Unit 5- GI

A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has Crohn's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Decrease intake of calorie-dense foods. B. Drink canned protein supplements. C. Increase intake of high fiber foods. D. Eat high-residue foods.

B. Drink canned protein supplements.

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. Which of the following blood laboratory results should the nurse expect to be elevated? SATA A. Hematocrit B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate C. WBC D. Folic acid E. Albumin

B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate C. WBC

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of hepatitis C. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect? A. Presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies (IgG) B. Positive EIA test C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 35 units/L D. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 15 UI/L

B. Positive EIA test

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Use bismuth subsalicylate regulary B. consume a low-fiber diet C. Eat yogurt with live cultures D. Use bisacodyl suppositories regularly

C. Eat yogurt with live cultures

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticulitis and a new prescription for a low-fiber diet. Which of the following food items should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray. A. Canned fruit B. White bread C. Broiled hamburger D. Coleslaw

D. Coleslaw

A community health nurse is planning an educational program about hepatitis A. When preparing the materials, the nurse should identify that which of the following groups is most at risk for developing hepatitis A? A. Children B. Older adults C. Women who are pregnant D. Middle-aged men

A. Children A child or young adult acquires the infection at school, through poor hygiene, though hand-to-mouth contact, or via another form of close contact.

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching as the purpose of bile? A. Digesting fats B. Producing chyme C. Stimulating gastric acid secretion D. Providing energy

A. Digesting fats

A nurse is caring for a client who has a small bowel obstruction from adhesion. Which of the following findings are consistent with this diagnosis? SATA A. Emesis greater than 500 mL with fecal odor B. Report of spasmodic abdominal pain C. High-pitched bowel sounds. D. Abdomen flat with rebound tenderness to palpation. E. Laboratory finding indicating metabolic acidosis.

A. Emesis greater than 500 mL with fecal odor B. Report of spasmodic abdominal pain C. High-pitched bowel sounds.

A nurse is assessing a client who has a bleeding duodenal ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Emesis with a coffee-ground appearance. B. Increased blood pressure. C. Decreased heart rate. D. Bright green stools.

A. Emesis with a coffee-ground appearance.

A nurse is performing discharge teaching about ostomy care while at home for a client who has a newly placed ileostomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Empty your ostomy pouch when it becomes half full. B. Place an aspirin in the ostomy pouch to eliminate odor. C. change the ostomy appliance every week. D. Cleanse the site around the stoma with hydrogen peroxide and water.

A. Empty your ostomy pouch when it becomes half full.

A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Keep a food diary to identify triggers to exacerbation. B. Consume 15 to 20g of fiber daily. C. Plan three moderate to large meals per day. D. Limit fluid intake to 1 L each day.

A. Keep a food diary to identify triggers to exacerbation.

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about caring for a client who is scheduled for an esophagogastric balloon tamponade tube to treat bleeding esophageal varices. Which of the following piece of information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. The client will be placed on mechanical ventilation prior to this procedure. B. The tube will be inserted into the client's trachea. C. The client will receive a bowel preparation with cathartics prior to this procedure. D. The tube allows the application of a ligation band to the bleeding varices.

A. The client will be placed on mechanical ventilation prior to this procedure.

A nurse is caring for a client who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray? A. Wheat toast B. Tapioca pudding C. Hard-boiled egg D. Mashed potatoes

A. Wheat toast

A client was admitted with severe unexplained weight loss of 10 pounds in one week and hemoglobin has dropped in two months from 9.0 g/dL to 7.0 g/dL. The client stated that her bowels have changed color and are a very dark maroon color. Which diagnosis would the nurse suspect the client is experiencing? A. Esophageal cancer B. Colorectal cancer C. Cholecystitis D. Cirrhosis

B. Colorectal cancer

Which of the following is associated with lower gastrointestinal bleeding, resulting in bright red blood in the stool? A. Melena B. Hematochezia C. Hematemesis D. Steatorrhea

B. Hematochezia

Small bowel obstructions have a rapid onset. Which of the following bowel sounds is heard below the obstruction? A. hyperbolic B. Hypobolic C. Colicky D. Rumbling

B. Hypobolic

A nurse is preparing to administer pancrelipase to a client who has pancreatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Instruct the client to chew the medication before swallowing. B. Offer a glass of water following administration. C. Administer the medication 30 min before meals. D. Sprinkle the contents on peanut butter.

