Unit 6 Terms

Good Samaritan Law

Provides limited protection to someone who voluntarily chooses to provide first aid. protects us if we try and help.

Caregiver stress

overwhelming exhaustion and frustration experienced by persons who must continually care for someone who is old or ill

advance directives

a written statement of a person's wishes regarding medical treatment, often including a living will, made to ensure those wishes are carried out should the person be unable to communicate them to a doctor.

Breach of Duty

failure to meet the standard of care

quantitative research

focuses on testing hypothesis, needs objective observation and validation. emphasize objective measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis

Secondary literature

general reference works based upon primary literature sources

False Imprisonment

he state of being imprisoned without legal authority.

Informed Consent

permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences, typically that which is given by a patient to a doctor for treatment with full knowledge of the possible risks and benefits.

Harm

physical injury, especially that which is deliberately inflicted.

Supportive Care

prevent or treat as early as possible the symptoms of a disease, side effects caused by treatment of a disease, and psychological, social, and spiritual problems related to a disease or its treatment.

Implantation

process in which the blastocyst attaches to the wall of the uterus

Data Anylasis

process of systematically applying statistical and/or logical techniques to describe and illustrate, condense and recap, and evaluate data.

Gametogenesis

production of gametes. The development and maturation of sex cells through meiosis

Nurse Practice Acts

describe and define the legal boundaries of nursing practice within each state

Sexual identity

male or female based on biological characteristics

Tort law

most common basis liablilty of nurses, physicians is rooted in tort law. unintentional or intentional

A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about how to communicate with a client who is cognitively impaired. Which statements made by the nursing student indicate a need for further education? Select all that apply. "I should use visual cues." "I should ask one question at a time." "I should speak in a normal tone of voice." "I should give the client time to respond." "I should face the client so that he or she can see my mouth.

"I should use visual cues." "I should speak in a normal tone of voice." "I should face the client so that he or she can see my mouth." When communicating with a client who is cognitively impaired, the nurse should ask one question at a time and give the client time to respond. When a client cannot speak clearly, the nurse should use visual cues. When the client is visually impaired, the nurse should speak in a normal tone of voice. When the client has an hearing impairment, the nurse should ensure that his or her lips are visible to the client.

A registered nurse is teaching an adolescent female client with irregular menstruation about contraception. Which statements made by the client indicates the need for further education? Select all that apply. "The calendar method of oral contraception is best suitable for me." "The withdrawal method of contraception has high incidences of failure." "Condoms do not offer protection against sexually transmitted infections." "Oral contraceptive pills offer protection from sexually transmitted diseases." "Three-month injectable contraceptive medications may cause weight gain and decreased bone density.

"The calendar method of oral contraception is best suitable for me." "Condoms do not offer protection against sexually transmitted infections." "Oral contraceptive pills offer protection from sexually transmitted diseases." The calendar method of oral contraception is not effective in clients with irregular menstruation. Condoms are the best contraceptive method to offer protection against sexually transmitted infections. Oral contraceptive pills do not offer protection from sexually transmitted diseases. The withdrawal method of contraception has a high failure rate. Administered once in every 12 weeks, medroxyprogesterone injections are an ideal choice of contraception. Side effects such as weight gain and decreased bone mineralization are associated with this method.

What instruction would the nurse be most likely to give a client with reduced sensory perception to prevent injury from scalding? "Apply moisturizers." "Use a bath thermometer." "Dress warmly in cold weather." "Avoid frequent bathing with hot water.

"Use a bath thermometer." A change in sensory perception may occur due to a physical change in the dermis. The client must be taught to use a bath thermometer to prevent scalds. Applying moisturizers is taught in case of decreased dermal blood flow to prevent dryness. The nurse advises the client to dress warmly in cold weather, when the client is at increased risk for hypothermia. The client is advised to avoid frequent bathing with hot water in case of increased susceptibility to dry skin.

Pallative care

-Taking care of the whole person - body, mind, spirit, heart, soul -Provide best quality of life by symptom management

Causation

A cause and effect relationship in which one variable controls the changes in another variable. the action of causing something.

