U.S. History Test 3 Study Guide
What was the key difference between Alice Paul's Congressional Union and the activities of the National American Woman Suffrage Association? A. The Congressional Union was more militant in its tactics. B. The Congressional Union was more closely aligned with French suffragists. C. The National American Woman Suffrage Association pursued a national strategy. D. The National American Woman Suffrage Association advocated suffrage for black women, along with whites.
A. The Congressional Union was more militant in its tactics.
What is an accurate comparison of the two competing brands of political progressivism in the 1912 presidential campaign (Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" and Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom")? A. Neither was truly progressive. B. The New Nationalism accepted concentrations of capital, labor, and government; the New Freedom stressed competitiveness among small business and reduced government power. C. Both welcomed assertive federal power and encouraged business growth. D. The New Nationalism supported business and ignored social justice concerns, while the New Freedom held to the reverse emphasis.
B. The New Nationalism accepted concentrations of capital, labor, and government; the New Freedom stressed competitiveness among small business and reduced government power.
Through the Good Neighbor policy the United States A. shifted to using its economic influence as a lever in the region. B. gave up military, political, and economic intervention in Latin America. C. exercised political influence rather than using economic intervention in Latin America. D. asserted its right to defend Latin America from the Nazis unilaterally.
A. shifted to using its economic influence as a lever in the region.
Movie studios lured viewers into movie houses during the Great Depression by A. showing movies that preserved traditional values and middle-class morality. B. only making movies with big-name stars. C. slashing prices of movie tickets. D. showing movies with a lot of violence and sex.
A. showing movies that preserved traditional values and middle-class morality.
There was renewed interest in the KKK because A. the Klan reflected the insecurities of the New Era. B. Klan leaders had become more vocal. C. there were more African Americans in America. D. there was renewed interest in the reconstructed South.
A. the Klan reflected the insecurities of the New Era.
Many historians consider it the most important reform of the early-twentieth century because it established the means for expanded federal action. It was A. the Sixteenth Amendment permitting graduated income taxes. B. the Nineteenth Amendment granting women's suffrage. C. the Eighteenth Amendment authorizing prohibition. D. the Seventeenth Amendment providing for direct popular election of Senators.
A. the Sixteenth Amendment permitting graduated income taxes.
Why was the sinking of the Lusitania a turning point in America entering the war? A. It was an American ship and all passengers were lost. B. Wilson issued an order to the attacker, Germany, which, if not followed, would lead the U.S. into entering the war. C. Its sinking prompted the United States to support the British. D. It was a military vessel carrying large amounts of arms, which were all lost at sea.
B. Wilson issued an order to the attacker, Germany, which, if not followed, would lead the U.S. into entering the war.
The wartime mobilization of the economy evidenced all the following features except A. increased consolidation of both industrial and agricultural production. B. a shift of industrial production from the Pacific to the Southeast. C. new economic opportunities for ethnic minorities. D. government control over vital aspects of the economy.
B. a shift of industrial production from the Pacific to the Southeast.
Coolidge's administration contributed to the economic problems by A. levying high taxes on the middle class. B. allowing big business to operate unchecked. C. exerting too much control over banks. D. None of these answers are correct.
B. allowing big business to operate unchecked.
Margaret Sanger worked to provide women with information about A. voting rights. B. birth control. C. economic freedom. D. fashion.
B. birth control.
Wilson's initial commitment to neutrality in World War I stemmed from his conviction that the United States A. had no right to interfere in the affairs of foreign countries. B. could lead the warring nations to a "peace without victory" if it remained neutral. C. would be able to expand its imperial holdings after the major belligerents had exhausted each other. D. had no security interests outside the Western Hemisphere.
B. could lead the warring nations to a "peace without victory" if it remained neutral.
The Great Crash A. caused the Depression. B. damaged the economy and broke the unbounded optimism of the New Era. C. caused a surge in worldwide trade, as people scrambled for scarce goods. D. All of these answers are correct.
B. damaged the economy and broke the unbounded optimism of the New Era.
The new science called ________ gave respectability to the idea that new immigrants to the U.S. were biologically inferior. A. biochemistry B. eugenics C. genetics D. neurogenics
B. eugenics
One of Roosevelt's biggest pushes during the Second Hundred Days was to A. make sure that he was well positioned to win reelection in 1936. B. get more Americans working through the Works Progress Administration. C. continue bailing out the banks. D. continue supporting big business.
B. get more Americans working through the Works Progress Administration.
Dollar diplomacy failed in the Caribbean because A. Woodrow Wilson didn't like it. B. it was linked closely with unpopular regimes, banks, and corporations. C. Taft never visited the area. D. people were afraid of it.