B. Offer a glass of water following administration.

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has ulcerative colitis. Which of the following food selections by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. Raw vegetable salad with low-fat dressing. B. Roast chicken and white rice C. Fresh fruit salad and milk. D. Peanut butter on whole wheat bread.

B. Roast chicken and white rice *need to be on a low fiber diet so no whole grains and raw fruits and vegetables.

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following serum laboratory values should return to the expected reference range within 72 hr of treatment beginning? A. Aldolase B. Lipase C. Amylase D. Lactic dehyrdogenase

C. Amylase

A nurse is assessing a client who has been taking prednisone following an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings as the priority? A. Client reports difficulty sleeping. B. The client's urine is positive for glucose. C. Client reports having an elevated body temperature. D. Client reports gaining 4 lbs in the last 6 months.

C. Client reports having an elevated body temperature.

During the diagnostics of a gastrointestinal bleed, which of the following steps is second step of the Guaiac Fecal Occult Blood Test? A. Gather supplies, wash hands, non-sterile gloves. B. Open the back of the slid and apply two drops of developing solution. C. Open and apply stool samples to the boxes on the slides. D. Wait 30-60 seconds E. Document the results

C. Open and apply stool samples to the boxes on the slides.

A nurse is assessing a client who was admitted with a bowel obstruction. The client reports severe abdominal pain. Which of the following findings indicates that a possible bowel perforation has occured? A. Elevated blood pressure B. Bowel sounds increased in frequency and pitch. C. Rigid abdomen D. Emesis of undigested food

C. Rigid abdomen

The development of diverticulosis can be attributed to which pathological change? A. An increase in production of bile. B. A decrease in production of bile. C. A decrease in the production of pepsin. D. A weakness in the lining of the large intestine.

D. A weakness in the lining of the large intestine.

A nurse is caring for a client who has gastrointestinal bleeding. The provider suspect a bleeding lesion in the colon. The initial approach to treatment likely will involve which of the following procedures? A. Exploratory laparotomy B. Double-contrast barium enema C. Magnetic resonance imaging D. Colonoscopy

D. Colonoscopy

A nurse is assessing a client who has a complete intestinal obstruction. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Absence of bowel sounds in all 4 abdominal quadrants. B. Passage of blood-tinged liquid stool. C. Presence of flatus D. Hyperactive bowel sounds above the obstruction.

D. Hyperactive bowel sounds above the obstruction.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a sigmoid colon resection with colostomy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? A. Because most of my colon is still intact and functioning, my stool will be formed. B. My stoma will appear large at first, but it will shrink over the next several weeks. C. My colostomy will begin to function in 2 to 6 days after surgery. D. Ill have to consume a soft diet after the surgery.

D. Ill have to consume a soft diet after the surgery.

A nurse is teaching about secondary prevention actions for colorectal caner for a health fair for adults in the community. Which of the following topics should the nurse include? A. Smoking cessation B. Benefits of a diet high in cruciferous vegetables C. New types of ostomy appliances D. Importance of colonoscopy screenings starting at the age 50 years old.