Living Will

A document that indicates what medical intervention an individual wants if he or she becomes incapable of expressing those wishes.

Patient Self-Determination Act

A federal law that mandates that every individual has the right to make decisions regarding medical care, including the right to refuse treatment and the right-to-die

Advance directives

A legal document designed to indicate a person's wishes regarding care in case of a terminal illness or during the dying process

Duty

A moral or legal obligation; a responsibility

What is a stressor? A stressor is any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability within the system. A stressor exists within the client system, such as the physiological and behavioral responses to illnesses. A stressor exists outside the client system; external stressors include changes in healthcare policies or increased the crime rates. A stressor is a term, description, or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events, or a group of situations.

A stressor is any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability within the system. A stressor is any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability within the system. Internal factors exist within the client system, like the physiological and behavioral responses to illnesses. External factors exist outside the client system; these stressors include changes in healthcare policies or increased crime rates. A phenomenon is a term, description, or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events, or a group of situations.

The pediatric nurse compares the sources of stress in preschoolers of different ages. Which source creates stress in both 3-year-olds and 4-year-olds? Nap or bedtime Insecurity Questions Fears

Fears are a source of stress in children of both age groups. The fears for a 3-year-old may be precipitated by imagination. This child may also fear dogs or other animals. A 4-year-old picks up fears from adults. This child may fear a dark room or anything perceived as "creepy." Insecurity is a source for stress in 4-year-olds. A child in this age group may develop nervous habits, such as nail biting, facial tics, thumb-sucking, and so on. This is not seen in 3-year-olds. Questions and nap or bedtime are sources of stress in 3-year-olds. A 3-year-old continually asks "Why?" and is upset if trusted adults do not respond or do not know the answer. This child may also fear bad dreams, the dark, or missing out on some fun while asleep. These are not sources of stress in 4-year-olds.

The nurse is assessing a client with impaired hearing. Which action of the nurse is most important for establishing a good communication with the client? Speaking at a normal volume Reducing environmental noise Getting the client's attention before speaking Rephrasing rather that repeating if misunderstood

Getting the client's attention before speaking The first step that the nurse should take for starting a communication with a client with impaired hearing is getting client's attention before speaking. The nurse should never shout and should always speak in a normal volume. The nurse should reduce the environmental noise before starting a conversation to avoid disturbances. The nurse should always rephrase the sentences rather than repeating if misunderstood because it can cause confusion.

Care givers experience

High rates of depressive symptoms and mental health problems among caregivers, compounded with the physical strain of caring for someone who cannot perform activities of daily living (ADLs), such as bathing, grooming and other personal care activities, put many caregivers at serious risk for poor physical health

A nursing student is recalling information about hospice care. What is hospice care? Hospice care is a resident's temporary or permanent home, where the surroundings have been made as homelike as possible. Hospice care offers an attractive long-term care setting with an environment akin to the client's home, which offers the client greater autonomy. Hospice care is a service that provides short-term relief for people providing home care to an ill, disabled, or frail older adult. Hospice care is a system of family-centered care that allows clients to remain at home in comfort while easing the pains of terminal illness.

Hospice care is a system of family-centered care that allows clients to remain at home in comfort while easing the pains of terminal illness.Hospice care is a system of family-centered care that allows clients to remain at home in comfort while easing the pain of terminal illness. A nursing center is a resident's temporary or permanent home, where the surroundings are made as homelike as possible. Assisted living offers an attractive long-term care setting with an environment that is like the client's home and offers the client greater autonomy. Respite care is a service that provides short-term relief for people providing home care to an ill, disabled, or frail older adult.