B. it was linked closely with unpopular regimes, banks, and corporations.
Under the Roosevelt Corollary, the U.S. A. agreed to abstain from interfering in the internal affairs of the Caribbean nations. B. justified intervention in the internal affairs of Caribbean countries. C. established a system of mutual financial and commercial obligations with Panama. D. declared the canal zone open to all nations.
B. justified intervention in the internal affairs of Caribbean countries.
To preserve America's banks, the government adopted all the following measures except A. providing federal insurance for bank deposits. B. nationalizing the banking system. C. proclaiming a four-day "bank holiday." D. placing troubled banks in the hands of federal conservators.
B. nationalizing the banking system.
What was the cornerstone of Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom? A. ensuring that women, African Americans, and other marginalized groups would enjoy full political rights B. opposing bigness in business and government alike C. allowing businesses to expand and consolidate as the free market dictated D. guaranteeing individual freedoms through an active and expansive federal government
B. opposing bigness in business and government alike
Radio bound the country together because A. people fell for the same gimmicks from advertisers. B. people could listen to the same programs, no matter where they lived. C. all people liked the same programs. D. All of these answers are correct.
B. people could listen to the same programs, no matter where they lived.
The defining characteristic of the New Deal was A. ideological consistency. B. pragmatic experimentation. C. adherence to fixed economic principles. D. cautious progressivism.
B. pragmatic experimentation.
McClure's magazine pioneered a new style of journalism featuring writers like Lincoln Steffens who A. employed a gritty realism that portrayed life in the slums. B. presented carefully researched exposés of corporate and government abuses. C. scientifically analyzed social problems and proposed solutions. D. provided voter information to reveal where candidates stood and whose money they accepted.
B. presented carefully researched exposés of corporate and government abuses.
The aim of the Neutrality Act of 1935 was to A. prevent war between Europe and Latin America. B. prohibit the sale of arms by U.S. businesses to all belligerents in time of war. C. prevent the American purchase of goods from European nations at war. D. None of these answers are correct.
B. prohibit the sale of arms by U.S. businesses to all belligerents in time of war.
Roosevelt turned his attention to saving the banks first because A. he was getting a lot of pressure from Congress to do it. B. the Brains Trust believed that it was the first step to economic solvency. C. he didn't have a plan for dealing with other issues first. D. bank leaders were begging for help.
B. the Brains Trust believed that it was the first step to economic solvency.
The policy of "appeasement" became infamous after British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain agreed to the MunichPact in 1938; this pact allowed Nazi Germany to occupy what region? A. the Rhineland B. the Sudetenland C. Poland D. Ethiopia
B. the Sudetenland
The accomplishments of the Wilson administration included all the following except A. the implementation of a graduated income tax. B. the racial integration of federal offices. C. lowering protective tariffs. D. the creation of the Federal Reserve System to regulate credit and the money supply.
B. the racial integration of federal offices.
Which progressive reform allowed citizens to vote directly to enact or repeal laws? A. the recall B. the referendum C. the direct primary D. the initiative
B. the referendum
What were the cash-and-carry policy and lend-lease policy designed to achieve? A. to ease the American public into the idea of entering the war B. to help the Allies while preserving official neutrality C. to seize German, Japanese, and Italian assets D. to help American business and stabilize the dollar
B. to help the Allies while preserving official neutrality
In 1913 a compromise was reached regarding the regulation of banking and this compromise was codified in the A. Sixteenth Amendment. B. Clayton Antitrust Act. C. Federal Reserve Act. D. Federal Trade Commission.
C. Federal Reserve Act.
The Allies decided that Germany was the primary target because A. Roosevelt and Churchill hated Hitler. B. Japan was too far away to be a serious target. C. Germany posed a greater threat to its neighbors and beyond. D. Germany had long-range weapons that could reach the East Coast of the United States.
C. Germany posed a greater threat to its neighbors and beyond.
Why did union membership grow so precipitously over the course of the 1930s? A. Unions pioneered new tactics—such as the sit-down strike—to win better contracts. B. Many unemployed workers joined unions in an effort to gain stable employment. C. Government support for unions allowed organization of unskilled workers to flourish. D. For the most part, unions did not engage in strikes, winning popular support.
C. Government support for unions allowed organization of unskilled workers to flourish.
What was the most important effect of the Dust Bowl? A. It resulted in the formation of the United Farm Workers. B. It caused the government to regulate farming on unsuitable land. C. It caused a flood of migrants from the Great Plains to the West. D. It caused Plains states to lose representation in Congress.
C. It caused a flood of migrants from the Great Plains to the West.
What legacy might Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association have had? A. It caused the federal government to investigate seemingly radical behavior by blacks. B. It caused many African Americans to work to improve their neighborhoods. C. It caused many African Americans to embrace black nationalism. D. It caused greater attention to be paid to black intellectuals in Harlem and elsewhere.