D. Importance of colonoscopy screenings starting at the age 50 years old.

A nurse is reviewing the admission laboratory results of a client who has an acute pancreatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Decreased blood lipase level B. Decreased blood amylase level C. Increased blood calcium level D. Increased blood glucose level

D. Increased blood glucose level

A nurse is monitoring the laboratory results of a client who has end-stage liver failure. Which of the following results should the nurse expect? A. Decreased lactate dehydrogenase B. Increased serum albumin C. Decreased serum ammonia D. Increased prothrombin time

D. Increased prothrombin time

A nurse is performing a gastrointestinal assessment of a client who has liver cirrhosis with abdominal distention. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for changes in the client's abdominal distention? A. Percuss the abdomen for tympanic sounds. B. Inspect the contour of the abdominal wall. C. Instruct the client to report increased abdominal discomfort. D. Take serial measurements of the abdomen with a tape measure.

D. Take serial measurements of the abdomen with a tape measure.

A nurse is caring for a client following a paracentesis. Which of the following findings indicate the bowel was perforated during the procedure? A. Client report of upper chest pain. B. Decreased urine output C. Pallor D. Temperature elevation

D. Temperature elevation

What is the pathophysiology of a small bowel obstruction? A. The pathophysiology of a small bowel obstruction is identified by nutrient malabsorption with mucosal injury to the small intestines following ingestion of gluten. B. The pathophysiology of a small bowel obstruction is thought to be caused by stool formation that has impacted the rectum. C. The pathophysiology of a small bowel obstruction is thought to be caused by an appendiceal lumen obstruction. D. The pathophysiology of a small bowel obstruction is caused by swallowed air and the accumulation of gastric secretions due to intestinal proximal dilation.

D. The pathophysiology of a small bowel obstruction is caused by swallowed air and the accumulation of gastric secretions due to intestinal proximal dilation.

A nurse is caring for a client who has an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Ensure bowel rest B. Offer sparkling water frequently. C. Administer a stool softener. D. Offer plain warm tea frequently.

A. Ensure bowel rest

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of cirrhosis who has been admitted with manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following laboratory tests to determine the possibility of recent excessive alcohol use? A. Gamma-glutamyl transerase (GGT) B. Alaline phosphatase (ALP) C. Serum bilirubin D. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

A. Gamma-glutamyl transerase (GGT)

A nurse is teaching dietary-modification strategies to a client who has been newly diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A. Grilled chicken B. Potato soup C. Fish sticks D. Baked ham

A. Grilled chicken *High protein

A nurse is completing teaching for a client who has pancreatitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? SATA A. I plan to eat small, frequent meals B. I will eat easy-to-digest foods with limited spice. C. I will use skim milk when cooking D. I plan to drink regular cola. E. I will limit alcohol intake to two drinks per day.

A. I plan to eat small, frequent meals B. I will eat easy-to-digest foods with limited spice. C. I will use skim milk when cooking

A nurse in a clinic is teaching a client who has ulcerative colitis. Which of the following statement by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? A. I will plan to limit fiber in my diet. B. I will restrict fluid intake during meals. C. I will switch to black tea instead of drinking coffee. D. I will try to eat cold foods rather than warm when my stomach feels upset.

A. I will plan to limit fiber in my diet.

You're providing diet teaching to a patient with ulcerative colitis about what types of foods to avoid during a "flare-up". Which foods below should the patient avoid? SELECT-ALL-THAT-APPLY: A. Ice cream B. White Rice C. Fresh apples and pears D. Popcorn E. Cooked carrots

A. Ice cream C. Fresh apples and pears D. Popcorn

A nurse is teaching a client who will undergo a sigmoidoscopy. Which of the following information about the procedure should the nurse include? SATA A. Increased flatulence can occur following the procedure. B. NPO status should be maintained preprocedure. C. Conscious sedation is used. D. Repositioning will occur throughout the procedure. E. Fluid intake is limited the day after the procedure.

A. Increased flatulence can occur following the procedure. B. NPO status should be maintained preprocedure.

A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis B about home care. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? SATA A. Limit physical activity B. Avoid alcohol C. Take acetaminophen for comfort D. Wear a mask when in public places E. Eat small frequent meals

A. Limit physical activity B. Avoid alcohol E. Eat small frequent meals

A client diagnosed with gastritis is given ranitidine. Which of the following describes teh mechanism of action of the drug? A. Lowers gastric secretions by blocking histamine H2 receptors in the stomach. B. Lowers gastric acid by inhibiting the proton pump in the parietal cells of the stomach. C. Inhibits gastric lipase. D. Stimulates enteric nerves.

