US HIS 121 ch. 1-16 Midterm Review

What was the main reason why the Spanish settlers established a colony in New Mexico rather than remaining in Florida?

Most of the native people of Florida died of disease brought by foreigners

Federalism was most popular in which state?

New Jersey

In which state were the most battles fought between the Continental and British forces in the Revolutionary War?

New York

What happened in the late 1600s that led to changes in the legal status of Africans in the United States?

Other forms of inexpensive labor were becoming scarce

The Anti-Federalists included which early American leader among their number?

Patrick Henry

Which of the following best describes most of the first English settlers to arrive at the colony of Jamestown?

Peasants who had been forced off their farms and sought work

What happened as a result of climate change in North America at the beginning of the Archaic Era?

People turned from hunting and gathering to farming and herding food

What issue was resolved with the Great Compromise between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?

Representation in the two legislative houses

The city of ________ became a leading center for Muslim scholarship and trade.

Timbuktu

The series of attempts by Christian armies to retake the Holy Lands from Muslims was known as ________.

the Crusades

Which extensive tribe forged a political confederacy to strengthen their influence and resolve internal disputes?

the Iroquois

Peter Minuit was the director of what European nation's first colony in the Americas?

the Netherlands

Evidence of a turquoise trade indicates that the Aztec people probably migrated to central Mexico from what area?

the Southwest

In 1779, which colonial leader traveled to France to negotiate peace with the British?

John Adams

How did the first people to migrate to North America reach it?

By crossing Bering Strait from the west

How did Great Britain respond to the colonial boycott that followed the Stamp Act?

By sending soldiers and occupying Boston and New York City

Where were the first Europeans to establish a colony in North America from?

Spain

What was the primary cause for the population growth in the American colonies in the early 1700s?

Immigration to the Americas from Europe

In 1492, the Spanish forced these two religious groups to either convert or leave.

Jews and Muslims

The language of the Declaration of Independence was greatly influenced by the writings of which Enlightenment philosopher?

John Locke

The New England colonists fought which conflict without the aid of colonial powers?

King Phillip's War

Which War of 1812 battle was the most decisive in asserting American dominance over the British in the Old Northwest?

Lake Erie

When the individual states began writing their constitutions, their experience as royal subjects made which of the following a key concern?

Limiting the powers of government

The Western European curiosity that led to the Columbian Exchange originated with which explorer's travels?

Marco Polo

Which European's travels first provoked the Western European curiosity for exploration and expansion?

Marco Polo

What state was the last of the thirteen colonies to draft and ratify a state constitution in 1780?

Massachusetts

The law that caused the greatest change to the legal status of Africans in North America involved which of the following?

The declaration of slavery as a hereditary condition

What evidence showed that colonial boycotts of British goods created economic and social changes in the American Revolution?

Women's roles in cottage industries become more important

Which Revolutionary War battle ended with the surrender of General Cornwallis to General Washington?

Yorktown

During the Revolutionary War, why did many colonial slaves fight on the side of the British rather than with the colonists?

The colonists did not want to allow slaves to use weapons

Why did the Spanish crown continue to finance the Florida colony even after the explorers failed to find a passage to Asia?

The colony had become an important base for missionaries

What caused the deaths of most of the native population of Hispaniola in the early 1500s?

The epidemic of small pox

Which of the following had the greatest role in the economic growth of Britain's North American colonies in the 1700s?

The expansion of slavery

Which law had the greatest impact on the legal status of Africans in North America in the 1600s?

The law making slavery a hereditary condition inherited through a child's mother

In the years following the American Revolution, churches helped change the social status of free African-Americans by doing which of the following?

Assisting in the establishment of separate communities in Northern cities

The 1657 petition known as the Flushing Remonstrance concerned which of the following?

Freedom of Religion

By 1750, the economic prosperity experienced by the American colonies had resulted in which of the following?

A colonial desire for political autonomy

The first armed conflict of the Revolutionary War was provoked by what act?

A raid by British soldiers on colonial weapons arsenal

How would a Federalist most likely respond to the Anti-Federalist argument that government is the enemy of liberty?

A secure government is necessary in order to secure liberty

The Russians was the first to explore which North American region?

Alaska

Which North American region was the last to be explored by Europeans?

Alaska

The Federalists included which early American leader among their number?

Alexander Hamilton

Where in the colonies did the British military concentrate their attacks?

Along the Atlantic Coast

What led the Iroquois to choose the British forces as allies in the Revolutionary War rather than the colonists?

American's raided the Iroquois' territory, earning their distrust

What was the location of the largest mound-building culture in early North America?

Cahokia

The Hohokam people of modern-day Arizona were best known for which of the following?

Canal construction

Which of the following most drove the governments of European nation states in colonizing the Americas?

Competition with each other

What was the original cause of factionalism in the early United States?

Disagreements over what the role of the government should be

Which of the following nearly decimated the population of Hispaniola in the early 1500s?

Disease

What posed the biggest threat to the early peoples of the American Southwest prior to the year 1300?

Environmental changes

The Northwest Ordinance was passed in 1787 to accomplish which goal?

