UNL 380 Exam 3 pt 2

Mendon began by taking one amphetamine a day to control his appetite. After a month or so, the one pill did not work as well but two pills did. This is an example of:

tolerance

Which of these is a depressant?

opioids

A serious, irreversible condition affecting the liver that is associated with long-term excessive drinking is:

cirrhosis.

Which drug increases the activity of the central nervous system?

cocaine

Which drug is NOT known to directly stimulate the brain's reward center?

heroin

Which of these was used as a cough medicine before its addictive properties became known?

heroin

Quinten has been taking two different medications. Both meds have similar actions in the body. What could this cause?

a synergistic effect

Which individual is LEAST likely to suffer from factitious disorder?

a woman who underwent successful surgery for ovarian cancer

A clinician is caring for a patient going through detoxification in a hospital. What can the clinician administer to help reduce severe alcohol withdrawal reactions, such as delirium tremens and seizures?

antianxiety drugs

Regular use of opioids may reduce the brain's production of:

endorphins.

An individual with Munchausen syndrome by proxy usually: a.has a low level of intelligence. b.is emotionally needy. c.is severely independent. d.has a history of psychotic episodes.

B. is emotionally needy

Which statement is NOT a sociocultural explanation of the cause of substance disorders?

Children whose needs are not met by parents grow up depending on others for comfort, and this may develop into a dependent relationship with a substance.

What theory explains how the sight of a hypodermic needle can comfort a person who is dependent on heroin?

Classical conditioning

Alcohol binds to receptors on neurons that normally receive:

GABA

Chronic and excessive use of alcohol or benzodiazepines may lower the brain's production of:

GABA

A professional health-care provider has evidence that a patient has intentionally faked her illness. To determine whether the patient is malingering or experiencing a factitious disorder, what must be examined? a.who else, if anyone, the patient is making ill b.the method the patient used to make herself ill c.the motivation the patient has for assuming the sick role d.the severity of the symptoms the patient has experienced

Motivation the patient has for assuming the sick role

Individuals with illness anxiety disorder typically receive the kinds of treatment that are applied to _____ disorder. a.obsessive-compulsive b.major depressive c.bipolar d.substance abuse

Obsessive-compulsive

_________was developed by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe in 1967.

Social Readjustment Rating Scale

A classmate is arrested on your college campus. How likely is it that the person had been drinking alcohol?

Very likely; more than 80 percent of all campus arrests are associated with drinking.

The healthcare provider is examining a woman in the emergency department who is complaining of having bloody diarrhea. The healthcare provider discovers that the woman is inducing her own condition by taking laxatives and anticoagulant medication. When asked why, the woman notes "I like being a patient here." What is the best explanation for the woman's behavior? a.She has a factitious disorder. b.She is malingering. c.She has a somatic disorder. d.She has a psychophysical disorder.

a.She has a factitious disorder.

What use disorder has aversion therapy primarily been used to treat?

alcohol

Aline abuses drugs. After she undergoes a PET scan of her brain, her doctor tells her that she has reward deficiency syndrome. Which of these is a drug that directly stimulates the structures in Aline's reward circuit?

amphetamines

Charley brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Charley caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, wanting to gain attention and praise for her devoted care of her sick child. If this assessment is correct, the appropriate diagnosis is: a.a conversion disorder. b.Munchausen syndrome by proxy. c.a psychophysiological disorder. d.Munchausen syndrome.

b. Munchausen syndrome by proxy.

The treatment approach in which electrical signals from the body are used to train people how to control physiological processes is called

biofeedback

Which of these is a type of factitious disorder? a.mass hysteria b.untreated migraine disorder c.Munchausen syndrome d.hypochondriasis

c. Munchausen syndrome

Which disorder is considered by law enforcement to be a form of child abuse? a.factitious disorder b.illness anxiety disorder c.Munchausen syndrome by proxy d.conversion disorder

c.Munchausen syndrome by proxy

According to psychodynamic theorists, the two primary mechanisms at work in hysterical somatoform disorders are: a.primary grief and secondary grief. b.projection and rejection. c.primary gain and secondary gain. d.ritual and undoing.

c.primary gain and secondary gain.

Munchausen syndrome by proxy is MOST likely to adversely affect the physical well-being of: a.the medical personnel caring for the person experiencing it. b.the person experiencing it. c.the child of the person experiencing it. d.the spouse of the person experiencing it.

c.the child of the person experiencing it

A community-based drug treatment program gives participants cash prizes for every drug-free urine sample they provide. The value of the prizes increases with the number of consecutive drug-free screenings. This is an example of:

contingency management.