A. Lowers gastric secretions by blocking histamine H2 receptors in the stomach.

A client is admitted with celiac disease. Which clinical manifestations would the client be experiencing? SATA A. Mild pain B. Abdominal distention C. Diarrhea and steatorrhea D. Weight loss E. Flatulence

A. Mild pain B. Abdominal distention C. Diarrhea and steatorrhea D. Weight loss E. Flatulence

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following interventions should be included in the plan of care? SATA A. Obtain a capillary blood glucose four times daily. B. Administer prescribed medicaitons through a secondary port on the TPN IV tubing. C. Monitor vital signs three times during the 12-hour shift. D. Change the TPN IV tubing every 24 hr. E. Ensure a daily aPTT is obtained.

A. Obtain a capillary blood glucose four times daily. C. Monitor vital signs three times during the 12-hour shift. D. Change the TPN IV tubing every 24 hr.

A patient with ulcerative colitis is scheduled for ileoanal anastomosis (J-Pouch) surgery. You know that this procedure: A. Removes the colon and rectum which allows a pouch to be created that will attach to the ileum. This will allow stool to pass from the small intestine to the anus. B. Removes the colon and rectum and creates a permanent ileostomy. C. Removes the colon and creates a temporary colostomy. D. Removes the rectum which allows a pouch to be created from the colon. This will allow stool to pass from the colon to the anus.

A. Removes the colon and rectum which allows a pouch to be created that will attach to the ileum. This will allow stool to pass from the small intestine to the anus.

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute diverticulitis. While the client has active inflammation, the nurse should instruct the client to include which of the following foods in her diet? A. White bread and plain yogurt. B. Shredded wheat cereal and blueberries. C. Broccoli and kidney beans D. Oatmeal and fresh pears.

A. White bread and plain yogurt. *Diet low in fiber

You're providing education to a patient with severe ulcerative colitis about Adalimumab. Which statement by the patient is CORRECT? A. "This medication is used as first-line treatment for ulcerative colitis." B. "My physician will order a TB skin test before I start taking this medication." C. "This medication works by increasing the tumor necrosis factor protein which helps decrease inflammation." D. "This medication is a corticosteroid. Therefore, I need to monitor my blood glucose levels regularly."

B. "My physician will order a TB skin test before I start taking this medication."

A nurse is providing care to a client who is 1 day postoperative following a paracentesis. The nurse observes clear, pale-yellow fluid leaking from the operative site. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention? A. Place a clean towel near the drainage site. B. Apply a dry, sterile dressing. C. Apply direct pressure to the site. D. Place the client in a supine position.

B. Apply a dry, sterile dressing.

A nurse is demonstrating colostomy care to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse teach the client to perform? SATA A. Use antimicrobial ointment on the peristomal skin B. Empty the bag when it is one-third to one-half full C. Cute the skin barrier opening a little larger than the ostomy D. Wash the peristomal skin with mild soap and water E. Apply the skin barrier while the skin is slightly moist

B. Empty the bag when it is one-third to one-half full C. Cute the skin barrier opening a little larger than the ostomy D. Wash the peristomal skin with mild soap and water

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has a new diagnosis of hepatitis A. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching. A. During this illness, she may take acetaminophen for fevers or discomfort. B. Encourage her to eat foods that are high in carbohydrates C. The provider will prescribe a medication to help her liver heal faster. D. Have her perform moderate exercise to restore her strength more quickly.

B. Encourage her to eat foods that are high in carbohydrates

A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis. The provider prescribes bed rest with bathroom privileges. When the client asks the nurse why he has to stay in bed, which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A. you need to conserve energy at this time. B. Lying quietly in bed helps slow down the activity in your intestines. C. Staying in bed promotes the rest and comfort you need. D. Staying in bed will help prevent injury and minimize your fall risk.

