Unit 5: Pollutants

2. Which of these could be considered nonpoint sources of air pollution?

- airplanes - lawn mowers - vehicles

8. During a field investigation, which of these steps could help a person prevent sunstroke?

.67 of 1 - Increase the frequency of rest breaks. - Increase time spent in the heat gradually.

16. Which of these activities are likely to pollute a body of water?

.67 of 1 - increase in heavy metals - surface water runoff

9. A researcher examines the distribution of carbon monoxide in a region. Which is likely to represent the correct reading for the region?

8 parts per million

21. What is the significance for public health of testing water for E. coli?

It can indicate the presence of sewage in a water system.

3. Which of these describes the effects of an increase in the amount of chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere?

It results in depletion of the ozone layer.

1. Why is it important to wear a lab coat during laboratory investigations?

It shields the arms and torso from coming into direct contact with harmful chemicals.

5. How do human activities result in groundwater pollution?

The use of chemical pesticides during crop production may leach into groundwater over time.

10. Identify the pollen grain using this dichotomous key.

pine

2. Why is it necessary to treat sewage before it enters a stream?

to prevent the contamination of water

22. Which of these explains the need for managing waste materials?

to safely dispose into the environment

1. Water temperature, pH and Turbidity are some water quality indicators.

true

3. Project 5 is a water quality project. The alternative water quality project is a research based project about your local water. It should be 3 paragraphs and answer the questions in the power point.

true

9. Which answer is a nonpoint source of soil pollution?

use of excess herbicides

7. Which types of pathogens can be found in soil due to contamination by certain fertilizers or wastewater used in agriculture?

- E. coli - Salmonella

3. What are the likely impacts of high levels of chloride on the aquatic ecosystem?

- It impacts the food sources of aquatic organisms. - It inhibits the reproduction of species.

2. What are benefits of reusing or recycling glass bottles?

- It will reduce the space required in landfills. NOT - It will prevent depletion of natural resources from Earth. - It will reduce the need for new construction materials.

12. Which answers are true about soil and public health?

- Soil can be contaminated with pathogenic agents from the use of wastewater in agriculture. - Soil can be contaminated with pathogenic agents from the use of certain fertilizers, such as manure, in agriculture.

2. A student plans to conduct an investigation in a laboratory. Which of these things could help the student conduct a safe experiment?

- disposable gloves - laboratory coat - eye protection

10. Which of these activities is likely to result in soil pollution?

- disposal of untreated of industrial waste - pesticide runoff from irrigation

5. Which of these characteristics are likely to be observed in plants if heavy metals increase?

- drop in yield - reduction in growth

7. Which options are examples of nonpoint sources of air pollution?

- dust storms - wildfires

6. Which answers are an example of nonpoint sources of water pollution?

- excess herbicide from agricultural lands - toxic chemicals from urban runoff

1. Which two are point sources of air pollution?

- factories - electric power plants

3. Which of these items can be saved from the trash for reuse?

- glass bottles - newspapers and magazines

5. Which units can be used to calculate the concentrations of air pollutants within a region?

- micrograms per cubic meter - parts per billion

3. Which answers are considered a point source of soil pollution?

- oil spills - industrial waste

1. Why is it important to treat solid waste material before discarding it in landfills?

- to eliminate the adverse impact of waste on human health and the environment - to help reduce the volume of waste that goes in the landfill

2. Why is the safe disposal of wastewater necessary?

- to reduce the chances of lowering the water quality - to conserve natural resources

4. Environmental effects are caused by both natural and human activity. Which effect is mainly because of human activity?

.67 of 1 - increase in the carbon dioxide level - increase in the number of aerosols

9. A student wants to understand the acidity of a garden's soil. The student mixes the soil sample with distilled water, then measures the acidity of the water. Which answer is likely to be the correct reading for the experiment?

6.1 pH

4. Which option explains a large-scale environmental effect of using fossil fuels?

Burning coal and petroleum products releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the air, which causes acid rain.

13. Discuss the large-scale environmental impacts of soil pollution caused by industrial wastes.

Disposal of untreated industrial waste can contaminate the soil. Heavy metals and chemicals in the soil can cause a reduction in plant growth. The industrial waste can also seep into ground water. Drinking contaminated water can cause diseases in people.

5. _[blank]_ and _[blank]_ are two nonpoint sources of air pollution.

Dust storms, wildfires

1. What can happen when water contaminated with raw sewage is used for drinking or cooking?

It can lead to illnesses such as diarrhea and dysentery.