C. It caused many African Americans to embrace black nationalism.
Why was Germany so maligned during discussions at Versailles? A. The German soldiers had not stopped fighting after the armistice was signed. B. Germany had joined forces with the Russians. C. People felt Germany was to blame for everything. D. Germany wanted to further spread its empire around the world.
C. People felt Germany was to blame for everything.
The Central Powers and their allies in World War I consisted of all the following except A. Austria-Hungary. B. Turkey. C. Russia. D. Germany.
C. Russia.
Based on the attitudes that progressives had toward immigration, alcohol consumption, prostitution, and racial discrimination, what can you conclude about who constituted the progressives? A. The progressives were made up of whites, committed to racial purity. B. The progressives were women, committed to social reform through apolitical means. C. The progressives were a diverse group with sometimes conflicting positions. D. The progressives were primarily based in Washington, committed to national issues.
C. The progressives were a diverse group with sometimes conflicting positions.
Why were legislators like Henry Cabot Lodge opposed to Wilson's proposal for a League of Nations? A. They personally detested Wilson and his supporters. B. They wanted to develop a League after the emotional tenor of wartime subsided. C. They wanted to preserve American sovereignty in foreign affairs. D. They believed such a League would rearm Germany.
C. They wanted to preserve American sovereignty in foreign affairs.
The Treaty of Versailles never received Senate ratification because A. Wilson himself came to oppose it. B. It would have destroyed U.S. national security. C. Wilson refused to compromise with Republicans who opposed the treaty. D. The vast majority of Americans came to oppose it.
C. Wilson refused to compromise with Republicans who opposed the treaty.
Robert La Follette's progressive program became synonymous with which state, which he governed from 1901 to 1906? A. California B. Massachusetts C. Wisconsin D. Texas
C. Wisconsin
With regard to labor, World War II witnessed all the following developments except A. occasional strikes by workers seeking better conditions, though usually in defiance of union leadership. B. a dramatic increase in the number of women in the workforce, with older and married women overtaking young, single women. C. a revolution in attitudes about gender whereby most Americans rejected the idea that a woman's primary responsibility was childrearing. D. the establishment of a federal agency to manage labor disputes and increased federal power to address labor stoppages.
C. a revolution in attitudes about gender whereby most Americans rejected the idea that a woman's primary responsibility was childrearing.
The roaring economy of the 1920s involved all of the following except A. a revolution in thinking, in which advertising persuaded consumers to buy now rather than save. B. a productivity revolution based on technology. C. a revolution in labor relations, marked by new growth in the size and influence of labor unions. D. a consumer-goods revolution that gave the United States the highest living standards on earth.
C. a revolution in labor relations, marked by new growth in the size and influence of labor unions.
The primary goal of the Manhattan Project was to create a(n) A. meteorological forecasting program to determine what weather conditions the military would face in battle. B. radar network to locate German U-boats. C. atomic bomb before German scientists could do so. D. effective pesticide to enhance agricultural production.
C. atomic bomb before German scientists could do so.
The Roosevelt coalition that took shape during the Great Depression tied all the following factions to the Democratic Party except A. women and blacks. B. blue-collar workers. C. big business. D. white southerners.
C. big business.
W.E.B. Du Bois A. focused on improving the lot of the black working classes. B. worked with Booker T. Washington to create the Atlanta Compromise. C. called on the "talented tenth" to publicly oppose segregation, disenfranchisement, and discrimination. D. opposed the creation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
C. called on the "talented tenth" to publicly oppose segregation, disenfranchisement, and discrimination.
In response to widespread racial discrimination, W.E.B. Du Bois A. advised blacks to be patient and accept the existence of the racial caste system until white society was more prepared to overcome its prejudices. B. insisted that only blacks could solve their own problems, so they should refuse any assistance from white reformers. C. called on the elite "talented tenth" of the African-American community to assume leadership in the struggle for civil rights. D. contended that African Americans' education should focus on profitable vocational training because a broader liberal arts education was of no practical value.
C. called on the elite "talented tenth" of the African-American community to assume leadership in the struggle for civil rights.
What was the subject of the Keating-Owen Act? A. female suffrage B. female birth control C. child labor D. immigration
C. child labor
Women's roles during the war included all of the following except A. radio operators. B. mechanics. C. combat nurses. D. technicians.
C. combat nurses.
Unemployment was a sign of a troubled economy because it showed that A. big businesses didn't value their workers. B. people didn't want to work in industrialized businesses anymore. C. companies suffered from overexpansion, reduced demand, and weak management. D. big businesses were consolidating many of their positions.