B. Lying quietly in bed helps slow down the activity in your intestines.

A nurse is assessing a client in an extended care facility. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings is a manifestation of an obstruction of the large intestine due to a fecal impaction? A. The client reports one bowel movement yesterday. B. The client is having small, frequent liquid stools. C. The client is flatulent. D. The client indicates vomiting once this morning.

B. The client is having small, frequent liquid stools.

A nurse is completing an admission assessment for a client who has a small bowel obstruction. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? SATA A. Emesis prior to insertion of the nasogastric tube. B. Urine specific gravity 1.040 C. Hematocrit 60% D. Blood potassium 3.0 mEq/L E. WBC 10,000/uL

B. Urine specific gravity 1.040 C. Hematocrit 60% D. Blood potassium 3.0 mEq/L

A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client who will undergo surgery to create a temporary colostomy. The client asks the nurse about the difference between colostomies and ileostomies. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. A colostomy drains stool, and an ileostomy drains urine. B. A colostomy is temporary, and an ileostomy is permanent. C. A colostomy is from the large intestine, and an ileostomy is from the small intestine. D. An ileostomy requires dietary restrictions, while a colostomy does not.

C. A colostomy is from the large intestine, and an ileostomy is from the small intestine.

A patient is receiving treatment for ulcerative colitis by taking Azathioprine. Which physician's order would the nurse question if received? A. Ambulate the patient twice day B. Low-fiber and high-protein diet C. Administer varicella vaccine intramuscularly D. Administer calcium carbonate by mouth daily

C. Administer varicella vaccine intramuscularly

A nurse is caring for a client from the Middle East who has celiac disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform regarding the client's diet? A. Provide foods prepared according to kosher dietary law B. Ask the kitchen to prepare grits to meet the client's dietary need for grains. C. Determine the client's dietary preferences D. Prepare a diet tray that includes vegetable and barley soup

C. Determine the client's dietary preferences

A nurse is caring for a client who has abdominal pain and possible pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse identify as an indication of pancreatitis? A. Decreased white blood cell (WBC) count. B. Increased albumin level C. Increased serum lipase level D. Decreased blood glucose level

C. Increased serum lipase level

A nurse is caring for a client who has fulminant hepatic failure. Which of the following procedures should the nurse anticipate for this client? A. Endoscopic sclerotherapy B. Liver lobectomy C. Liver transplant D. Transjugular intrahepatic portal systemic shunt placement

C. Liver transplant

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for sulfasalazine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Take this medication 2 hours after eating. B. Discontinue this medication if your skin turns yellow-orange. C. Notify the provider if you experience a sore throat. D. Expect your stools to turn black.

C. Notify the provider if you experience a sore throat.

A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who is 3 days postoperative following a transverse colostomy. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Mucus will be present in stool for 5-7 days after surgery. B. Expect 500 to 1000 mL of semiliquid stool after 2 weeks. C. Stoma should be moist and pink. D. Change the ostomy bag when it is full.

C. Stoma should be moist and pink.

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has bleeding esophageal varices. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Famotidine B. Esomeprazole C. Vasopressin D. Omeprazole

C. Vasopressin

A nurse is completing a history and physical assessment for a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following finding should the nurse identify as a likely cause of the client's condition? A. High-calorie diet B. Prior gastrointestinal illnesses C. Tobacco use D. Alcohol use

D. Alcohol use

A nurse is teaching a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and a history of alcohol consumption. The nurse should explain that alcohol can cause liver cirrhosis through which of the following actions? A. Increasing the workload of the liver by releasing stored glycogen. B. Causing ulceration of liver tissue that can lead to bleeding. C. Dilating veins in the portal cirulation D. Destroying liver cells that are later replaced with scar tissue.