People with ___________________display physical symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory functioning, but the symptoms are inconsistent with known medical diseases.

conversion disorder

Sometimes two or more drugs are so similar in their actions on the brain and the body that as people build a tolerance for one drug, they are simultaneously developing a tolerance for the other. This is known as:

cross-tolerance

Hysterical disorders are forms of communication; they provide the person with a means for expressing emotions that would otherwise be difficult to convey. This statement BEST reflects the perspective of _____ theorists. a.biological b.humanistic c.psychodynamic d.cognitive-behavioral

d. cognitive-behavioral

A young girl has been hospitalized due to a serious illness. Later, it's found that her mother had been giving her higher than normal doses of medication and contaminating her feeding tube. This is an example of: a.multiple personality disorder. b.Briquet's syndrome. c.Munchausen syndrome. d.Munchausen syndrome by proxy.

d.Munchausen syndrome by proxy.

Having a background in medicine, but also a grudge against the profession, puts a person at risk for: a.body dysmorphic disorder. b.amnesia conversion disorder. c.somatic symptom disorder. d.a factitious disorder.

d.a factitious disorder.

Which neurotransmitter system does cocaine have the GREATEST effect on?

dopamine

Thomas always checks his blood pressure multiple times a day. Whenever he sees any change in numbers, he believes it is a sign of a developing heart attack. This is an example of: a.body dysmorphic disorder. b.Munchausen syndrome. c.hysterical disorder. d.illness anxiety disorder.

illness anxiety disorder

Yasmin woke up with a mild cough and sniffles. Terrified, she searches on the internet for all the diseases that have coughing as a symptom. Yasmin is convinced she has a serious, life-threatening illness. The current term for this disorder is_____________

illness anxiety disorder

Melanie has been out with friends and using drugs. Despite being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of:

intoxication.

Henry is drinking at a party. The first effects he experiences are changes in:

judgement

Which theory explains drug-seeking behavior as led by a rewarding effect that makes using the substance again more likely?

operant conditioning

A person whose symptoms fulfill some external need, such as avoiding something unpleasant, is achieving_____________gain

secondary

A college professor's work performance has recently deteriorated, and his colleagues find him difficult to talk to. If this is due to a problem with drugs, the best description of this professor's behavior would be:

substance use disorder.

Ainsley has a drink in the morning on rising and a cocktail with breakfast. She usually sneaks a snort during the morning ("just to get through the day") and then drinks during lunch. Later, at home, she generally has a small dinner and sits in front of the TV drinking wine, often an entire bottle. Somehow she manages to get up and go to work the next morning. Ainsley is displaying:

substance use disorder.

Emily promises to help her child with homework but then takes drugs right after dinner. Emily falls asleep after the high and wakes up groggy and late for work. Her weekly brunch with friends is tomorrow, but Emily resolves to cancel because she'd prefer to do drugs and sleep in. Emily is experiencing:

substance use disorder.

The combined impact of different drugs multiplying or potentiating each other's effects is known as the

synergistic

Which activity will have the greatest effect on making an intoxicated person sober?

taking a nap

So many soldiers received morphine injections during the Civil War that addiction to morphine was known as:

the "soldier's disease."

A frequent drug user finds that larger doses of a drug are necessary to produce the same "high" that much lower doses once produced. That drug user is developing:

tolerance

A person who has --------- experiences lesions or holes in the wall of his or her stomach.

ulcers

Karen intentionally induces her own symptoms by mistaking medications so that she can be admitted to hospitals and receive treatment. This behavior BEST reflects: a.hypochondriasis. b.Briquet's syndrome. c.psychophysiological insomnia. d.Munchausen syndrome.

d.Munchausen syndrome.

Behaviorists believe that the fears found in illness anxiety disorder have been acquired through: a.overinterpretation of bodily cues. b.unsatisfied sexual desires. c.hypnotic suggestion. d.classical conditioning or modeling.

d.classical conditioning or modeling.

Today's leading explanations for conversion and somatic symptom disorders come from the: a.cognitive-behavioral model. b.psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and eclectic models. c.psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral models. d.psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and multicultural models.

d.psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and multicultural models.

What is the most immediate danger of heroin use?

an overdose

The BEST example of malingering is a person who: a.pretends to have an illness to get sympathy. b.falsely claims to have a terminal illness. c.feigns an illness to achieve some external gain, such as financial compensation. d.fakes an illness because he or she enjoys being a patient.

c. feigns an illness to achieve some external gain, such as financial compensation.