C. companies suffered from overexpansion, reduced demand, and weak management.
Although Wilson suffered numerous setbacks in the negotiations that led to the Treaty of Versailles, he did succeed in A. convincing Britain to acquiesce to free trade and freedom of the seas. B. preventing Britain and France from demanding onerous reparations from Germany. C. creating a dozen new states on the basis of national self-determination. D. ensuring that the treaty did not place blame for the war on the losers alone.
C. creating a dozen new states on the basis of national self-determination.
With regard to race relations, President Roosevelt did all the following except A. appoint African Americans to important federal positions in several southern states. B. speak out against the practice of lynching. C. exonerate black troops unjustly accused of "shooting up" Brownsville, Texas. D. invite Booker T. Washington to dinner at the White House.
C. exonerate black troops unjustly accused of "shooting up" Brownsville, Texas.
The purpose of Roosevelt's work programs was to A. get people working again as cheaply as possible. B. show the electorate how hard he was trying. C. get people working again as well as make a difference in the community. D. spend the money in the administration's coffers.
C. get people working again as well as make a difference in the community.
Marcus Garvey, Claude McKay, and Zora Neale Hurston were representative of the A. new cult of celebrity made possible by movies and radio. B. increased prominence of spectator sports in American society. C. growing assertiveness and racial pride of black Americans. D. new mingling of revivalism, consumerism, and new technologies.
C. growing assertiveness and racial pride of black Americans.
Developments in the 1920s economy included all the following except the A. increasing predominance of oligopolies and corporations. B. spread of consumption encouraged by advertising and credit. C. growing strength, size, and influence of independent labor unions. D. emergence of new businesses made possible by the spread of automobile ownership.
C. growing strength, size, and influence of independent labor unions.
Henry Ford's great contribution to modern industrial culture was A. his sensitivity to the needs of the modern worker. B. his canny use of product diversification to appeal to a wide range of individual tastes. C. his commitment to standardization and assembly-line mass production. D. the invention of the gasoline engine.
C. his commitment to standardization and assembly-line mass production.
On the issue of racial discrimination, progressives generally A. fought Jim Crow laws and lynching. B. used white supremacy arguments to break the power of northern urban political machines. C. ignored the question altogether. D. advocated segregated facilities in the North.
C. ignored the question altogether.
The War Labor Board had the power to make peace between business and labor by A. disallowing strikes. B. requiring that businesses improve wages and working conditions. C. imposing arbitration in any labor dispute. D. None of these answers are correct.
C. imposing arbitration in any labor dispute.
New Deal planning for agriculture and industry depended primarily on A. state governments. B. federal agencies. C. private interests. D. There was no formal New Deal planning for agriculture and industry.
C. private interests.
Taft's dollar diplomacy was intended to accomplish all of the following except A. tie debt-ridden nations to the U.S. instead of Europe. B. encourage private corporations to invest abroad. C. promote American corporate interests overseas through the use of armed force. D. foster prosperity in nations abroad.
C. promote American corporate interests overseas through the use of armed force.
The ultimate outcome of Roosevelt's court-packing plan was that A. the Court retaliated by striking down even more New Deal legislation than before. B. judges were forced to retire at age 65. C. the plan was defeated, but the Supreme Court became more favorable to New Deal legislation. D. the president was empowered, under certain conditions, to appoint up to six additional justices to the Supreme Court.
C. the plan was defeated, but the Supreme Court became more favorable to New Deal legislation.
At Tehran and Yalta, which issue most divided Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt and paved the way for future conflict? A. the time and place of the second front that the United States and Britain would open in western Europe B. the question of whether to invade or bypass the Philippines C. the postwar fate of Germany and the states neighboring the Soviet Union D. whether the Soviet Union would declare war against Japan after Germany was defeated
C. the postwar fate of Germany and the states neighboring the Soviet Union
Which event was most important in causing Woodrow Wilson to ask Congress for a declaration of war? A. the resignation of Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan B. the sinking of the Lusitania C. the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany D. the revelation of atrocities committed by the German military
C. the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany
Speculation, which had taken over the stock market, was troubling to financial analysts because it A. caused the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates. B. wasn't a fair way of doing business. C. was based on expectations that weren't always realistic. D. benefited the wealthy.
C. was based on expectations that weren't always realistic.
What happened to the New Deal during the war? A. Since "Dr. New Deal" had become "Dr. Win-the-War," there was little political interest in domestic legislation. B. Since wartime spending brought recovery, neither Roosevelt nor Congress thought the New Deal was needed any more. C. Although cloaked in wartime labels, several additional New Deal-style agencies were created to provide relief, recovery, and reform. D. An anti-New Deal coalition moved to end many New Deal programs, and the president adapted to the new political environment.
