Unit 7 finance

The spreadsheet function for calculating net present value is ______.

=NPV(rate,CF1, ..., CFn) + CF0

The multiple rates of return problem is the possibility that more than one discount rate may make the net present value of an investment equal to

0

The multiple rates of return problem is the possibility that more than one discount rate may make the net present value of an investment equal to

0 zero

The profitability index is calculated by dividing the PV of the _________ cash inflows by the initial investment.

future

The ______ method evaluates a project by determining the time needed to recoup the initial investment.

payback

Which of the following are reasons why IRR continues to be used in practice?

-It is easier to communicate information about a proposal with an IRR. -The IRR of a proposal can be calculated without knowing the appropriate discount rate. -Business people prefer to talk about rates of return.

What is the primary concern of the payback period rule?

How long it takes to recover the initial investment

If a project has multiple internal rates of return, which of the following methods should be used?

MIRR NPV

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the payback period rule?

Requires an arbitrary cutoff point

What are the advantages of the payback period method for management?

The payback period method is ideal for minor projects. The payback period method is easy to use. It allows lower level managers to make small decisions effectively.

The internal rate of return is a function of ____.

a project's cash flows

The internal rate of return is a function of ____.

a projects cash flow

According to the average accounting return rule, a project is acceptable if its average accounting return exceeds:

a target average accounting return

The payback period rule ______ a project if it has a payback period that is less than or equal to a particular cutoff date.

accepts

One of the weaknesses of the payback period is that the cutoff date is a(n) ______ standard.

arbitrary

The discounted cash flow valuation shows that higher cash flows earlier in a project's life are ______ valuable than higher cash flows later on.

more

True or false: A project with non-conventional cash flows will produce two or more IRRs.

true

True or false: The IRR is easy to use because you only need to know the appropriate discount rate.

fLSE

True or false: The IRR is easy to use because you only need to know the appropriate discount rate.

false

True or false: The discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation estimates future value as the difference between the market price and the cost of the investment.

false

The payback period can lead to foolish decisions if it is used too literally because:

it ignores cash flows after the cutoff date

Which of the following present problems when using the IRR method?

mutually exclusive projects non-conventional cash flows

The __________ is best suited for decisions on relatively small, minor projects while ______ is more appropriate for large complex projects.

payback period; NPV

When calculating NPV, the present value of the nth cash flow is found by dividing the nth cash flow by 1 plus ______ rate raised to the nth power.

the discount

The IRR is the discount rate that makes NPV equal to ______.

ZERO

Which of the following are weaknesses of the payback method?

Time value of money principles are ignored. The cutoff date is arbitrary. Cash flows received after the payback period are ignored.

True or false: The payback period takes into consideration the time value of money.

false

True or false: The profitability index rule for an independent project states that, if a project has a positive NPV, then the present value of the future cash flows must be smaller than the initial investment.

false

True or false: The IRR is easy to use because you only need to know the appropriate discount rate.

false. You need the discount rate to calculate the NPV but it is not required for the IRR calculation.

If a firm is evaluating two possible projects, both of which require the use of the same production facilities, and taking one project means that we cannot take the other, these projects would be considered _______________.

mutually exclusive

The basic NPV investment rule is:

reject a project if its NPV is less than zero. if the NPV is equal to zero, acceptance or rejection of the project is a matter of indifference accept a project if the NPV is greater than zero.

True or false: Some projects, such as mines, have cash outflows followed by cash inflows and cash outflows again, giving the project multiple internal rates of return.

true

Internal rate of return (IRR) must be compared to the ________ in order to determine the acceptability of a project.

required return

The profitability index (PI) is calculated by dividing the present value of an investment's future cash flows by its _____ _____.

initial cost

The Combination MIRR method is used by the Excel MIRR function and uses which of the following?

-Discounting all cash outflows to time 0 -A reinvestment rate for compounding -Compounding cash inflows to the end of the project -A financing rate for discounting

How does the timing and the size of cash flows affect the payback method? Assume the project does pay back within the project's lifetime.

An increase in the size of the first cash inflow will decrease the payback period, all else held constant.

Which of the following are methods of calculating the MIRR of a project?

The Discounting Approach The Combination Approach The Reinvestment Approach

In capital budgeting, ______ determines the dollar value of a project to the company.

net present value

According to Graham and Harvey's 1999 survey of 392 CFOs (published in 2001), which of the following two capital budgeting methods are widely used by firms in the US and Canada?

net present value internal rate of return

One of the flaws of the payback period method is that cash flows after the cutoff date are ___.

not considered in the analysis

Specifying variables in the Excel NPV function differs from the manner in which they are entered in a financial calculator in which of the following ways?

The range of cash flows specified in Excel begins with Cashflow 1, not Cashflow 0. The discount rate in Excel is entered as a decimal, or as a percentage with a percent sign. With the Excel NPV function, Cashflow 0 must be handled outside the NPV function. The Excel NPV function is actually a PV function.