one recessive and one dominant allele Cannot be determined

Two recessive genes.

What would you know about an individual's genotype if an individual has a recessive phenotype? The individual would have.... Two recessive genes. Two dominant genes. one recessive and one dominant allele. Cannot be determined.

polygenic

When a trait is governed by two or more sets of alleles, possibly located on many different pairs of chromosomes, it is called __________________ inheritance. dihybrid incomplete polygenic multiplep

Homologous

When doing the Karyotype the 2 chromosomes which were paired up are referred to as... Homologous Alleles Homologous dominant Heterogeneous

Homologous Chromosomes

When doing the Karyotype, the 2 chromosomes which are paired together are called... Homologous Chromosomes Ressive Chromosomes Homozygous dominant Alleles

Tt

Which is an example of heterozygous? tt TT Tt TS

TT

Which is an example of homozygous dominant? tt TT Tt TS

R'R

Which of the following represents incomplete dominance? RR R'R rw Rr

Rr

Which situation represents the heterogeneous condition? Rr YY gg XXY

normal

With autosomal recessive genetic disorders, heterogeneous individuals have a _______ phenotype. normal recessive homologous hidden

true

With autosomal recessive genetic disorders, males and females are affected with equal frequency. True False

Cystic fibrosis

_______ is the most common lethal genetic disease among Caucasians in the US. Tay-sachs Cystic fibrosis PKU all of the above.

Heterozygous

________ means that the members of the allelic pair are different. Recessive Heterozygous Codominant Homozygous

Homozygous

________ means that the two members of the allelic pair in the zygote are the same. Homozygous Heterozygous Codominant Dominant

True

Carriers have a normal phenotype but are capable of having a child with a genetic disorder. True False

True

Children with cystic fibrosis have problems with the digestive and respiratory tracts. True False

False

Complications can occur when an Rh negative woman reproduces with an Rh positive man and the child is Rh negative. True False

True

Most inheritance is more complicated than that described by Mendel. True False

alleles

Alternate forms of a gene having the same position on a pair os chromosomes and affecting the same trait are called.. loci alleles chromatids mutations

dominant

A capital letter indicates a/an _______ allele. inferior superior recessive dominant

brown eyes and short whiskers

A homozygous blue eyed mouse with short whiskers mates with a homozygous brown eyed mouse with long whiskers. all of their off spring have brown eyes and short whiskers. which traits are the dominant traits?

six claws

A homozygous five clawed cat is crossed with a homozygous six clawed cat and all the kittens have six claws. Which trait is dominant?

true

A monohybrid cross involves only experimenting with one trait. True False

true

A recessive allele is expressed if there is no dominant allele present. True False

True

A test cross is used to test if the individual showing a dominant gene is heterogeneous or homozygous dominant. True False

True

A test cross occurs when an individual with the dominant phenotype is crossed with an individual having a recessive phenotype. True False

antigens

ABO alleles determine the presence or absence of _______ on the red blood cells. DNA antigens membranes antibodies

linkage

All alleles on the same chromosome are said to form a/an _______________ group. segregated conjugated assortment linkage

all of the above

Autosomal recessive genetic disorders include... Tay-sachs Cystic fibrosis PKU all of the above.

true

Fertilization gives each new individual two factors for each trait. True False

segregate

Genetic factors ___________ during the formation of the gametes. combine and fuse duplicate many time segregate disappear

causes the brain to degenerate.

Huntington disease..... causes tumors. causes the brain to degenerate. is a recessive disorder. is an example of incomplete dominance.

recessive

If a child has a characteristic that neither parent has, the characteristic is..... dominant recessive a mutation not genetic

False

If a child has a dominant characteristic, neither parent has to hae the characteristic. True False

a Y and an X Chromosome.

In humans a male develops when he... 2 X Chromosomes a Y and an X Chromosome no x chromosomes two m genes

True

In parts of Africa where Malaria occurs, infants with sickle-cell trait have a better chance of survival than do children with the homozygous normal. True False

assortment

Independent ________ occurs because each pair of homologous chromosomes separates independently of the others. linkage conjugation assortment differentiation

False

Individuals with Huntington's disease show symptoms at birth. True False

Polygenic inheritance

Inheritance which involves different sets of genes on different chromosome is and example of ...... multiple alleles Mendelian inheritance Polygenic inheritance Co-dominance

False

It is possible to tell if an individual with a dominant phenotype is homozygous by inspection. True False

two

Mendel reasoned that an individual has _____ factor(s) for every trait. one two three four

one

Mendel reasoned that gametes contain ______ factor(s) for every trait. one two three four

Pea plants

Mendel worked with... Pea plants Fruit Flies Sheep Fungus

False

Normally, a child with a dominant trait does not have a parent with the trait. True False

skin color, intelligence, height

Polygenic traits include......... skin color, intelligence, height albinism blood type none of the above

2

RrKKJJMM A diploid organism has 8 chromosomes. After meiosis the gametes produced would consist of how many different assortments of chromosomes. 1 2 3 24

2

RrPPTT is a diploid organism with 6 chromosomes. After meiosis the gametes produced would consis of how many different assortments of chromosomes? 2 4 8 16

homologous

Segregation occurs because _____ chromosomes separate during meiosis. heterogeneous homozygous homologous linked

Red

Select the phenotype of dominant red flowers. RR Rr rr Red

True

Sex linked traits are concerned with genes on the X chromosome. True False

3:1

The expected phenotype ratio for a cross between two hetoerozygous individuals is..... 1:1 2:1 3:1 9:3:3:1

Homozygous dominant

The genotype RR is... Heterozygous Homologous Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive

True

The law of independent assortment states that each pair of genes segregates independently of other pairs. True False

meiosis

The members of each allelic pair separate during..... meiosis mitosis fertilization binary fission

True

The physical characteristics of the individual is called the phenotype. True False

False

The sickle cell trait is a condition inwhich all the blood cells are sickle shaped. True False