D. An anti-New Deal coalition moved to end many New Deal programs, and the president adapted to the new political environment.
One of the decisive battles in the Pacific was the A. Battle of the Bulge. B. Battle of Australia. C. Battle of Fiji. D. Battle of Midway.
D. Battle of Midway.
By the end of the summer of 1940, Germany had conquered all the following countries except A. Belgium. B. France. C. Norway. D. Britain.
D. Britain.
Why did a black majority vote Democratic in the election of 1934? A. Significant corruption disenfranchised blacks and their votes were recorded as Democratic. B. They were following a long tradition of African American support for the Democrats. C. Many blacks came to assume leadership positions in locally controlled New Deal programs. D. Despite discrimination, the New Deal helped many African Americans.
D. Despite discrimination, the New Deal helped many African Americans.
How did Wilson use missionary diplomacy to gain headway in Nicaragua, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic? A. He spoke about the ideals of democracy to the masses. B. He cut off all ties. C. He gave ultimatums to the leaders of those nations. D. He sent troops to protect U.S. interests.
D. He sent troops to protect U.S. interests.
The Allies were successful in their invasion of Normandy because A. Hitler wasn't aware that the Allies were coming. B. the Allies had more troops and weapons than the Axis powers. C. the Germans were no longer in France. D. Hitler thought they were arriving at a different location and delayed sending troops to Normandy.
D. Hitler thought they were arriving at a different location and delayed sending troops to Normandy.
Why was Executive Order 8802 and its enforcement mechanism of the FEPC so important? A. It gave the government the power to strip citizens of their civil liberties in times of war. B. It appeased southern constituencies who sought to disfranchise blacks. C. It addressed labor shortages by developing a new relationship with Mexico. D. It gave government support for equal hiring practices.
D. It gave government support for equal hiring practices.
Which of the following statements about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is false? A. It was part of a series of attacks that also targeted Midway, the Philippines, and Guam. B. It was the worst naval defeat in U.S. history. C. It took place several months after the United States imposed trade sanctions on Japan and froze Japanese assets in American banks. D. It resulted in the destruction of almost all the Pacific Fleet's vital aircraft carriers.
D. It resulted in the destruction of almost all the Pacific Fleet's vital aircraft carriers.
Which of the following statements about eugenics is least accurate? A. It won the support of some prominent progressives, including birth-control advocate Margaret Sanger. B. It was used to add respectability to the anti-immigrant movement. C. It encouraged the selective breeding of the human race to weed out "undesirable" traits. D. It was a fringe movement that obtained little popular attention or support.
D. It was a fringe movement that obtained little popular attention or support.
The inflammatory Zimmerman Telegram proposed that in the event of war between the U.S. and Germany D. German nationals within the U.S. would be held in internment camps. B. Germany would unleash unrestricted submarine warfare on U.S. merchant vessels. C. the U.S. would take over the German colonies once the Central Powers were defeated. D. Mexico would attack the U.S.
D. Mexico would attack the U.S.
Taft's efforts in dollar diplomacy in Asia resulted in which of the following? A. Japan becoming suspicious of all foreigners. B. America quickly ending dollar diplomacy there. C. Russia threatening to invade China. D. Southern Chinese provinces rebelling against foreign intrusion and overthrowing the monarchy.
D. Southern Chinese provinces rebelling against foreign intrusion and overthrowing the monarchy.
Why were Americans so concerned about radicalism following World War I? A. The soaring enrollment in leftist groups. B. Many Bolsheviks and Socialists were elected to positions of power in the United States. C. Eugene Debs escaped from jail, potentially resurrecting the Socialists. D. Terrorist activity and postwar strikes created chaos.
D. Terrorist activity and postwar strikes created chaos.
Why did employers' groups implement welfare capitalism as part of their American Plan (1921)? A. They hoped to work with unions on these programs. B. They were moved by religious paternalism. C. They hoped to prevent regulatory legislation. D. They sought to increase production.
D. They sought to increase production.
For the most part, how did progressives respond to an increase in the number of immigrants? A. They worked for a more liberal immigration policy. B. They promoted eugenicist policies. C. They embraced immigrant traditions. D. They stressed Americanization programs.
D. They stressed Americanization programs.
Wilson's commitment to neutrality in the World War stemmed from his profound conviction that A. it was his Christian duty to impose America's will on the world. B. the U.S. had no security interests outside the Western Hemisphere. C. aggressive, threatening nationalism would arise from the chaos of war. D. a neutral United States could lead the warring nations to a "peace without victory."
D. a neutral United States could lead the warring nations to a "peace without victory."
The key agreements made at the Yalta Conference can be described as A. a diplomatic stalemate: there was agreement because the United States sought maximum territorial control and the Soviets wanted a new collective security organization. B. a one-sided diplomatic victory for the Americans--until the Soviets broke their pledges. C. a sellout and betrayal of American ideals and interests by a naïve and ill President Roosevelt. D. a series of compromises and concessions made by the United States to ensure Soviet cooperation.