When Marigold sees her healthcare provider for treatment of an allergy, her healthcare provider tells her that her symptoms are factitious. Marigold will most likely: a.create new symptoms that are more difficult to disprove. b.produce false medical records to support her original symptoms. c.leave the facility and immediately seek treatment from a different physician. d.take measures that increase the intensity of her original symptoms.

c. leave the facility and immediately seek treatment from a different physician.

Which individual would be MOST likely to receive a diagnosis of factitious disorder? a.someone who breaks a leg while skiing but tells friends and family that the injury occurred in a car accident b.someone who has chronic nausea and vomiting due to high stress but denies that stress is a possible cause c.someone who purposefully drinks gasoline and then seeks treatment for an unknown stomach ailment d.someone who engages in cutting and tries to hide it from everyone

c. someone who purposefully drinks gasoline and then seeks treatment for an unknown stomach ailment

Binge drinking has been linked with all of the following EXCEPT:

homicide

Which of these would NOT be considered a drug?

sugar

A person becomes intoxicated when their alcohol blood concentration reaches what percent?

0.09 percent

Gus was involved in a serious car accident that killed his parents and his sibling. The next morning, Gus awoke and found that he could not see. This is an example of a(n): a.conversion disorder. b.somatic symptom disorder with a predominant pain pattern. c.factitious disorder. d.illness anxiety disorder.

A. conversion disorder

A risk factor for development of a psychophysiological disorder is: a.living in poverty. b.living in a rural area. c.being employed in a white-collar field. d.having more than one child.

A. living in poverty

The segment of the U.S. population with the lowest prevalence of alcoholism is:

Asian males and females.

Which statement about cannabis use is TRUE?

At high doses, cannabis can cause intoxication; at very high doses, it can cause hallucinations

A patient consistently complains of an assortment of physiological ailments. After physical evaluation and close monitoring, the healthcare provider determines that she is intentionally producing the physical symptoms in order to appear sick to fill some psychological need. This would be classified as a: a.conversion disorder. b.factitious disorder. c.psychophysical disorder. d.generalized anxiety disorder.

B . factitious disorder

If a person's bodily symptoms affect his or her voluntary motor and sensory functions, but the symptoms are inconsistent with any known medical disease, this condition is referred to as: a.malingering. b.selective symptomatology. c.illness anxiety disorder. d.conversion disorder.

D. conversion disorder

Cognitive-behavioral theorists propose that the physical symptoms of conversion and somatic disorders bring _____ to sufferers. a.punishment b.escape c.emotional relief d.rewards

D. rewards

A person who intentionally produces or fakes physical symptoms simply out of a wish to be a patient might be diagnosed with a: a.conversion disorder. b.psychotic disorder. c.factitious disorder. d.stress disorder.

Facititious disorder

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in heavy drinkers?

Heavy drinking is at least twice as likely in men as it is in women.

Someone who intentionally feigns an illness to receive external gain is described as someone who: a.has an illness anxiety disorder. b.has a factitious disorder. c.is malingering. d.is experiencing somatization.

Malingering

____________is another name for factitious disorder.

Munchausen syndro

Pat and Kelly each have five of the same cocktail. Pat gets very drunk. Kelly does not. Which factor would MOST likely account for this difference?

Pat is a woman, kelly is a man

From a psychodynamic perspective, people whose symptoms keep their internal conflicts from emerging into consciousness achieve______________gain

Primary

One of the dangers of a diagnosis of conversion disorder is that the patient: a.may have a genuine medical problem. b.will then seek only psychodynamic therapy. c.will most likely seek a second medical opinion. d.may view all future physical symptoms as a symptom of this disorder.

a.may have a genuine medical problem

A newly developed drug causes users to lose some muscle control and slur their words. The drug also results in a slowing of central nervous system activity. MOST likely this drug is a:

depressant

Mason was a chronically ill child who was seen repeatedly in the emergency department for a number of ailments. After several visits, Mason was removed from his home and placed in foster care. While staying in foster care, Mason became quite healthy. In this case, one might suspect that the parent was experiencing: a.malingering. b.a psychophysical disorder. c.a factitious disorder. d.a somatoform disorder.

factitious disorder

Someone who has Munchausen syndrome also, by definition, has: a.Munchausen by proxy. b.somatic symptom disorder. c.a factitious disorder. d.conversion disorder.

factitious disorder

The long-term pattern of maladaptive behavior caused by the regular use of some chemical or drug is called:

substance use disorder

Which term is applied to an individual who demonstrates a pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance?

substance use disorder

_________is the study of the connections between stress, the immune system, and illness.

Psychoneuroimmunology

_________are disorders in which biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors interact to cause or worsen a physical illness.

Psychophysiological disorders