D. Destroying liver cells that are later replaced with scar tissue.

A nurse is completing an admission assessment for a client who has pancreatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Pain in right upper quadrant radiating to right shoulder. B. Report of pain being worse when sitting upright. C. Pain relieved with defecation. D. Epigastric pain radiating to left shoulder.

D. Epigastric pain radiating to left shoulder.

In severe cases of gastrointestinal bleeding result in hemorrhagic or hypovolemic shock. Which of the following is the most concerning in a client with a result of this complication? A. Hypertension B. Bradycardia C. Flushing of skin D. Hemoglobin levels <7

D. Hemoglobin levels <7

A patient is admitted with ulcerative colitis. In the physician's notes, it is stated that the patient's barium enema results showed the patient has colitis that starts in the rectum and extends into the sigmoid and descending colon. As the nurse, you know that this is what type of ulcerative colitis? A. Right-sided colitis B. Proctosigmoiditis C. Ulcerative procotitis D. Left-sided colitis

D. Left-sided colitis

A nurse is caring for a client who has colitis and reported increased exacerbations due to stress at work. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. I will contact the social worker so you can discuss career alternatives. B. Have you thought about discussing the possibility of a part-time assignment with your employer? C. Why don't you ask your employer to relieve you of some work until you are stronger. D. Perhaps we should review your coping mechanisms and talk about other alternatives.

D. Perhaps we should review your coping mechanisms and talk about other alternatives.

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is admitting a client who has hepatitis B with ascites. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Initiate contact precautions B. Weigh the client weekly. C. Measure abdominal girth at the base of the ribcage. D. Provide a high-calorie, high-carbohydrate diet.

D. Provide a high-calorie, high-carbohydrate diet.

What is the pathophysiology of appendicitis? A. The pathophysiology of appendicitis is thought to be caused by a stone in the common bile duct. B. The pathophysiology of appendicitis is thought to be caused by a stone in the bladder. C. The pathophysiology of appendicitis is thought to be caused by stool formation that has impacted the rectum. D. The pathophysiology of appendicitis is thought to be caused by an appendiceal lumen obstruction.

D. The pathophysiology of appendicitis is thought to be caused by an appendiceal lumen obstruction.

Which diagnostic test is most accurate for diagnosing colorectal cancer? A. Endoscopy B. Colon screening card test C. X-ray of the abdomen D. Colonoscopy

D. Colonoscopy

A nurse is obtaining a guaiac test from a client. This test performed to detect which of the following? A. Fecal material in vomit B. Blood in stool C. Infestation of parasites D. Microorganisms in urine

B. Blood in stool

A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following medications can the nurse expect to administer to this client? SATA A. Diuretic B. Beta-blocking agent C. Opioid analgesic D. Lactulose E. Sedative

A. Diuretic B. Beta-blocking agent D. Lactulose

A nurse is planning for a client who has a small bowel obstruction and a nasogastric (NG) tube in place. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? SATA A. Document the NG drainage with the client's output B. Irrigate the NG tube every 8 hr. C. Assess bowel sounds. D. Provide oral hygiene every 2 hr. E. Monitor NG tube for placement.

A. Document the NG drainage with the client's output C. Assess bowel sounds. D. Provide oral hygiene every 2 hr. E. Monitor NG tube for placement.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a colostomy about ways to reduce flatus and odor. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include? A. Eat crackers and yogurt regularly. B. Chew minty gum throughout the day. C. Drink orange juice every day D. Put an aspirin in the pouch

A. Eat crackers and yogurt regularly.

A patient is newly diagnosed with mild ulcerative colitis. What type of anti-inflammatory medication is typically prescribed as first-line treatment for this condition? A. 5-Aminosalicylates (Sulfasalazine) B. Immunomodulators (Adalimumab) C. Corticosteroids (Prednisone) D. Immunosupressors (Azathioprine)

A. 5-Aminosalicylates (Sulfasalazine)

A nurse is assisting a provider with performing a paracentesis on a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Ask the client to empty his bladder before the procedure. B. Place the client leaning forward over the bedside table for the procedure. C. Inform the client he will be sedated during the procedure. D. Instruct the client to fast for 6 hr prior to the procedure.

