Week 2 - The Biology of Behavior Quiz

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______ glands are situated at the top of the kidneys, involved in releasing hormones at times of stress.

adrenal

A substance produced by the adrenal glands, released in response to stress.

adrenaline

The limbic system, associated with emotion, contains:

amygdala and hippocampus

A drug that blocks the effectiveness of a neurotransmitter.

antagonists

The ______ regulates physiological functions such as respiration, heart rate, temperature, and digestion and includes the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

autonomic nervous system

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter involved in the largely unconscious functioning of the ______ nervous system, concerned with functions such as ____ and respiration rates.

autonomic, heart

Random brain activity is also called _____.

coritical noise

_______ plays a key role in the functioning of neurons associated with pleasure and reinforcement.

dopamine

A specialized cell or organ that carries out a response to a nerve impulse.

effector

The Sympathetic nervous system, part of the autonomic nervous system, instigates the physiological responses that accompany _____ behavior.

emotional

_____ system of is composed of glands secreting hormones whose functioning affects things such as growth, maturation, behavior, and emotion.

endocrine

_______ are chemicals that have a pronounced effect on growth, maturation, behavior, and emotions and that are produced by endocrine glands and secreted directly into the bloodstream.

hormones

The human nervous system is a communication system; its function is to transmit messages, also called _____.

impulses

Norepinephrine _____ blood pressure and triggers the release of ____ from energy stores.

increases, glucose

Which of the following are physical stimuli?

light, sound, smell, drugs

A disease associated with ___ dopamine levels is Parkinson's disease.

low

A totally secular view of origins simultaneously subsumes a view of _____.

moral relativism

The _____ system is the electrical and chemical communication system within our bodies.

nervous

Nerves are made up of bundles of ____.

neurons

Naturally produced chemicals, called _____, are released by nerve cells and that initiate or facilitate transmission of messages among nerve cells.

neurotransmitters

One neuron can communicate with another neuron by sending little chemical messengers called ______.

neurotransmitters

The neural networks that fan out from the central nervous system to various parts of the body are called the _____.

peripheral nervous system

________ is a term used to describe the mechanism-of-action of drugs and their corresponding effects.

pharmacodynamics

A small endocrine gland found as a protrusion off the hypothalamus.

pituitary gland

The stage of sleep in which does most dreaming occurs.

rapid eye movement (REM)

When a person experiences acute, immediate effects as a drug wears off, an equal but opposite effect generally takes place. This is known as ______.

rebound effect

Specialized cells or groups of cells that respond to sensory stimulation.

receptors

Map out the schematic conception of the components of the sensorimotor arc:

receptors send signals to connectors in neural pathways, then signals are sent to effectors.

Finish the quote by Albert Einstein, "Science without religion is lame, ______.

religion without science is blind

The process by which a nerve cell recaptures some of the neurotransmitters it has released is known as _____.

reuptake

A neurotransmitter, the bulk of which is found in the gut, where it regulates intestinal activity.

serotonin

______ are drugs that speed up bodily functions, whereas _____ are drugs that slow down bodily functions.

stimulants, depressants

The space between the ends of one cell's axon and another cell's dendrites is a ____.

synapse

Evolution is defined (in the text) as _____.

the adaptive progression of species from their origins

Psychology deals with how we perceive and understand the _____ and _____ is fundamental to the psychological study of perception.

universe, consciousness


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