17. Which answer explains the impact of surface runoff on aquatic organisms?

It decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen available.

23. How is recycling helpful in maintaining the availability of resources?

It reduces the need for raw material.

24. Which of these explain the benefit of reusing a resource?

It reduces the production of more waste materials.

3. How does the burning of fossil fuels add pollution in the air?

It releases carbon dioxide into the air.

19. A student measures the turbidity of four water samples using a spectrophotometer. The amount of light transmitted through the samples is provided in the table. Which of these water samples is likely to be the most suitable for drinking?

Sample C

1. A student tested a water sample's turbidity, and recorded data show 4% transmittance. What can be concluded about the quality of the water sample?

The water has high turbidity and is not suitable for human consumption.

8. A student tests the quality of water using a pH meter. The student immerses the pH electrode into the sample solution and observes that the pH is 5.37. What does this likely indicate?

The water is acidic and may have contaminants.

18. What is the significance to human health of common pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, found in water?

These pathogens may lead to large-scale contamination and potential disease outbreaks.

2. How do soil-transmitted helminths impact human health?

They impair a person's nutritional status.

1. During a field investigation, a student in the group experiences irritated skin that is pink or red. Which of these measures could help prevent the irritation of the skin?

Wear long-sleeved clothing.

6. A researcher wants to measure the presence of nuclear waste in a certain soil. The researcher calculates the value to be 5,000 using a scientific instrument. Which answer is the correct unit for the reading?

becquerels

7. The test results from an experimental study revealed that a drinking water source was polluted with E. coli. What actions should be taken to manage the water quality?

boiling the water before drinking and storing it in sanitized containers

4. Which gas is most harmful to the ozone layer?

chlorofluorocarbon

Unit Session 5

code: week5

8. Farmers have had to use increased amounts of fertilizers and pesticides to meet the food needs of the growing human population. Which answer is a reason to limit the use of fertilizers and pesticides?

contamination of soil

2. A student learns that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are harmful to the environment. Which of these explains the harmful effect of CFCs?

depletion of the ozone layer resulting in more UV rays reaching Earth's surface

15. Which answer is a point source of water pollution?

factory

2. Some areas of Nevada (Reno), have some of the best water quality in the Untied States.

false

2. What is the impact of decreased concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) due to eutrophication?

fish die-offs

1. Which is an example of a point source of air pollution?

industrial site

1. A student collects a water sample to examine the concentration of arsenic. Which answer is the correct unit for the measurement of arsenic concentration in water?

micrograms per liter

14. A student wants to examine the pollutants in a soil sample. Which unit is the most appropriate to calculate the inorganic pollutants in the soil?

milligrams per kilogram (mg/Kg)

11. Which units are the most appropriate for testing the acidity of polluted soil?

pH

1. A student collects a soil sample to measure the acidity of the sample. Which of these devices must the student use to obtain the results?

pH meter

10. Which piece of equipment would help a person measure the acidity in a soil sample?

pH meter

7. Which option is the most appropriate unit for measuring the concentration of air pollution?

parts per million

2. Match each type of air pollutant released to their sources.

pollen = trees carbon dioxide = burning of coal sulfur = volcanos chlorofluorocarbons = refrigerator

25. Which is the best way to discard a plastic shopping bag?

recycling

10. What likely effect can be observed on aquatic life due to an increased toxicity in the water?

reduction of dissolved oxygen for aquatic organisms

20. What is the main objective of wastewater management?

removing harmful substances

4. Which answer is a nonpoint source of soil pollution?

runoff

1. Which answer is a point source of soil pollution?

seepage from landfills

8. Match each type of air pollution with its correct source.

sulfur = volcanos pollen = trees carbon dioxide = wildfires aerosols = dust storms

6. Which of these is a type of pollution caused by an active volcano?

sulfur dioxide

9. To investigate the presence of pollutants, a student collects a water sample from a river near several factories. The water is contaminated with a high concentration of heavy metals. How might the student best identify the source of the heavy metal contamination?

testing water from factories that discharge into the river

4. Match each type of waste item with its correct disposal method.

vegetable scraps = composting rechargeable batteries = recycling medical waste = incineration municipal solid waste = landfill agricultural byproducts = biogas geeration

6. Which sources would be considered a point source of natural air pollution?

volcanos

1. Which is an example of a nonpoint source of air pollution?

wildfires

4. Which units can be used to calculate the concentration of harmful contaminants such as lead in the water?

µg/L

3. A student plans to measure the amount of particulate matter from a wildfire in the air. Which units should the student use for this measurement?

µg/m^3