A. Ask the client to empty his bladder before the procedure.

A nurse is having difficulty arousing a client following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse? A. Assess the client's airway. B. Allow the client to sleep. C. Prepare to administer an antidote to the sedative. D. Evaluate preprocedure laboratory findings.

A. Assess the client's airway.

Nursing care for a client diagnosed with diverticulitis should include: SATA A. Avoid straining B. NPO status C. Pain management D. IV normal saline E. Barium Enema

A. Avoid straining B. NPO status C. Pain management D. IV normal saline

Which of the following dietary and lifestyle changes must a nurse educate a client with gastritis to avoid? SATA A. Caffeine B. Alcohol C. Smoking D. Fried food E. Spicy food

A. Caffeine B. Alcohol C. Smoking D. Fried food E. Spicy food

A nurse is reviewing bowel prep using polyethylene glycol with a client scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Check with the provider about taking current medications when consuming bowel prep. B. Consume a normal diet until starting the bowel prep. C. Expect the bowel prep to not begin acting until the day after all the prep is consumed. D. Discontinue the bowel prep once feces start to be expelled.

A. Check with the provider about taking current medications when consuming bowel prep.

A nurse is admitting a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? SATA A. Obtain the client's PT and INR measurements B. Administer lactulose 30 ml PO 4 times daily. C. Obtain daily weight and abdominal girth measurements D. Administer a daily multivitamin E. Place the client on a low-protein diet.

A. Obtain the client's PT and INR measurements B. Administer lactulose 30 ml PO 4 times daily. C. Obtain daily weight and abdominal girth measurements D. Administer a daily multivitamin

A complication of a small bowel obstruction is due to pressure build-up behind the small intestine. The perforation of the bowel is called: A. Peritonitis B. Embolism C. Atelectasis D. Edema

A. Peritonitis

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to undergo a liver biopsy for a suspected malignancy. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse monitor prior to the procedure? A. Prothrombin time B. Serum lipase C. Bilirubin D. Calcium

A. Prothrombin time

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN solution. The current bag of solution was hung 24 hr ago, and 400 mL remains to infuse. Which of the following is the appropriate action for the nurse to take? A. Remove the current bag and hang a new bag. B. Infuse the remaining solution at the current rate and then hang a new bag. C. Increase the infusion rate so the remaining solution is administered within the hour and hang a new bag. D. Remove the current bag and hang a bag of lactated Ringer's.

A. Remove the current bag and hang a new bag.

How do you differentiate an upper gastrointestinal bleed from a lower gastrointestinal bleed? A. Vomiting blood that resembles coffee ground emesis is a sign of an upper gastrointestinal bleed. B. Vomiting blood that resembles coffee ground emesis is a sign of a lower gastrointestinal bleed. C. Dark or tarry stools is a sign of a lower gastrointestinal bleed. D. Bright red blood from the rectal area is an upper gastrointestinal bleed.

A. Vomiting blood that resembles coffee ground emesis is a sign of an upper gastrointestinal bleed.

A nurse is caring for a client who has recovered from acute diverticulitis. The nurse should instruct the client to increase his intake of which of the following foods when the inflammation subsides? A. Cucumbers and tomatoes B. Cabbage and peaches C. Strawberries and corn D. Figs and nuts

B. Cabbage and peaches *after inflammation has subsided, client should increase high fiber foods that do not contain seeds.

A nurse is preparing a community education program about hepatitis B. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. A hepatitis B immunization is recommended for those who travel, especially military personnel. B. A hepatitis B immunization is given to infants and children. C. Hepatitis B is acquired by eating foods that are contaminated during handling. D. Hepatitis B can be prevented by using good personal hygiene habits and proper sanitation.