D. a series of compromises and concessions made by the United States to ensure Soviet cooperation.
In the nineteenth century, the primary revenue source for the federal government was A. public land leases and use fees. B. dividend taxes and customs duties. C. personal and corporate income taxes. D. alcohol taxes and customs duties.
D. alcohol taxes and customs duties.
As part of Roosevelt's "gentlemen's agreement," what did Japan receive in return for a promise to block future Japanese immigration to the United States? A. American recognition of Japan's annexation of Manchuria from China B. a pledge to not send any U.S. warships to Hawaii or the Philippines without prior approval from Japan C. the granting of full American citizenship to all Japanese immigrants already settled in the United States D. an end to the segregation of Japanese students in San Francisco schools
D. an end to the segregation of Japanese students in San Francisco schools
The National Origins Acts of 1921 and 1924 cut down the number of immigrants by A. limiting all immigrants over a certain age. B. disallowing immigration from south of the border. C. limiting those from Asian and South American countries. D. capping the total number and limiting the entry of immigrants.
D. capping the total number and limiting the entry of immigrants.
During the Great Depression, radio programs and movies tended to A. accentuate the failings of capitalism and democracy, which the Depression had made so clear. B. draw in audiences with lurid depictions of sexual depravity and violence. C. lose audiences precipitously as few could afford to enjoy such "luxuries." D. celebrate traditional values and middle-class morality.
D. celebrate traditional values and middle-class morality.
Under the "Roosevelt Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine, the United States A. declared that it would not permit further colonization anywhere in the world. B. agreed to abstain from interfering in the internal affairs of Caribbean nations and to prevent other powers from interfering in them. C. returned control of the Panama Canal to Panama. D. claimed for itself the right to police the internal affairs of other American nations.
D. claimed for itself the right to police the internal affairs of other American nations.
For African Americans, World War II A. led to the reluctant but ultimately peaceful integration of housing in many northern and western cities. B. offered no opportunities for addressing the problems of Jim Crow. C. offered an opportunity to defend a nation that had begun supporting their interests. D. created an improved job situation more because of labor shortages than because of government action.
D. created an improved job situation more because of labor shortages than because of government action.
One of several factors that contributed to the bull market of the 1920s was the A. increased availability of money and credit. B. expanding prosperity of America's agricultural sector. C. cancellation of European war debts and the strong economic stability of European markets. D. enhanced bargaining position and growing purchasing power of workers.
D. enhanced bargaining position and growing purchasing power of workers.
Roosevelt's reelection in 1936 was due in large part to the fact that A. he was supported solely by labor unions. B. nobody knew his Republican contender. C. he was supported by big business. D. he stood up for those at the bottom of the economic ladder.
D. he stood up for those at the bottom of the economic ladder.
The Social Security Act aimed to A. protect the federal government coffers. B. pull back on the relationship between people and government. C. take money from the wealthy to give to the poor. D. help those who could not help themselves, as well as retirees and those who lost their jobs.
D. help those who could not help themselves, as well as retirees and those who lost their jobs.
As a disciple of Emmeline Pankhurst, what was Alice Paul's chief contribution to the woman suffrage movement? A. pushing for the vote on the basis of women's unique virtues rather than on the basis of pure gender equality B. arguing for women's right to vote as means of strengthening the voting power of native-born whites C. adopting a grassroots strategy of persuasion and education from state to state D. importing the militancy of the English woman suffrage movement to the United States
D. importing the militancy of the English woman suffrage movement to the United States
LULAC, or the League of United Latin American Citizens, aimed to do all of the following except A. stress desegregation of public schools. B. support Latino civil rights. C. end discrimination in public facilities and on juries. D. include ethnic Mexicans.
D. include ethnic Mexicans.
Roosevelt dealt with big business by A. implementing a wide range of new financial regulations. B. limiting the number of employees companies could fire. C. raising corporate taxes and passing legislation to break up monopolies. D. instituting planning that would boost industrial activity and consumer spending.
D. instituting planning that would boost industrial activity and consumer spending.
The ideology of progressivism, insofar as it had one, generally A. called for redistribution of incomes from wealthy to poor and a socialist approach to government. B. stressed trying to meet the special needs of each identifiable private interest. C. was rooted in firm and fixed standards of morality and truth. D. mixed a liberal concern for the poor with a conservative wish to control social disorder.
D. mixed a liberal concern for the poor with a conservative wish to control social disorder.
Journalists who exposed corruption in government and industry were called A. yellow journalists. B. mudslingers. C. do-gooders. D. muckrakers.