Establish relations with North American tribes

Which of the following was most helpful to the success of the Columbian Exchange in the New World?

Established Native American trade routes

The first permanent colony established by Europeans in North America was in what modern-day state?

Florida

The first migrants to North America reached it from which direction?

From the west

Aside from the British settlers, of what nationality were the largest number of European settlers to immigrate to the American colonies in the 1700s?

German

Which ideas of the European Enlightenment were most influential to the American colonists?

Inalienable rights

How was Pennsylvania's constitution radically different from other state constitutions?

It allowed for only one legislation body and no governor

What was the importance of the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison in determining the role of the Supreme Court in American government?

It established the Supreme Court's authority to declare laws unconstitutional

Why did most Americans view the French Revolution differently than they did the American Revolution?

It marked the end of a Federalist influence

Aside from the issue of taxation by representation, why did the Virginia House of Burgesses object to Parliament's stamp tax?

It would create a great economic burden for the colonists

Which European explorer's travels laid to rest the idea that a northwest passage to Asia existed?

James Cook

The Treaty of Paris, which ended the Revolutionary War in 1783, ceded the territory of which future U.S. state to the United States?

Michigan

Which Spaniard was the first to explore Florida?

Ponce de León

Which New World crop soon became a dietary staple for Europeans?

Potatoes

The Flushing Remonstrance was a petition for freedom of religion written by people from what religion?

Quakers

Which nation first entered Alaska, the last region in North America to be explored by Europeans?

Russia

Which of the following characterized the post-Archaic phase in North America?

Sedentary village life

What was a consequence of the growth in population that occurred in the American colonies in the early 1700s?

The gap between the rich and the poor became wider

In the 1780s, what evidence shows that the early government of the United States was not as strong and united as its founders had hoped it would be?

States relied on their own constitutions, which often stated very different laws

What was a major concern for the group known as the Anti-Federalists?

That a federal government would take away states frights

What was a major concern for the group known as the Federalists?

That the new nation would be unable to confront foreign threats

Which statement gives one justification for the United States declaring war on Great Britain in the War of 1812?

The British encouraged Native American tribes to rebel against the Americans

Americans who did not support the French Revolution made which primary distinction between it and the American Revolution?

The French Revolution was unnecessary violent and brutal

Where did the Treaty of Paris set the boundary of the United States?

The Mississippi River

In the 1770s, the American Revolution was met with the most resistance by which group of people?

The Native Americans

What was the principal cause of the Pueblo Revolt in New Mexico?

The Spanish had attempted to keep the Pueblos from practicing their native religion

The Congressional response to the Alien and Sedition Acts set an important precedent by making which suggestion?

The US states could nullify federal laws if they disagreed with them

Which statement gives the best evidence for the need for Federalism in the late eighteenth century?

The Untied States national debt had grown out of control

What was the justification for replacing the Articles of Confederation with a different document?

The central government it created was weak and had little power

What evidence suggests that the American colonies' declaration of independence against Great Britain was bound to happen decades before it did?

The colonies had developed their own economic structures independently from Great Britain

What was the first organized act of resistance in the colonies in response to the passage of the Intolerable Acts?

The meeting of the First Continental Congress

In his pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine made which radical assertion?

The monarchy was an illegitimate form of government

What was the most significant change produced by human populations on the environment and biodiversity of North America during the Paleo-Indian Era?

The overhunting of large mammals

What right did many American women begin to demand in the early nineteenth century?

The right to an education

Shortly after the United States gained its independence, American women began to pursue which right?

The right to an eductaion

The final draft of the U.S. Constitution took which right away from the individual states?

The right to issue and print currency

Why did slavery play a larger role in driving economic expansion in the southern colonies than those further north?

The southern colonies' economies depended more heavily on agriculture

After explorers were unable to find a passage to Asia through Florida, what led the Spanish crown to continue financing the Florida colony?

The work of the Franciscan missionaries with their native people

During the Revolutionary War, which was an advantage that the Continental forces had over the British forces?

They had soldiers who were better trained

What actions by the Spanish settlers in the New Mexico colony led to the Pueblo Revolt?

They kept them from practicing their native religion

What was a consequence of the fact that the early people of the Americas did not have horses or oxen?

They never developed wheeled vehicles

How did the French settlers approach colonization in the New World differently from the Spanish?

They sought to make alliances with the native people instead of subjugating them

Why were West Africans preferred over the native people of the Americas for enslaved labor?

They were able to resist diseases that had affected the native peoples

For what reason were the Alien and Sedition Acts unpopular with most Americans?

They were at odds with the US Constituion

Which U.S. President negotiated the sale of French Louisiana with Napoleon Bonaparte?

Thomas Jefferson

Why did King Louis XIV first send French explorers to the Great Lakes region?

To find a direct route to china

What was the purpose of adding the Bill of Rights to the U.S. Constitution?

To secure individual rights against possible government intrusion

What was the most likely reason why loyalism to the British crown was more concentrated around New York City than Boston?

Very little patriot activity had occurred in New York City

In which state was Anti-Federalism most popular?

Virginia

What was the driving force behind the Europeans' desire to find an oceanic route to Asia?

being able to circumvent Arabic merchants