B. A hepatitis B immunization is given to infants and children.

. You're educating a group of outpatients about signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis. Which of the following are NOT typical signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis? SELECT-ALL-THAT-APPLY: A. Rectal Bleeding B. Abdominal mass C. Bloody diarrhea D. Fistulae E. Extreme Hungry F. Anemia

B. Abdominal mass D. Fistulae E. Extreme Hungry

A nurse is assessing a client who is in the early stages of hepatitis A. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? A. Jaundice B. Anorexia C. Dark urine D. Pale feces

B. Anorexia

A nurse is assessing a client who has advanced cirrhosis. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as indicators of hepatic encephalopathy? (SATA) A. Anorexia B. Change in orientation C. Asterixis D. Ascites E. Fetor hepaticus

B. Change in orientation C. Asterixis E. Fetor hepaticus

Which of the following clients are at high risk of developing colorectal cancer? SATA A. A client who has had years of gastroesophageal reflux disease. B. A client diagnosed with diverticulosis 5 years ago. C. A client who was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis 15 years ago. D. A client whose mother and father had colorectal cancer 2 years ago. E. A client who drinks 2 pints of vodka and a case of beer a day.

B. A client diagnosed with diverticulosis 5 years ago. C. A client who was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis 15 years ago. D. A client whose mother and father had colorectal cancer 2 years ago. E. A client who drinks 2 pints of vodka and a case of beer a day.

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to undergo an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). The nurse should identify this procedure is for which of the following reasons? A. To visualize polyps in the colon B. To detect an ulceration in the stomach C. To identify an obstruction in the biliary tract D. To determine the presence of free air in the abdomen.

B. To detect an ulceration in the stomach

A nurse is providing teaching about colon cancer to a group of females 45-65 years of age. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Colonoscopies for individuals with no family history of cancer should begin at age 40. B. A sigmoidoscopy is recommended every 5 years beginning at age 60. C. Fecal occult blood tests should be done annually beginning at age 50 D. An MRI provides a definitive diagnosis of colon cancer

C. Fecal occult blood tests should be done annually beginning at age 50

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has diverticulitis about preventing acute attacks. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A. Foods high in vitamin C B. Foods low in fat C. Foods high in fiber D. Foods low in calories

C. Foods high in fiber

A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who has a suspected tumor of the jujunum. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following tests? SATA A. Blood alpha-fetoprotein B. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) C. Gastrointestinal x-ray with contrast D. Small bowel capsule endoscopy (M2A) E. Colonoscopy

C. Gastrointestinal x-ray with contrast D. Small bowel capsule endoscopy (M2A)

A nurse is assessing a client who has pancreatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of pancreatitis? A. Generalized cyanosis B. Hyperactive bowel sounds C. Gray-blue discoloration of the skin around the umbilicus D. Wheezing in the lower lung fields

C. Gray-blue discoloration of the skin around the umbilicus

A nurse in a clinic is instructing a client about a fecal occult blood test, which requires mailing three specimens. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding? A. I will continue taking my warfarin while I complete these tests. B. Im glad I don't have to follow any special diet at this time. C. This test determine if I have parasites in my bowel. D. This is an easy way to screen for colon cancer.

D. This is an easy way to screen for colon cancer.

A patient diagnosed with pancolitis is experiencing extreme abdominal distension, pain 10 on 1-10 scale in the abdomen, temperature of 103.6 'F, HR 120, and profuse diarrhea. What complication due you suspect the pain is experiencing? A. Fistulae B. Stricture C. Bowel obstruction D. Toxic megacolon

D. Toxic megacolon

A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a child who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the guardian to omit from the child's diet? A. Cornflakes B. Reduced-fat milk C. Canned fruits D. Wheat bread

D. Wheat bread

True or False: NSAIDs are used as first-line treatment for pain relief with patients with ulcerative colitis.

False

True or False: Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcer formation in the inner lining of the small intestine, specifically the terminal ileum.

False