D. muckrakers.
While women experienced many benefits of the New Deal, government insisted that women A. needed to stay at home rather than work. B. should stay out of the political arena. C. could not compete for certain jobs with men. D. needed to be protected more than they needed to be employed.
D. needed to be protected more than they needed to be employed.
One way that workers challenged the "business as usual" stance in industry in the 1930s was to A. employ an "if you can't beat them, join them" stategy. B. write memos to the leaders and demand to be heard. C. disengage from the union. D. organize "sit-down strikes" in the factories and refuse to work.
D. organize "sit-down strikes" in the factories and refuse to work.
Traditionalists who resisted the changes of the 1920s were most likely to oppose A. moral certainty. B. ethnic homogeneity. C. "neighborliness." D. religious pluralism.
D. religious pluralism.
Woodrow Wilson's executive style was different than Theodore Roosevelt's in that Wilson A. ignored public opinion. B. took a laissez-faire approach towards industry. C. was a bit of a maverick and lacked party discipline. D. shaped policy and legislation to a greater degree.
D. shaped policy and legislation to a greater degree.
All the following were factors contributing to the booming economy of the 1920s except A. increased purchasing power. B. enhanced productivity. C. low prices of consumer goods. D. shrinking personal debt.
D. shrinking personal debt.
The belief that laws are to be interpreted according to experience and the needs of a changing society is best described as A. the progressive method. B. behaviorism. C. pragmatism. D. sociological jurisprudence.
D. sociological jurisprudence.
Overexpansion negatively affected business by the end of the 1920s because A. there were too many companies producing goods. B. people no longer wanted the products. C. the labor unions were breathing down the companies' necks. D. the demand for goods decreased, which meant that inventories climbed and companies lost money.
D. the demand for goods decreased, which meant that inventories climbed and companies lost money.
An important source of friction among Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt was A. Roosevelt and Churchill's insistence that the Pacific theater take precedence over defeating Germany. B. Stalin's refusal to take advantage of the large manpower advantage that he possessed over Hitler. C. Roosevelt's refusal to ship arms or munitions to a communist country. D. the slowness that Roosevelt and Churchill took before opening an effective second front against Germany.
D. the slowness that Roosevelt and Churchill took before opening an effective second front against Germany.
The immigrants coming to the United States in the immediate aftermath of World War I were least likely to come from which of the following regions? A. Northwestern Europe B. Southern Europe C. Eastern Europe D. Latin America
A. Northwestern Europe
Whose transatlantic solo flight made him one of the most renowned celebrities of the 1920s? A. Charles Lindbergh B. George Carpentier C. Joe "King" Oliver D. Christy Walsh
A. Charles Lindbergh
All of the following are true about the Big Three's views on postwar Europe except A. Churchill was in favor of an international agency to preserve peace. B. Roosevelt wanted an international agency, like the League of Nations, to maintain peace. C. Stalin expected to annex surrounding nations and parts of nations in order to protect the Soviet Union. D. Churchill wanted a stable European balance of power to preserve peace.
A. Churchill was in favor of an international agency to preserve peace.
What did Wilson hope to achieve with the League of Nations? A. Countries bound to respect and protect each other and isolate aggressors. B. The United States would be considered a superior power. C. Germany and Russia would not be trusted. D. The disarmament of all nations.
A. Countries bound to respect and protect each other and isolate aggressors.
The "Brandeis Brief," as innovated by Louis Brandeis in the case of Muller v. Oregon, was notable for what quality? A. It favored factual evidence over legal precedent. B. It established the principle that the traditions of law were constant and universal. C. It made its case based on abstract appeals rather than on concrete examples. D. It offered the first persuasive argument that the Bill of Rights protected citizens from the actions of state governments.
A. It favored factual evidence over legal precedent.
Why was Theodore Roosevelt's intervention in the 1902 anthracite coal strike important? A. It showed that he would intervene on behalf of labor, as well as management. B. It showed that the Republican Party had more diversity than previously believed. C. It showed that he supported labor interests more than business interests. D. It showed that he sought to increase the powers of the president.
A. It showed that he would intervene on behalf of labor, as well as management.
Wilson added which of the following to the principles of American diplomacy? A. a missionary commitment to spreading his system of beliefs across the world B. a sense of the fundamental equality of all peoples and nations C. a belief that displays of military might were more effective than negotiation D. All of these answers are correct.
A. a missionary commitment to spreading his system of beliefs across the world
The Nye Committee of 1935 reached the conclusion that A. bankers and munitions makers had benefited handsomely from World War I and may have pushed the United States into that war. B. the rising specter of fascism and militarism required an immediate armed response by the United States for its own security. C. the United States had been too slow to enter into World War I and its delay had caused millions to die needlessly. D. the president needed to have all authority possible to aid and assist friendly nations invaded by hostile powers.