A nurse is educating a group of adolescent girls about the risk of pregnancy. Which statements does the nurse include to help ensure adequate teaching? Select all that apply. Infants born to adolescent mothers have low birth weights. Pregnant adolescents are more likely to seek out prenatal care. Infants born to adolescent mothers are more likely to be premature. Pregnant adolescent girls should avoid participating in prenatal classes. Infants born to adolescent girls have an increased risk of alcohol and drug exposure

Infants born to adolescent mothers have low birth weights. Infants born to adolescent mothers are more likely to be premature. Infants born to adolescent girls have an increased risk of alcohol and drug exposure The nurse should explain to the adolescent girls that pregnancy at this age results in low birth weight infants. Infants born to adolescent mothers are at increased risk of prematurity and increased risk of exposure to alcohol and drugs. Pregnant adolescents are less likely to seek out prenatal care. Adolescents who participate in prenatal classes have improved nutrition and healthier babies.

contraception

Intentionally preventing pregnancy from occurring

What are some challenges faced in the process of delegation? Select all that apply. Limited resources Large geographic area Time-saving considerations Vulnerable populations receiving care Provision of assistance with activities of daily living

Limited resources Large geographic area Vulnerable populations receiving care Delegation is a complex process. Delegating a task when resources are limited is a great challenge. Delegation is also more challenging the larger the geographic area is where the task should be performed. The process of delegation also becomes more challenging when care is being delivered to vulnerable populations. Time conservation is a benefit of the delegation process even if the decision to delegate may not be based on time-saving considerations. Providing assistance with the client's activities of daily living is a benefit rather than a challenge of delegation.

Scope of practice

describes the procedures, actions, and processes that a healthcare practitioner is permitted to undertake in keeping with the terms of their professional license.

data collection

The process of acquiring existing information or developing new information. from people, interviews, other researchers

A client whose spouse recently died appears extremely depressed. The client says, "What's the use in talking? I'd rather be dead. I can't go on without my spouse." What is the best response by the nurse? "Would you rather be dead?" "What does death mean to you?" "Are you thinking about killing yourself?" "Do you understand why you feel that way?"

The response "Are you thinking about killing yourself?" is the most important assessment to make, because suicide is a possibility with every depressed client. The client has already said that he would rather be dead, and the response addresses only part of the client's statement. The response "What does death mean to you?" is a philosophical approach that will not encourage discussion of feelings. The client is probably unable to explain why he feels the way he does.

HIPAA

US law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients' medical records and other health information provided to health plans, doctors, hospitals and other health care providers.

Assault

a physical attack

Libel

a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation.

Literature review

a thorough search through previously published studies relevant to a particular topic

fight or flight

being, or causing physiological changes in the body (such as an increase in heart rate or dilation of bronchi) in response to stress

Comfort Care

care of dying, relief of discomfort. Active phase of dying. Physical/social/emotional/spiritual needs are first priority.

Hospice care

care of pt. is who terminally ill w/ less than 6 months to live, death is expected outcome

End of life care

care of pt./ family during active phase of terminal illness

Negligence

careless neglect, often resulting in injury,

Evidence based practice

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

meta-analysis

combines results from different studies to identify how strong the evidence is for particular research findings

Primary literature

constitutes original research studies on which the secondary literature is created

Grief

deep sorrow, especially that caused by someone's death.

Malpractice

improper, illegal, or negligent professional activity or treatment, especially by a medical practitioner, lawyer, or public official.

spirtuality

involves deep feelings and beliefs of a religious nature, rather than the physical parts of life

Nurse licensure compact

is an agreement between states that allows nurses to have one license but the ability to practice in other states that are part of the agreement.

Bereavement

is the sorrow you feel or the state you are in when a relative or close friend dies.

Battery

is the tort of intentionally and voluntarily bringing about an unconsented harmful or offensive contact with a person or to something closely associated with them

Feritlization

is the union of a human egg and sperm

Gender identity

one's sense of being male or female

Standard of Care

refers to the the degree of attentiveness, caution and prudence that a reasonable person in the circumstances would exercise

qualitative research

research that relies on what is seen in field or naturalistic settings more than on statistical data. based on patients experience, feelings. subjective type of research. no numbers.

Stressors

specific events or chronic pressures that place demands on a person or threaten the person's well-being

Conception

the action of conceiving a child or of a child being conceived.

Defamation

the action of damaging the good reputation of someone; slander or libel.

Slander

the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation.

Menarche

the first menstrual period

Research Utilization

the process by which knowledge generated from research becomes incorporated into clinical practice

Perception

the process by which we receive, organize and interpret sensation