WCU patho midterm select all questions

Orthostatic hypotension is a risk factor for (Select all that apply)

stroke cognitive impairment death

A patient with forward effects of heart failure may present with which symptoms (Select all that apply)

impaired memory mental fatigue confusion

A patient is admitted to the hospital with left-sided heart failure. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect the client to exhibit? (Select all that apply.)

-Cough -Dyspnea -Crackles in lungs

Which statements is true regarding serum potassium (K +) levels? (Select all that apply.)

-Hyperkalemia can result in weakness in the lower extremities. Hyperkalemia can be characterized by intestinal cramping. -Hypokalemia can often cause muscle weakness. -Hypokalemia can result in a paralytic ileus.

The pathologic changes that occur in the development of coronary atherosclerotic lesions include cell damage resulting from which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

-The effects of oxidized lipids -An inflammatory response -The formation of plaques

When emphysema is a result of a α1-Antitrypsin disorder, assessment data is likely to include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Client age younger than 50 No history of cigarette smoking Enzyme levels that are below normal

A common cause of heart failure is which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Coronary artery disease Cardiomyopathy Hypertension

High blood pressure can be treated with lifestyle modification related to which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Decreased sodium intake Relaxation techniques Weight management Exercise

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Elevated granulocyte count Abdominal discomfort Weight loss

Which type of shock is characterized by generalized vasodilation and peripheral pooling of blood? (Select all that apply.)

Septic Neurogenic Anaphylactic

Which pathogenetic change is associated with acute bronchitis? (Select all that apply.)

Swelling from exudation of fluid Loss of ciliary function Inflamed airways

A patient experiences anaphylactic shock. The nurse expects to observe which signs and symptoms in the patient? (Select all that apply)

hypotension uritcaria angioedema wheezing

Acute coronary syndrome in the presence of thrombosis may present as (Select all that apply).

unstable angina MI sudden cardiac arrest

When assessing an individual during an acute asthma episode, you should expect to find (Select all that apply).

use of accessory breathing muscles expiratory wheezing feeling of chest tightness coughing

The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resulting of which of the following. (Select all that apply)

Calcification Ghon tubercles Formation of granulomas Activation of macrophages

Regarding ion deficiency anemia, what laboratory features are typically decreased? (Select all that apply)

MCV MCH MCHC

Which cell is from myeloid lineage? (Select all that apply.)

Platelets Monocytes Granulocytes

Clinical manifestation of hypocalcemia include which of the following? (Select all that apply).

Positive Trousseau sign Positive Chvostek sign Hyperactive reflexes Muscle twitching Paresthesias

A skin assessment of the legs of a client diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency would show which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Reddish pigmented areas Reports of legs cramping Edema increasing as the day progresses An ulcer on the ankle of the affected leg

Which is a risk factor associated with hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

Age African-American race History of tobacco smoking

Risk factors for the development of high blood pressure are which of the following? (select all that apply)

Age Race Diet Weight

The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents and the resulting of which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Inflammation Lung consolidation Formation of exudates

Which clinical manifestation differentiates myocardial infarction (MI) from angina pectoris? (Select all that apply.)

Radiating chest pain ST-segment changes on the ECG Elevated serum levels of troponin

Which is a required for red blood cell production? (Select all that apply.)

Iron Folate Vitamin B12

Which statement is true regarding cancer? (Select all that apply.)

The greater the undifferentiated cell count, the more aggressive the cancer Malignant tumors have the potential to kill the host

Necrosis is the result of cellular injury that does not allow for cellular adaptation because it is which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Too severe Too prolonged A result of a disrupted blood supply

The role of the circulatory system is to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Transport O2 and nutrients throughout the body Remove waste products found within the body

Dysrhythmias are significant since they (Select all that apply)

can indicate an underlying disorder can impair cardiac output

Clinical manifestations of pleural effusion include (Select all that apply)

dyspnea diminished breath sounds a tracheal shift, if large