A. bankers and munitions makers had benefited handsomely from World War I and may have pushed the United States into that war.
The New Deal legacy included all of the following except A. bringing an end to the Great Depression. B. preserving capitalism and strengthening democracy. C. modernizing and personalizing the American presidency. D. making an active government responsible for economic security in America.
A. bringing an end to the Great Depression.
One economic tactic, advocated by economist John Maynard Keynes, that might have led the United States more quickly out of the Depression was A. for the government to increase spending and continue running deficits. B. for the president to raise taxes on the wealthy. C. to concentrate more effort on foreign trade. D. to take the shackles off of big business.
A. for the government to increase spending and continue running deficits.
What fundamental issue divided internationalists and isolationists? A. how much to cooperate with and form alliances with other countries B. whether an international consultation or a North Atlantic military alliance would best preserve peace C. which political party could best protect American security D. whether international alliances or policies like the Stimson Doctrine were more effective against aggression
A. how much to cooperate with and form alliances with other countries
The Great Depression resulted from all the following factors except the A. inability of factories to produce enough goods to meet consumer demands. B. uneven distribution of wealth accompanied by high rates of saving among the wealthiest Americans. C. decentralized banking system and the diversion of banking funds into speculative investments. D. excessive and unchecked influence that private corporations exerted over the economy.
A. inability of factories to produce enough goods to meet consumer demands.
Many big corporations worked for the war cause by A. manufacturing planes, ships, and tanks. B. donating money to pay war costs. C. cutting wages. D. offering to pay higher tax rates.
A. manufacturing planes, ships, and tanks.
Theodore Roosevelt saw government's role in implementing the "Square Deal" as A. mediation. B. intervention. C. capitalization. D. reform.
A. mediation.
Marcus Garvey called for African Americans to do all of the following except A. pursue racial integration. B. return to Africa. C. stand up and help themselves. D. be proud of themselves.
A. pursue racial integration.
Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle played a significant role in advancing what reform? A. regulation of the food industry B. restrictions on child labor C. the establishment of wildlife preserves D. the direct election of U.S. senators
A. regulation of the food industry
Changes in attitudes toward women in the 1920s A. resulted primarily from changes caused by World War I. B. did not include the cultural acceptance of the dissemination of birth control. C. opened the door for women to most professions. D. caused a significant increase in the number of women in the workforce.
A. resulted primarily from changes caused by World War I.
The advertising industry A. shifted during the 1920s from emphasizing products to stressing a consumer's desires. B. insinuated but did not emphasize health, popularity, and social status. C. warned people against buying on credit. D. All of the answers are correct.
A. shifted during the 1920s from emphasizing products to stressing a consumer's desires.
A popular new way of thinking called pragmatism asked the question, A. "Do I have to?" B. "Does it work?" C. "Is it right?" D. "Will it sell?"
B. "Does it work?"
Which of the following factors was not a reason why Axis victory seemed likely at summer's end in 1942? A. German forces had invaded North Africa and threatened British access to the Suez Canal. B. Brutal occupation policies broke the will of conquered peoples who showed little willingness or ability to resist. C. Japan had cleared the Pacific of any significant Allied force between itself and India and Australia. D. German U-boats prowled the Atlantic in "Wolfpacks" that threatened to cut off supplies between the United States and its allies.
B. Brutal occupation policies broke the will of conquered peoples who showed little willingness or ability to resist.
Migrants uprooted by the Dust Bowl generally sought economic opportunities in which state? A. Oklahoma B. California C. Texas D. Illinois
B. California
One of the reasons there was dissent from the New Deal was that A. some people felt that Roosevelt was a dictator in the making. B. people felt that change wasn't happening quickly enough. C. some wealthy executives felt that Roosevelt was an enemy of private property. D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
The renaissance in African American culture in Harlem resulted in A. a surge of literature, painting, and sculpture. B. an exploration of street life in cities, folkways of the rural South, and the primitivism of preindustrial cultures. C. support of artists by some white patrons. D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
What propelled the "culture wars" between traditionalists and proponents of modern city life? A. the fear that the "sins" of the city were tempting the young people B. the fear of anything foreign and/or anti-religious C. the fear that small-town life and values, the rural roots of America, were disappearing D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following groups generally supported the Prohibition movement? A. labor leaders B. Catholics C. social scientists D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
One of the most important results of the New Deal was that A. the Democratic Party had become very powerful. B. the power of Congress increased. C. it bolstered the upper class. D. Americans knew that in hard times, the government would come to their aid.
D. Americans knew that in hard times, the government would come to their aid.